不同截面肋柱-软尾结构单相流动传热比较

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20240068

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

基于任意拉格朗日-欧拉（ALE）方法，利用动网格技术和重叠网格技术数值模拟研究了不同Reynolds数、截面形状以及长径比下的肋柱-软尾结构在通道中的双向流固耦合换热问题。模拟工况为：Reynolds数Re = 200，275，351；肋柱截面形状：圆形和方形；长径比k = 2，3，4。研究表明：Re = 275时圆形截面肋柱-软尾结构的流动换热综合能力优于方形截面结构，k = 3时圆形截面肋柱-软尾结构的流动换热综合能力最佳，肋柱周围的局部换热能力方形截面结构好于圆形截面结构；k = 3时，随着Reynolds数的增大，不同截面形状的肋柱-软尾结构的流动换热综合能力逐渐升高，并且高Reynolds数、高长径比的圆形截面综合流动换热能力最佳；与不加软尾肋柱结构的流动换热能力进行对比发现，对于圆形截面形状的肋柱结构，增加软尾后综合换热能力增大了19.46%。

关键词: 任意拉格朗日-欧拉方法, 动网格, 数值模拟, 弹性, 层流, 热流固耦合, 强化换热

Abstract:

Enhanced heat transfer technique using vortex-induced vibration is an effective way to realize the cooling of heat exchange equipment. In this paper, based on the arbitrary Lagrange-Euler (ALE) algorithm, the two-way fluid-structure-interaction and heat transfer problem in the channel of rib-soft tail structure with different Reynolds numbers, different cross-sectional shapes, and different length-to-diameter ratios is investigated by using numerical simulations with dynamic mesh and overset mesh technique, and the main research objects are the flow and heat transfer characteristics around the rib-soft tail structure, the heat transfer characteristics of the ribbed heated wall, and the integrated flow and heat transfer capacity of the whole channel. The simulation working conditions are: Reynolds number Re = 200, 275, 351; rib cross-sectional shapes: circular and square; length-to-diameter ratio k = 2, 3, 4. The results show that, at Reynolds number Re = 275, the flow-heat transfer capability of the rib-soft tail structure with circular cross-section is better than that of the structure with square cross-section, and the rib-soft tail structure with circular cross-section is optimal when the length-to-diameter ratio k = 3; and the local heat transfer capacity around the rib is better for square cross-section structure than for circular ones. With the increase of Reynolds number at the length-to-diameter ratio k = 3, the combined flow-heat transfer capacity of rib-soft tail structure with different cross-sections increases gradually. Moreover, the integrated flow heat transfer capacity of circular cross-section with high Reynolds number and high length-to-diameter ratio is the best. Comparing the flow-heat transfer capacity with a rib structure without soft tail, for the circular cross-section rib structure, the integrated heat transfer capacity increases by 19.46% after adding the soft tail structure, whereas for the square cross-section rib, the capacity decreases slightly after adding the soft-tail. This provides a theoretical basis for studying the cooling design of heat exchange equipment.

Key words: arbitrary Lagrange-Euler Algorithm, dynamic mesh, numerical simulation, elasticity, laminar flow, heat-fluid-solid coupling, enhanced heat transfer

中图分类号:

TK 124

谢磊, 徐永生, 林梅. 不同截面肋柱-软尾结构单相流动传热比较[J]. 化工学报, 2024, 75(5): 1787-1801.

Lei XIE, Yongsheng XU, Mei LIN. Comparative study on single-phase flow and heat transfer of different cross-section rib-soft tail structures[J]. CIESC Journal, 2024, 75(5): 1787-1801.

图/表 19

图1 计算几何模型示意图（方柱）

Fig.1 Schematic of computational geometry model (square rib)

图2 网格划分示意图

Fig.2 Schematic diagram of meshing

图3 网格无关性验证

Fig.3 Verification of mesh independence

表1 软尾自由端的振幅、周期和频率

Table 1 Amplitude， period and frequency of free end of the soft tail

来源	振幅A/mm	周期T₀/s	频率f/Hz
文献^[28]	12.475	0.320	3.13
文献^[29]	9.843	0.319	3.14
本研究	10.361	0.314	3.18

图4 不同截面形状、不同长径比对温度场、涡量场和速度场的影响（Re=275）

Fig.4 Effect of different cross-sectional shapes and length-to-diameter ratios on temperature, vorticity and velocity fields (Re = 275)

图5 加热壁面平均温度的变化

Fig.5 Average temperature change of heated wall surface

图6 加热壁面局部Nusselt数（Nu）的分布情况

Fig.6 Distribution of localized Nusselt numbers on heated wall surface

图7 两种截面流动和传热特性比较

Fig.7 Comparison of flow heat transfer performances for two cross-sectional channels

图8 不同截面形状、不同长径比对压力场的影响（Re=275）

Fig.8 Effect of different cross-sectional shapes and length-to-diameter ratios on pressure fields (Re = 275)

图9 综合换热因子J的变化情况

Fig.9 Variation of integrated heat transfer factor J

图10 涡脱频率fv的变化

Fig.10 Variation of vortex shedding frequency fv

图11 不同Reynolds数、不同截面形状肋柱的温度场、涡量场和速度场的变化 (k = 3)

Fig.11 Variation of temperature, vorticity and velocity fields for different Reynolds numbers and cross-section shapes (k = 3)

图12 加热壁面平均温度随Reynolds数的变化

Fig.12 Variation of average temperature of heated wall surface with Reynolds numbers

图13 不同Reynolds数下方柱的温度场、涡量场和速度场变化（k = 2）

Fig.13 Variation of temperature, vorticity and velocity fields of square rib at different Reynolds numbers (k = 2)

图14 肋柱通道流动传热特性随Reynolds数的变化

Fig.14 Variation of flow and heat transfer performance for rib channels with Reynolds numbers

图15 综合换热因子J随Reynolds数的变化

Fig.15 Variation of integrated heat transfer factor J with Reynolds numbers

表2 长径比k = 0和4的流动换热参数对比

Table 2 Comparison of flow and heat transfer parameters for length-to-diameter ratio k = 0 and 4

参数	方形截面肋柱		圆形截面肋柱
参数	k = 0	k = 4	k = 0	k = 4
Nu_xt	7.867	7.271	11.797	8.398
f_d	0.177	0.164	0.207	0.123
J	44.337	44.208	56.975	68.064

图16 方柱结构在一个摆动周期内不同时刻温度云图、涡量云图、速度云图和压力云图变化情况（Re = 351, k = 4）

Fig.16 Variation of temperature, vorticity, velocity and pressure contours of square rib at different moments during an oscillation period (Re = 351, k = 4)

图17 局部Nusselt数变化情况（方柱）

Fig.17 Variation of localized Nusselt number (square rib)

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