图1 脂肪酶三维结构示意图

Fig.1 3D structure diagram of lipase

图2 酶和底物结合方式

Fig.2 Combination mode of enzymatic and substrate

图3 双底物反应A+BP+Q反应机制示意图(图中E为酶分子)

Fig.3 Diagram of reaction mechanism of double substrate reaction A+BP+Q

图4 脂肪酶的催化水解反应机制

Fig.4 Reactive mechanism of hydrolysis reaction catalyzed by lipase

图5 填充式酶催化填料结构示意图

Fig.5 Diagram of packed structured enzyme catalytic packing

图6 负载酶催化剂前后的规整填料结构

Fig.6 Commercial gauze packing before and after coating lipase CalB

图7 隔壁酶反应精馏中试实验装置示意图

Fig.7 Pilot plant of enzymatic reactive dividing wall distillation

图8 超声酶反应精馏装置示意图

Fig.8 Scheme of ultrasound-assisted enzymatic reactive distillation process

图9 背包式反应精馏耦合型式

Fig.9 Schematic diagram of side-reactor reactive distillation process

图10 丁酸乙酯与正丁醇酯交换反应方程式

Fig.10 Reaction equation of transesterification of ethyl butyrate with n-butanol

图11 酶反应精馏制备丁酸丁酯合成工艺的操作窗口

Fig.11 Operating window of enzymatic reactive distillation for transesterification of ethyl butyrate

图12 酶反应精馏制备丁酸丁酯合成工艺中试实验装置

Fig.12 Polit-scale process equipment of preparation of butyl butyrate by enzymatic reactive distillation

图13 丁酸丁酯合成工艺过程酶反应精馏塔内各物质浓度和温度分布

Fig.13 Concentration and temperature profiles inside enzymatic reactive distillation column for transesterification of ethyl butyrate

图14 (R/S)-1-苯乙醇的动力学拆分反应方程式

Fig.14 Reaction equation of kinetic resolution of racemic (R/S)-1-phenylethanol

图15 酶反应精馏拆分(R/S)-1-苯乙醇时工艺条件操作窗口

Fig.15 Operating window of enzymatic reactive distillation for kinetic resolution of racemic (R/S)-1-phenylethanol

图16 酶反应精馏拆分(R/S)-1-苯乙醇工艺过程中酶反应精馏塔内各物质浓度、温度分布

Fig.16 Concentration and temperature profiles inside enzymatic reactive distillation column for kinetic resolution of racemic (R/S)-1-phenylethanol

图17 间歇酶反应精馏拆分(R/S)-2-戊醇装置

Fig.17 Scheme of batch reactive distillation setup of kinetic resolution of racemic (R/S)-2-pentanol

图18 (R/S)-2-戊醇的动力学拆分反应方程式

Fig.18 Reaction equation of kinetic resolution of racemic (R/S)-2-pentanol

图19 (R/S)-2-戊醇动力学拆分过程中间歇酶反应精馏塔塔顶和塔釜各物质浓度分布 (丁酸丙酯和(R/S)-2-戊醇进料摩尔比为2∶1，操作压力为(60~115)×102 Pa，总进料量800 g，塔釜反应温度为63℃)

Fig.19 Time dependent concentration progress curves of all reaction components in the bottom and top of column for kinetic resolution of (R/S)-2-pentanol

图20 (R/S)-2-戊醇与丁酸丙酯反应的间歇酶反应精馏塔塔顶组成分布 (操作压力为80×102 Pa，塔釜反应温度为70~74℃，总进料量800 g，丁酸丙酯和(R/S)-2-戊醇进料摩尔比为9∶1)

Fig.20 Molar fractions in the top of RD column for kinetic resolution of (R/S)-2-pentanol with propyl butyrate

图21 四种单一对映体化合物制备的小试实验装置

Fig.21 Reactive distillation miniplant of preparation of four enantiomers

图22 反应精馏小试实验装置内各物质纯度、浓度分布

Fig.22 Chiral purities and concentrations of components in reactive distillation miniplant