基于改进回声状态网络的游离氧化钙预测控制

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20190716

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

在非线性时延水泥烧成系统中，针对传统预测控制方法调节时间长、控制精度不高的问题，提出一种改进的在线型回声状态网络预测控制模型。首先将带有L1范数约束项的递归最小二乘法与回声状态网络相结合构建在线型预测模型，解决传统预测控制模型辨识精度较低、无法进行实时预测的问题；然后基于改进的回声状态网络预测模型，构建预测控制模型结构，并采用具有全局优化能力的粒子群算法进行滚动优化，保证实际输出量快速、准确、平稳地跟随被控量的设定值；最后利用改进的预测控制模型对水泥烧成系统中的游离氧化钙含量进行预测控制仿真实验，结果表明改进的预测控制模型具有良好的性能和应用前景。

关键词: 模型预测控制, 神经网络, 回声状态网络, L1正则化, 优化, 烧成系统

Abstract:

In the nonlinear time-delay cement burning system, an improved on-line echo state network predictive control model is proposed for the problem that the traditional predictive control method has long adjustment time and low control precision. Therefore, we firstly combine the L1-norm constrained recursive least squares method with the echo state network to construct an on-line prediction model to address these issues. Then, the structure of predictive control model is constructed based on the improved prediction model of echo state network. And particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm with global optimization capability is utilized for rolling to ensure that the actual output follows the setting value of the controlled variable quickly, accurately and smoothly. Finally, the simulation prediction experiments of the free calcium oxide content in the cement burning system are conducted using the improved predictive control model. The results show that the improved predictive control model has good performance and application prospects.

Key words: model predictive control, neural network, echo state network, L1 regularization, optimization, burning system

中图分类号:

TP 183

李德健, 刘浩然, 刘彬, 刘泽仁, 王卫涛, 闻岩. 基于改进回声状态网络的游离氧化钙预测控制[J]. 化工学报, 2019, 70(12): 4749-4759.

Dejian LI, Haoran LIU, Bin LIU, Zeren LIU, Weitao WANG, Yan WEN. Predictive control of free calcium oxide based on improved echo state network[J]. CIESC Journal, 2019, 70(12): 4749-4759.

图/表 10

图1 L1RLS-ESN结构

Fig.1 Structure of L1RLS-ESN

图2 预测控制结构

Fig.2 Structure of predictive control

图3 L1RLS-ESN预测控制模型工作流程

Fig.3 Workflow chart of L1RLS-ESN predictive control model

图4 水泥熟料fCaO含量预测仿真结果

Fig.4 Simulation results of fCaO content prediction of cement clinker

表1 四种方法建立的熟料fCaO预测模型性能统计

Table 1 Performance statistics of clinker fCaO prediction model established by four methods

模型	RMSE	MAPE/%	MAE	MAXE
RESN	0.1852	15.63	0.1032	1.2021
L1-ESN	0.1569	13.21	0.0965	1.1962
RLS-ESN	0.1329	9.54	0.0758	1.0174
L1RLS-ESN	0.1159	8.72	0.0581	0.9834

图5 水泥熟料生产仿真平台运行界面

Fig.5 Interface of cement clinker production simulation platform

图6 PSO算法均方误差曲线

Fig.6 MSE curve of PSO algorithm

图7 fCaO含量预测控制

Fig.7 Predictive control chart of fCaO content

图8 两种预测控制模型误差

Fig.8 Error diagrams of two predictive control models

图9 控制量自适应变化

Fig.9 Adaptive variation chart of control volume

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