混合润湿性图案化铜基表面冷凝换热性能研究

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20201302

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

采用聚四氟乙烯纳米颗粒涂料在50 mm×100 mm铜基表面构造超疏水表面以及条纹图案混合润湿性表面。为探究条纹倾角对冷凝换热的影响，条纹与铜板宽度方向分别成90°与60°的混合润湿性表面被应用于实验中。实验结果表明，超疏水表面传热系数 $h d w c$ 与混合润湿性表面冷凝传热系数 $h h y b r i d$ 随换热温差 $Δ T s u b$ 增大而增大。同时， $h d w c$ 和 $h h y b r i d$ 与冷凝液的脱落频率存在强相关关系，脱落频率越高， $h d w c$ 、 $h h y b r i d$ 越大。超疏水表面冷凝液脱落频率低， $h d w c$ 在0~20 K的换热温差范围内始终低于膜状凝结。混合润湿性表面能有效强化超疏水表面的冷凝换热，条纹倾角为60°的表面在 $Δ T s u b$ 为11.3 K时测得最高传热系数16.64 $? k W / (m 2 ? K)$ ，是超疏水表面传热系数的2.14倍；而条纹倾角为90°的表面在 $Δ T s u b$ 为13.8 K时测得最高冷凝传热系数13.63 $k W / (m 2 ? K)$ ，是超疏水表面传热系数的1.68倍。

关键词: 凝结, 传热, 聚四氟乙烯, 纳米粒子, 织构, 超疏水, 混合润湿性表面

Abstract:

The study uses PTFE nanoparticle coatings to construct a super-hydrophobic surface and a striped pattern mixed wettable surface on a 50 mm×100 mm copper-based surface. In order to explore the influence of the inclination angle of the stripes on the condensation heat transfer, a mixed wettable surface with stripes and the width direction of the copper plate at 90° and 60° was used in the experiment. Besides, the width of the hydrophilic region and superhydrophobic region were both set to 1 mm, and the proportion of hydrophilic area were 48.8% and 48.7% respectively corresponding to the above-mentioned hybrid wettable surfaces. The condensation phenomena were recorded by a high-speed camera (Phantom, Miro Ex4). Dropwise condensation (DWC) was achieved on the super hydrophobic surface and superhydrophobic region of the hybrid wettable surfaces, while filmwise condensation (FWC) was observed on the hydrophilic region of the hybrid wettable surfaces. The result of the experiment indicated that the condensation heat transfer coefficient (HTC) of the super hydrophobic surface and the hybrid wettable surfaces has a strong correlation with the droplet departure rate and surface renewal. The faster the droplet departure rate is, the higher the condensation heat transfer coefficient will be. Moreover, due to the coarse textures of the superhydrophobic surface, the wetting model of droplets formed on the superhydrophobic surface tended to represent the Wenzel wetting model. As a result, the droplet departure rate and HTC of the superhydrophobic surface was lower than FWC when the condensation heat transfer temperature difference $Δ T s u b$ was in the range of 0—20 K. However, the hybrid wettable surfaces were able to enhance the HTC of the superhydrophobic surface by increasing condensation surface renewal owing to the liquid bridge departure. The highest HTC of 16.64 $k W / (m 2 ? K)$ and condensation heat flux of 188 $k W / m 2$ when $Δ T s u b$ was 11.3 K were observed on the hybrid wettable surface (60°-parallel-stripes pattern), whose HTC was 2.14-fold compared with that of the superhydrophobic surface. While an HTC of 13.63 $k W / (m 2 ? K)$ which was 1.68-fold compared with that of the superhydrophobic surface was observed on the hybrid wettable surface (90°-parallel-stripes pattern) when $Δ T s u b$ was 13.8 K.

Key words: condensation, heat transfer, PTFE, nanoparticle, fabrication, superhydrophobic, hybrid wettable surface

中图分类号:

TQ 026.2

朱丹丹, 许雄文, 刘金平, 卢炯. 混合润湿性图案化铜基表面冷凝换热性能研究[J]. 化工学报, 2021, 72(5): 2528-2546.

ZHU Dandan, XU Xiongwen, LIU Jinping, LU Jiong. Characteristic of condensation heat transfer of hybrid wettable patterned copper surfaces[J]. CIESC Journal, 2021, 72(5): 2528-2546.

图/表 2

参考文献 36

1	Rose J W. Surface tension effects and enhancement of condensation heat transfer[J]. Chemical Engineering Research and Design, 2004, 82(4): 419-429.
2	唐媛, 宋佳, 白杨, 等. 滴状冷凝的实现方法研究进展[J]. 浙江大学学报(工学版), 2018, 52(2): 273-287, 332.
	Tang Y, Song J, Bai Y, et al. Progress in implementation of dropwise condensation[J]. Journal of Zhejiang University (Engineering Science), 2018, 52(2): 273-287, 332.
3	Castillo J E, Weibel J A, Garimella S V. The effect of relative humidity on dropwise condensation dynamics[J]. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2015, 80: 759-766.
4	Torresin D, Tiwari M K, Del Col D, et al. Flow condensation on copper-based nanotextured superhydrophobic surfaces[J]. Langmuir, 2013, 29(2): 840-848.
5	Zhang S D, Zheng X L, Wang P, et al. Fabrication of super-hydrophobic micro-needle ZnO surface as corrosion barrier against corrosion in simulated condensation environment[J]. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 2020, 585: 124087.
6	Boreyko J B, Chen C H. Self-propelled dropwise condensate on superhydrophobic surfaces[J]. Physical Review Letters, 2009, 103(18): 184501.
7	Liu T Q, Sun W, Sun X Y, et al. Mechanism study of condensed drops jumping on super-hydrophobic surfaces[J]. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 2012, 414: 366-374.
8	Qu X, Boreyko J B, Liu F, et al. Self-propelled sweeping removal of dropwise condensate[J]. Applied Physics Letters, 2015, 106(22): 221601.
9	Cassie A B D, Baxter S. Wettability of porous surfaces[J]. Transactions of the Faraday Society, 1944, 40: 546-551.
10	Chen L, Wang S Y, Xiang X, et al. Mechanism of surface nanostructure changing wettability: a molecular dynamics simulation[J]. Computational Materials Science, 2020, 171: 109223.
11	李书宏, 冯琳, 李欢军, 等. 柱状结构阵列碳纳米管膜的超疏水性研究[J]. 高等学校化学学报, 2003, 24(2): 340-342.
	Li S H, Feng L, Li H J, et al. Super-hydrophobicity of post-like aligned carbon nanotube films[J]. Chemical Journal of Chinese Universities, 2003, 24(2): 340-342.
12	马福民, 郝全勇, 张燕, 等. 氧化还原法刻蚀制备铜基超疏水表面[J]. 科学技术与工程, 2013, 13(14): 3960-3962.
	Ma F M, Hao Q Y, Zhang Y, et al. Fabrication of copper-based superhydrophobic surface by redox etching[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2013, 13(14): 3960-3962.
13	Huang Y, Sarkar D K, Chen X G. Superhydrophobic aluminum alloy surfaces prepared by chemical etching process and their corrosion resistance properties[J]. Applied Surface Science, 2015, 356: 1012-1024.
14	吕公连, 贾晓峰. 分子自组装膜的应用研究[J]. 化学推进剂与高分子材料, 2001, (2): 9-12.
	Lyu G L, Jia X F. Research on application of molecular self-assembled membrane[J]. Chemical Propellants and Polymeric Materials, 2001, (2): 9-12.
15	都颖, 陈海杰, 成中军, 等. 分子自组装法制备具有可控浸润性的铜表面[J]. 高等学校化学学报, 2014, 35(1): 105-109.
	Du Y, Chen H J, Cheng Z J, et al. Preparation of copper surfaces with controlled wettability through the molecular self-assembling process [J]. Chemical Journal of Chinese Universities, 2014, 35(1): 105-109.
16	Xi W J, Qiao Z M, Zhu C L, et al. The preparation of lotus-like super-hydrophobic copper surfaces by electroplating[J]. Applied Surface Science, 2009, 255(9): 4836-4839.
17	曹凯, 张谦, 陈福明. 酸性镀铜法制备黄铜基超疏水表面[J]. 电镀与涂饰, 2014, 33(4): 137-141.
	Cao K, Zhang Q, Chen F M. Preparation of superhydrophobic brass surface by acidic copper plating[J]. Electroplating and Finishing, 2014, 33(4): 137-141.
18	Song H J, Zhang Z Z, Men X H. Superhydrophobic PEEK/PTFE composite coating[J]. Applied Physics A: Materials Science and Processing, 2008, 91(1): 73-76.
19	王海斌. 钢铁表面聚四氟乙烯功能涂层的制备及其性能研究[D]. 杭州: 浙江大学, 2015.
	Wang H B. Study on preparation of polytetrafluoroethylene function coatings on carbon steel surfaces and its performance[D]. Hangzhou: Zhejiang University, 2015.
20	李翔, 齐宝金, Nenad M, 等. 铜基纳米结构疏水表面冷凝传热实验研究[J]. 中国科技论文, 2017, 12(11): 1220-1224.
	Li X, Qi B J, Nenad M, et al. Experimental study on condensation heat transfer of copper-based nano-structure hydrophobic surfaces[J]. China Science Paper, 2017, 12(11): 1220-1224.
21	宋永吉, 任晓光, 任绍梅, 等. 水蒸气在超疏水表面上的冷凝传热[J]. 工程热物理学报, 2007, 28(1): 95-97.
	Song Y J, Ren X G, Ren S M, et al. Condensation heat transfer of steam on super-hydrophobic surfaces[J]. Journal of Engineering Thermophysics, 2007, 28(1): 95-97.
22	齐隽楠, 吴嘉峰, 陈亚平. 疏水表面蒸汽滴状冷凝传热实验分析[J]. 制冷技术, 2015, 35(3): 11-14.
	Qi J N, Wu J F, Chen Y P. Experimental analysis on dropwise condensation of steam on hydrophobic surfaces[J]. Chinese Journal of Refrigeration Technology, 2015, 35(3): 11-14.
23	Cheng J, Vandadi A, Chen C L. Condensation heat transfer on two-tier superhydrophobic surfaces[J]. Applied Physics Letters, 2012, 101(13): 131909.
24	Lan Z, Ma X H, Wang S F, et al. Effects of surface free energy and nanostructures on dropwise condensation[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2010, 156(3): 546-552.
25	张磊. 亲疏水表面相变传热的智能调控研究[D]. 北京: 中国科学院大学, 2019.
	Zhang L. Phase change heat transfer on surfaces with smartly-controllable wettability[D]. Beijing: University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2019.
26	Chatterjee A, Derby M M, Peles Y, et al. Condensation heat transfer on patterned surfaces[J]. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2013, 66: 889-897.
27	Chatterjee A, Derby M M, Peles Y, et al. Enhancement of condensation heat transfer with patterned surfaces[J]. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2014, 71(4): 675-681.
28	Yang K S, Lin K H, Tu C W, et al. Experimental investigation of moist air condensation on hydrophilic, hydrophobic, superhydrophilic, and hybrid hydrophobic-hydrophilic surfaces[J]. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2017, 115: 1032-1041.
29	Derby M M, Chatterjee A, Peles Y, et al. Flow condensation heat transfer enhancement in a mini-channel with hydrophobic and hydrophilic patterns[J]. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2014, 68: 151-160.
30	Peng B L, Ma X H, Lan Z, et al. Experimental investigation on steam condensation heat transfer enhancement with vertically patterned hydrophobic-hydrophilic hybrid surfaces[J]. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2015, 83: 27-38.
31	Peng B L, Ma X H, Lan Z, et al. Analysis of condensation heat transfer enhancement with dropwise-filmwise hybrid surface: droplet sizes effect[J]. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2014, 77: 785-794.
32	Ghosh A, Beaini S, Zhang B J, et al. Enhancing dropwise condensation through bioinspired wettability patterning[J]. Langmuir, 2014, 30(43): 13103-13115.
33	Mahapatra P S, Ghosh A, Ganguly R, et al. Key design and operating parameters for enhancing dropwise condensation through wettability patterning[J]. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2016, 92: 877-883.
34	Lo C W, Chu Y C, Yen M H, et al. Enhancing condensation heat transfer on three-dimensional hybrid surfaces[J]. Joule, 2019, 3(11): 2806-2823.
35	Alwazzan M, Egab K, Peng B L, et al. Condensation on hybrid-patterned copper tubes (Ⅰ): Characterization of condensation heat transfer[J]. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2017, 112: 991-1004.
36	Alwazzan M, Egab K, Peng B L, et al. Condensation on hybrid-patterned copper tubes (Ⅱ): Visualization study of droplet dynamics[J]. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2017, 112: 950-958.

[1]	苏伟, 马东旭, 金旭, 刘忠彦, 张小松. 表面润湿性对霜层传递特性影响可视化实验研究[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(S1): 122-131.
[2]	张双星, 刘舫辰, 张义飞, 杜文静. R-134a脉动热管相变蓄放热实验研究[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(S1): 165-171.
[3]	张义飞, 刘舫辰, 张双星, 杜文静. 超临界二氧化碳用印刷电路板式换热器性能分析[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(S1): 183-190.
[4]	陈爱强, 代艳奇, 刘悦, 刘斌, 吴翰铭. 基板温度对HFE7100液滴蒸发过程的影响研究[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(S1): 191-197.
[5]	刘明栖, 吴延鹏. 导光管直径和长度对传热影响的模拟分析[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(S1): 206-212.
[6]	王志国, 薛孟, 董芋双, 张田震, 秦晓凯, 韩强. 基于裂隙粗糙性表征方法的地热岩体热流耦合数值模拟与分析[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(S1): 223-234.
[7]	晁京伟, 许嘉兴, 李廷贤. 基于无管束蒸发换热强化策略的吸附热池的供热性能研究[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(S1): 302-310.
[8]	程成, 段钟弟, 孙浩然, 胡海涛, 薛鸿祥. 表面微结构对析晶沉积特性影响的格子Boltzmann模拟[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(S1): 74-86.
[9]	李艺彤, 郭航, 陈浩, 叶芳. 催化剂非均匀分布的质子交换膜燃料电池操作条件研究[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(9): 3831-3840.
[10]	王玉兵, 李杰, 詹宏波, 朱光亚, 张大林. R134a在菱形离散肋微小通道内的流动沸腾换热实验研究[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(9): 3797-3806.
[11]	齐聪, 丁子, 余杰, 汤茂清, 梁林. 基于选择吸收纳米薄膜的太阳能温差发电特性研究[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(9): 3921-3930.
[12]	李科, 文键, 忻碧平. 耦合蒸气冷却屏的真空多层绝热结构对液氢储罐自增压过程的影响机制研究[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(9): 3786-3796.
[13]	陈天华, 刘兆轩, 韩群, 张程宾, 李文明. 喷雾冷却换热强化研究进展及影响因素[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(8): 3149-3170.
[14]	洪瑞, 袁宝强, 杜文静. 垂直上升管内超临界二氧化碳传热恶化机理分析[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(8): 3309-3319.
[15]	仪显亨, 周骛, 蔡小舒, 蔡天意. 光纤后向动态光散射测量纳米颗粒的浓度适用范围研究[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(8): 3320-3328.