低共熔溶剂在电池和电催化中的应用

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20191071

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

绿色且高效的电池和电催化反应是可持续发展的基本要求，其关键因素之一在于选择能提高效率的绿色电解质和合成高效电极材料的绿色溶剂。低共熔溶剂（DESs）是一种新型环境友好的电解质和溶剂。与传统的溶剂和电解质（如离子液体、水、超临界二氧化碳）相比，DESs具有合成简便、价格低廉、可设计等优点，在电池和电催化领域有着广阔的应用前景。这方面的研究还处于起步阶段，未见有综述系统介绍。本综述内容包括以下几个部分。（1）DESs作为电池和电催化反应的电解质，其中电池包括太阳能电池、锂离子电池、钠电池、锌电池、铝电池、液流电池、超级电容器，电催化反应包括析氧反应、析氢反应、氧还原反应、全解水反应、氮气电催化反应、二氧化碳电还原反应；（2）DESs作为制备电池和电催化反应电极材料的溶剂；（3）DESs作为回收电极材料的溶剂；（4）结论和展望。

关键词: 低共熔溶剂, 锂离子电池, 电解质, 电化学, 燃料电池

Abstract:

Green and efficient battery and electrocatalytic reactions are essential requirements for sustainable development. Green and sustainable development is deemed as the demands of the new age, thus green battery and green electrocatalysis is urgently required. Achieving green and efficient battery and electrocatalytic reaction is a fundamental requirement for green chemistry and sustainable development. One of the key factors is the selection of electrolytes with high efficiency and the selection of solvents for synthesizing efficient electrode materials. Previous study mainly focused on the utilization of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and ionic liquids. However, the high volatility of VOCs would lead to high air pollution and thus endanger human health; the high price, high instability and complex synthesizing procedure of ionic liquids would also hinder the wide application of ionic liquids. Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) are new type of green electrolytes and solvents. Compared with traditional solvents and electrolytes (such as ionic liquids, water, and supercritical carbon dioxide), DESs have the advantages of simple synthesis, low price, high biocompatibility, and high designability. Therefore, DESs have great application prospects in the field of battery and electrocatalysis. However, there is not a large amount of literature reports or a review of systematical conclusion. It is necessary to review the field of DESs application in battery and electrocatalytic reaction. The contents of this review include (1) DESs as green electrolytes for batteries and electrocatalytic reaction, which includes solar cells, flow redox cell, lithium ion battery, aluminum battery, sodium battery, zinc battery, supercapacitor, carbon dioxide electroreduction, nitrogen electrocatalysis, oxygen reduction reaction, oxygen evolution reaction, hydrogen evolution reaction, water splitting reaction and ethanol electrochemical oxidation; (2) DESs for preparation electrode materials in battery and electrocatalytic reaction; (3) DESs as a solvent for recycling electrode materials; (4) Outlook and related issues. This review would be helpful to design new types of DESs for achieving efficient and green battery and electrocatalysis.

Key words: deep eutectic solvents, lithium-ion battery, electrolyte, electrochemistry, fuel cells

中图分类号:

TQ 150.1

陈钰, 牟天成. 低共熔溶剂在电池和电催化中的应用[J]. 化工学报, 2020, 71(1): 106-121.

Yu CHEN, Tiancheng MU. Application of deep eutectic solvents in battery and electrocatalysis[J]. CIESC Journal, 2020, 71(1): 106-121.

图/表 4

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