双开口气波制冷机振荡管内流动机理实验研究

doi:10.11949/j.issn.0438-1157.20181000

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

搭建了双开口制冷整机实验平台，采集不同转速下振荡管内动态压力，对气波制冷整机内部波系关系对制冷的影响进行机理研究。首先，应用基于CFD的数值计算方法对本实验进行模拟，验证了该计算方法具有较高精度；其次，根据不同转速下管内实测压力绘制波系关系图，得到在最大制冷温降时，反向压缩波最弱，波系匹配最为合理；最后，分析压缩波振荡现象的原因及影响，转速越接近最佳转速，压缩波携带能量越小，对低温气影响越少。

关键词: 制冷, 测量, 实验验证, 非定常流动, 数值模拟

Abstract:

A double-opening refrigeration machine experimental platform was built to collect the dynamic pressure in the oscillating tube at different speeds, and the mechanism of the internal wave relationship of the gas-wave-cooling machine was studied. First, the experiment is simulated by a CFD (computational fluid dynamics) numerical simulation method, the simulated value agree fairly well with the experiment pressure data, which has proven that this simulation method has a high precision. Then，the flow waves diagrams under different rotation rate were plotted based on the experiment pressure data. It shows that when the temperature gap between high pressure gas and low temperature gas reaches maximum, reflect shock wave intensity is the lowest and the relation between waves is most reasonable. Finally, the compression wave oscillation phenomenon is analyzed, which comes to a conclusion that the oscillation increases low temperature gas temperature. When the rotation rate approaches the best optimal value, the weaker the wave energy is and the less its impact is.

Key words: refrigeration, measurement, experimental validation, unsteady flow, numerical simulation

中图分类号:

TQ 051.5

王静娴, 郑友林, 胡恒, 魏蓓, 李奇, 胡大鹏. 双开口气波制冷机振荡管内流动机理实验研究[J]. 化工学报, 2019, 70(4): 1302-1308.

Jingxian WANG, Youlin ZHENG, Heng HU, Bei WEI, Qi LI, Dapeng HU. Experimental research on flow mechanism analysis in oscillating tube of double-opening wave refrigerator[J]. CIESC Journal, 2019, 70(4): 1302-1308.

图/表 12

图1 双开口制冷机结构

Fig.1 Schematic of double-opening refrigeration

图2 新型双开口制冷机结构

Fig.2 Schematic of new double-opening refrigeration

表1 设备设计参数

Table 1 Design specifications

参数	数值
通道长度	300 mm
通道高度	18 mm
通道数量	72
转子半径	125 mm
转速	≤2800 r/min
间隙尺寸	≤0.2 mm
HP与LT喷嘴偏角	2.5°～22.5°

图3 检测孔开设位置

Fig.3 Position of test holes

图4 重复性实验压力数据

Fig.4 Pressure of repeated tests

表2 四端口温度

Table 2 Temperature of 4 ports/℃

端口	实验次数
端口	1	2	3	4	5
HP-port	23.6	23.6	23.8	23.7	24.1
LT-port	6.3	6.2	6.5	6.4	6.5
HT-port	58.8	59.0	60.3	60.2	60.5
MP-port	19.6	19.2	19.4	19.4	19.3

图5 稳定性实验压力数据

Fig.5 Pressure of stability tests

表3 边界条件的参数设置

Table 3 Specifications of the boundary condition

端口	表压/kPa	温度/℃
HP	80	26.8
HT	30	60.8
LT	0.457	7.3

图6 实验动态压力与数值计算表压

Fig.6 Gauge pressure of experiment and numerical simulation

图7 不同转速下制冷温降

Fig.7 Drop of temperature with different rotate velocity

图8 不同转速下x-t-p图

Fig.8 x-t-p nephogram with different rotate velocity

图9 不同转速下位置No.6处压力

Fig.9 Pressure of position No.6 with different rotate velocity

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