旋转膜过滤器内部流动特性数值模拟

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20221185

化工学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 74 ›› Issue (4): 1489-1498.DOI: 10.11949/0438-1157.20221185

旋转膜过滤器内部流动特性数值模拟

王晓萱¹(), 胡晓红¹^,²(), 陆雨楠³^,⁴, 王士勇³^,⁴, 凡凤仙¹^,²

^1.上海理工大学能源与动力工程学院，上海 200093
^2.上海市动力工程多相流动与传热重点实验室，上海 200093
^3.上海化工研究院有限公司，上海 200062
^4.全国石油和化工行业过滤与分离工程研究中心，上海 200062

收稿日期:2022-08-30 修回日期:2023-02-28 出版日期:2023-04-05 发布日期:2023-06-02
通讯作者: 胡晓红
作者简介:王晓萱(1998—)，女，硕士研究生，wangxx930999@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(51976130);上海市科委科研计划项目(13DZ2260900)

Numerical simulation of flow characteristics in a rotating membrane filter

Xiaoxuan WANG¹(), Xiaohong HU¹^,²(), Yunan LU³^,⁴, Shiyong WANG³^,⁴, Fengxian FAN¹^,²

^1.School of Energy and Power Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
^2.Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow and Heat Transfer in Power Engineering, Shanghai 200093, China
^3.Shanghai Research Institute of Chemical Industry Company Limited, Shanghai 200062, China
^4.National Petroleum and Chemical Industry Filtration and Separation Engineering Research Center, Shanghai 200062, China

Received:2022-08-30 Revised:2023-02-28 Online:2023-04-05 Published:2023-06-02
Contact: Xiaohong HU

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

基于计算流体力学方法对旋转膜过滤器内部层流与湍流场进行研究，利用多孔介质模型描述滤膜的渗透性对流动的影响，开展验证实验，确定滤膜阻力修正系数，并验证模型的可靠性。在此基础上，对过滤器内部流体的速度和压力分布进行数值分析，并探究滤膜转速对滤膜表面跨膜压力和剪切应力的影响。结果表明，滤膜表面流体无量纲角速度沿径向呈现中间区域基本保持不变，旋转轴附近有所降低，滤膜边缘附近略有升高的趋势；流动状态对滤膜上、下方间隙流体无黏核心区的无量纲角速度有重要影响。研究还发现，跨膜压力沿径向趋于下降，同种流动状态下，跨膜压力随滤膜转速的增大而减小；同一滤膜转速下，剪切应力沿径向线性增大，提高滤膜转速，剪切应力显著增加。

关键词: 过滤, 膜, 多孔介质, 数值模拟, 跨膜压力, 剪切应力

Abstract:

The laminar and turbulent flow fields in a rotating membrane filter was investigated based on the computational fluid dynamics method. The porous media model was applied to describe the effect of the membrane permeability on the flow behavior, and validation experiments were performed to determine the membrane resistance correction coefficient and to verify model reliability. On this basis, fluid velocity and pressure distributions in the filter were numerically analyzed, and effects of rotational speed of the membrane on the transmembrane pressure and shear stress over the membrane surface were explored. The results show that the variation of dimensionless angular velocity of the fluid along radial direction over membrane surface exhibits a tendency that it almost keeps constant in the middle region, decreases gradually near the rotation axis, and increases slightly near the edge of the membrane, and that the flow state has a significant influence on the dimensionless angular velocity in the non-viscous core of the interstitial fluid above and below the membrane. It is also found that the transmembrane pressure tends to decrease along the radial direction, while it decreases with the increasing rotational speed of the membrane under the same flow state. Moreover, the shear stress increases linearly along the radial direction at the same rotational speed of the membrane, and increasing the rotational speed of the membrane remarkably increases the shear stress.

Key words: filtration, membranes, porous medium, numerical simulation, transmembrane pressure, shear stress

中图分类号:

TQ 028.5

王晓萱, 胡晓红, 陆雨楠, 王士勇, 凡凤仙. 旋转膜过滤器内部流动特性数值模拟[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(4): 1489-1498.

Xiaoxuan WANG, Xiaohong HU, Yunan LU, Shiyong WANG, Fengxian FAN. Numerical simulation of flow characteristics in a rotating membrane filter[J]. CIESC Journal, 2023, 74(4): 1489-1498.

图/表 13

图1 过滤器物理模型

Fig.1 Physical model of the filter

表1 过滤器及滤膜参数取值

Table 1 Values of parameters for the filter and membrane

模型参数	数值
筒体直径D/mm	200
筒体高度H/mm	80
滤膜直径d_m/mm	150
滤膜厚度δ_m/mm	6
滤膜上表面与筒体顶面的间距H₁/mm	66
滤膜下表面与筒体底面的间距H₂/mm	8
滤膜平均孔径d_p/μm	2
滤膜平均孔隙率ε_p	0.4
旋转轴直径d_s/mm	20
进口管道直径d_in/mm	20
进口管道长度l_in/mm	30
出口管道直径d_out/mm	15
出口管道长度l_out/mm	20

图2 网格划分示意图

Fig.2 Schematic diagram of meshing

图3 不同网格数目下流体无量纲角速度随无量纲距离的变化

Fig.3 Dependence of dimensionless angular velocity of fluid on dimensionless distance at different cell numbers

图4 实验系统示意图

Fig.4 Schematic diagram of experimental system

图5 渗透通量随滤膜阻力修正系数的变化

Fig.5 Permeate flux as a function of membrane resistance correction coefficient

图6 不同滤膜转速下渗透通量模拟结果与实验数据的对比

Fig.6 Comparison of numerically obtained permeate flux with experimental data at different rotational speeds of membrane

图7 滤膜表面流体无量纲角速度云图

Fig.7 Dimensionless angular velocity contour of fluid over membrane surface

图8 滤膜表面流体无量纲角速度沿径向的变化（n = 348 r/min)

Fig.8 Variation of dimensionless angular velocity of fluid over membrane surface along radial direction （n = 348 r/min)

图9 不同滤膜转速下流体无量纲角速度随无量纲距离的变化(θ = 0, r/R = 0.4）

Fig.9 Dependence of dimensionless angular velocity of fluid on dimensionless distance at different rotational speeds of membrane(θ = 0, r/R = 0.4）

图10 滤膜上、下表面及滤液通道压力分布

Fig.10 Pressure distributions over upper and lower membrane surfaces and in filtrate channel

图11 不同滤膜转速下跨膜压力沿径向的变化

Fig.11 Variation of transmembrane pressure along radial direction at different rotational speeds of membrane

图12 不同滤膜转速下表面剪切应力沿径向的变化

Fig.12 Variation of surface shear stress along radial direction at different rotational speeds of membrane

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旋转膜过滤器内部流动特性数值模拟

Numerical simulation of flow characteristics in a rotating membrane filter

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