Geldart-D类湿颗粒倾斜落料行为及其强化

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20221562

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对湿颗粒流动性较差、倾斜落料困难的问题，建立了机械振动耦合辅助流化风的可视化倾斜落料实验装置，研究了液体饱和度S、表面张力σ和倾斜角度δ对三种Geldart-D类湿颗粒(塑料珠、玻璃珠、氧化锆珠)倾斜落料量的影响，并对机械振动、辅助流化风和振动耦合辅助流化风三种助流落料方法进行了实验比较。研究结果表明，受液桥力影响，湿颗粒落料过程的质量流量q_m较干颗粒降低60%以上。随振动强度Γ和辅助流化风气速u_f的增加，湿颗粒质量流量q_m增加，其中振动强度Γ对重质类颗粒(玻璃珠、氧化锆珠)的强化效果较佳，辅助流化风气速u_f对轻质类颗粒(塑料珠)的强化效果较佳。相同能耗条件下，振动耦合辅助流化风具有更高的质量流量q_m，是相对节能的助流落料方法。

关键词: 粒子, 流动, 倾斜落料, 团聚, 振动强度, 流化风

Abstract:

Considering the difficulty of tilted falling of wet particles due to their poor flowability, a visualized tilt-fall experimental setup with mechanical vibration coupled with auxiliary fluidized gas was established, the effects of liquid saturation S, surface tension σ and tilt angle δ on the mass flow rate of three types of wet Geldart-D particles (plastic beads, glass beads and zirconia beads) were investigated, and three auxiliary dropping methods including individual mechanical vibration, individual auxiliary fluidized gas and vibration coupled with auxiliary fluidized gas were compared and evaluated. The research results show that, affected by the liquid bridge force, the mass flow rate q_m of the wet granule blanking process was reduced by more than 60% compared with that of the dry granule. The mass flow rate q_m of wet particles during tilt-fall increased with an increase of vibration intensity Γ and auxiliary fluidized gas velocity u_f. The effect of vibration intensity Γ on heavy particles such as glass beads and zirconia beads was comparatively considerable, and the influence of the auxiliary fluidized gas velocity u_f on the light particles, e.g., the plastic beads was more obvious. The auxiliary drop method of vibration coupled with auxiliary gas brings about higher wet particle drop mass flow rate under the same energy consumption, which is considered as the more energy-efficient method compared with other methods.

Key words: particle, flow, tilt-fall, agglomeration, vibration intensity, fluidized gas

中图分类号:

TK 123

张浩, 徐惠斌, 高健, 刘帝宏, 周泽华. Geldart-D类湿颗粒倾斜落料行为及其强化[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(4): 1519-1527.

Hao ZHANG, Huibin XU, Jian GAO, Dihong LIU, Zehua ZHOU. Geldart-D wet particle tilt-fall behavior and its reinforcement[J]. CIESC Journal, 2023, 74(4): 1519-1527.

图/表 12

图1 机械振动耦合辅助流化风的可视化倾斜落料实验装置系统1—罗茨鼓风机;2—储气罐;3—球阀;4—转子流量计;5—振动台;6—振动控制箱;7—床体;8—可拆卸的倾斜底板;9—闸门;10—烧杯;11—电子天平

Fig.1 Schematic of the visualized tilt-fall experimental setup with mechanical vibration coupled with auxiliary fluidized gas1—Roots blower; 2—gas storage tank; 3—ball valve; 4—rotor flow meter; 5—vibration table; 6—vibration control box; 7—bed; 8—removable inclined bottom plate; 9—gate; 10—beaker; 11—electronic balance

表1 实验用颗粒物性

Table 1 Properties of experimental particles

编号	种类	平均直径d_p/mm	真实密度ρ_p/(g·ml^-1)	堆积密度ρ_b/(g·ml^-1)	空隙率ε
Particle 1	塑料珠	2.0	1.19	0.75	0.37
Particle 2	玻璃珠	2.0	2.23	1.39	0.38
Particle 3	氧化锆珠	2.0	2.93	1.82	0.38

表2 实验用液体物性

Table 2 Properties of experimental liquids

编号	成分		表面张力σ/（mN·m^-1）	液体动力黏度μ/(mPa·s)
编号	CaCl₂溶液/ %(mass)	TritonX-100/ %(mass)	表面张力σ/（mN·m^-1）	液体动力黏度μ/(mPa·s)
1	35	0	86.2	15.2
2	35	0.02	66.0	15.2
3	35	0.08	54.1	15.2
4	35	0.26	47.6	15.2

表3 振动强度Γ与工作电流IΓ 、电压UΓ 对照

Table 3 Comparison of vibration intensity Γ with operating current IΓ and voltage UΓ

振动强度Γ	工作电压U_Γ /V	工作电流I_Γ /A
0.4	323	0.4
0.8	323	0.6
1.2	324	0.9
1.6	324	1.1
1.9	324	1.3

图2 液体饱和度对倾斜落料过程颗粒质量流量的影响

Fig.2 Influence of liquid saturation on the mass flow rate of particles during tilt-fall

图3 液体表面张力对倾斜落料过程质量流量的影响

Fig.3 Effect of liquid surface tension on the mass flow rate of wet particles during tilt-fall

图4 倾斜角度对倾斜落料过程质量流量的影响

Fig.4 Influence of tilt angle on the mass flow rate of wet particles during tilt-fall

图5 振动强度对湿颗粒倾斜落料行为的影响

Fig.5 Effect of vibration intensity on the behavior of wet particles during tilt-fall

图6 辅助流化风气速对湿颗粒倾斜落料行为的影响

Fig.6 Effect of auxiliary fluidized gas velocity on the behavior of wet particles during tilt-fall

图7 机械振动耦合辅助流化风对湿颗粒倾斜落料过程质量流量的影响

Fig.7 Effect of mechanical vibration coupled with auxiliary fluidized gas on the mass flow rate of wet particles during tilt-fall

图8 单位时间能耗对湿颗粒倾斜落料过程质量流量的影响

Fig.8 Effect of energy consumption per unit time on the mass flow rate of wet particles during tilt-fall

图9 机械振动耦合辅助流化风的单位输送量能耗数据

Fig.9 Energy consumption data per unit conveying volume of mechanical vibration coupled with auxiliary fluidized gas

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