天然气脱碳技术研究进展

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20210855

化工学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 72 ›› Issue (12): 6030-6048.DOI: 10.11949/0438-1157.20210855

天然气脱碳技术研究进展

洪宗平^1,^2,⁴(),叶楚梅^1,²,吴洪^1,²(),张鹏^1,^2,⁴,段翠佳⁴,袁标⁴,严硕⁴,陈赞⁴(),姜忠义^1,^2,³()

^1.天津大学化工学院绿色合成与转化教育部重点实验室，天津 300072
^2.天津化学化工协同创新中心，天津 300072
^3.天津大学-新加坡国立大学福州联合学院，天津大学福州国际校区，福建福州 350207
^4.中海油天津化工研究设计院有限公司，天津 300131

收稿日期:2021-06-25 修回日期:2021-08-13 出版日期:2021-12-05 发布日期:2021-12-22
通讯作者: 吴洪,陈赞,姜忠义
作者简介:洪宗平（1989—），男，硕士研究生，hongzp2018@tju.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(U20B2023);国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFB0603400);高等学校学科创新引智计划2.0(BP0618007)

Research progress in CO₂ removal technology of natural gas

Zongping HONG^1,^2,⁴(),Chumei YE^1,²,Hong WU^1,²(),Peng ZHANG^1,^2,⁴,Cuijia DUAN⁴,Biao YUAN⁴,Shuo YAN⁴,Zan CHEN⁴(),Zhongyi JIANG^1,^2,³()

^1.Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
^2.Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
^3.Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Fuzhou 350207, Fujian, China
^4.CenerTech Tianjin Chemical Research and Design Institute Co. , Ltd. , Tianjin 300131, China

Received:2021-06-25 Revised:2021-08-13 Online:2021-12-05 Published:2021-12-22
Contact: Hong WU,Zan CHEN,Zhongyi JIANG

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

天然气是一种高燃烧热值的清洁能源，但开采出来的天然气中含有一定量的酸性气体CO₂，会造成热值降低、管道腐蚀等问题，因此在管道运输和使用前需对其进行脱碳处理。分别对低温精馏、溶剂吸收、吸附和膜分离四种脱碳技术进行了介绍，详析了每一种技术的工艺特点和典型工业应用情况，并从原料气进料条件、脱碳效率、能耗及成本等方面进行了分析比较，为不同实际工况脱碳工艺的选择提供指导，具有重要的工程意义。膜分离技术在装置占地面积、能耗及成本等方面具有一定优势，可灵活调变的级数工艺也使其能够实现高CO₂脱除率和低烃损失，具有良好的发展和应用前景，特别是适用于空间受限的场合，如在海上平台进行天然气脱碳处理。

关键词: 天然气, 二氧化碳捕集, 分离, 低温精馏, 吸收, 吸附, 膜

Abstract:

Natural gas is a kind of clean energy with high calorific value, but raw natural gas contains a certain amount of acid gas CO₂, which will cause problems like heating value reduction and pipeline corrosion. Therefore, it is necessary to remove CO₂from natural gas before subsequent transportation and utilization. This article introduces four decarburization technologies: cryogenic distillation, solvent absorption, adsorption and membrane separation. The process characteristics and typical industrial applications of each technology are analyzed in details and compared from the aspects of feed conditions of raw gas, removal efficiency, energy consumption and cost efficiency, which is of great engineering significance and provides guidance for the selection of separation processes in different actual conditions. Membrane separation technology has certain advantages of small equipment foot print, low energy consumption and high-cost efficiency. Moreover, the flexibility and adjustability of stages in membrane process enables it with high CO₂ removal rate and low hydrocarbon loss. Therefore, membrane separation technology exhibits good development and application prospects, which is especially suitable for space-limited applications, such as CO₂ removal from natural gas on offshore platform.

Key words: natural gas, CO₂ capture, separation, cryogenic distillation, absorption, adsorption, membrane

中图分类号:

TE 644

洪宗平, 叶楚梅, 吴洪, 张鹏, 段翠佳, 袁标, 严硕, 陈赞, 姜忠义. 天然气脱碳技术研究进展[J]. 化工学报, 2021, 72(12): 6030-6048.

Zongping HONG, Chumei YE, Hong WU, Peng ZHANG, Cuijia DUAN, Biao YUAN, Shuo YAN, Zan CHEN, Zhongyi JIANG. Research progress in CO₂ removal technology of natural gas[J]. CIESC Journal, 2021, 72(12): 6030-6048.

图/表 4

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天然气脱碳技术研究进展

Research progress in CO₂ removal technology of natural gas

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Research progress in CO2 removal technology of natural gas

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Research progress in CO₂ removal technology of natural gas