Multiscale screening of ionic liquids as extractive solvents for oil-hydroxybenzene separation

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20221062

Abstract

Abstract:

Ionic liquids have been widely used as extractive solvents for the separation of oil-hydroxybenzene mixtures. However, due to the adjustability of cation and anion, the properties of different ionic liquids vary greatly. It is essential to quickly screen ionic liquids with application prospects. For the m-cresol-cumene separation system, the influences of different cation and anion structures on the separation performance of ionic liquids was investigated by COSMO-RS model, and the separation mechanism was analyzed by intermolecular interaction energy. On this basis, a multiscale ionic liquid screening method including the calculation of infinite dilution thermodynamic properties, the estimation of physical properties, the calculation of phase equilibria, and the evaluation of process performance was proposed. The multiscale method gradually screens ionic liquids from molecular scale to single-stage equilibrium scale, and then to multi-stage equilibrium scale. The results show that 1-ethyl-pyridinium thiocyanate ([C₂py][SCN]) and 1-ethyl-pyridinium dicyanamide ([C₂py][DCA]) are two ionic liquids with more application prospects for the separation of oleophenol obtained by final screening.

Key words: ionic liquids, COSMO-RS model, phase equilibria, process simulation, m-cresol-cumene, separation

摘要：

离子液体作为萃取溶剂已广泛用于油酚混合物的分离，但由于阴阳离子的可调控性，不同离子液体的性质差异较大，快速筛选得到具有应用前景的离子液体至关重要。针对间甲酚-异丙苯分离体系，采用COSMO-RS模型考察不同阴阳离子结构对离子液体分离性能的影响，并通过分子间相互作用能进行分析。在此基础上，提出一种多尺度的离子液体筛选方法，该方法包含无限稀释热力学性质计算、物性估算、相平衡关系计算和过程性能评价。该多尺度方法从分子尺度到单级平衡尺度，再到多级平衡尺度对离子液体进行逐步筛选。结果表明，1-乙基吡啶硫氰酸盐([C₂py][SCN])和1-乙基吡啶双氰胺盐([C₂py][DCA])是最终筛选得到的两种更具有油酚分离应用前景的离子液体。

关键词: 离子液体, COSMO-RS模型, 相平衡, 过程模拟, 间甲酚-异丙苯, 分离

CLC Number:

TQ 021.8

Qian LIU, Xianglan ZHANG, Zhiping LI, Zhuoqi LI, Hong YU. Multiscale screening of ionic liquids as extractive solvents for oil-hydroxybenzene separation[J]. CIESC Journal, 2022, 73(11): 5011-5024.

刘潜, 张香兰, 李志平, 栗卓琦, 喻红. 油酚分离过程离子液体萃取溶剂的多尺度筛选[J]. 化工学报, 2022, 73(11): 5011-5024.

Figures/Tables 19

Table 1 Names and abbreviations of cations

Cations	Names	Abbreviations
[C01]	1-ethyl-3-methyl-imidazolium	[C₂mim]⁺
[C02]	1-propyl-3-methyl-imidazolium	[C₃mim]⁺
[C03]	1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium	[C₄mim]⁺
[C04]	1-pentyl-3-methyl-imidazolium	[C₅mim]⁺
[C05]	1-hexyl-3-methyl-imidazolium	[C₆mim]⁺
[C06]	1-ethyl-pyridinium	[C₂py]⁺
[C07]	1-propyl-pyridinium	[C₃py]⁺
[C08]	1-butyl-pyridinium	[C₄py]⁺
[C09]	1-pentyl-pyridinium	[C₅py]⁺
[C10]	1-hexyl-pyridinium	[C₆py]⁺
[C11]	1-ethyl-1-methyl-pyrrolidinium	[C₂mpyr]⁺
[C12]	1-propyl-1-methyl-pyrrolidinium	[C₃mpyr]⁺
[C13]	1-butyl-1-methyl-pyrrolidinium	[C₄mpyr]⁺
[C14]	1-pentyl-1-methyl-pyrrolidinium	[C₅mpyr]⁺
[C15]	1-hexyl-1-methyl-pyrrolidinium	[C₆mpyr]⁺
[C16]	1-ethyl-1-methyl-piperidinium	[C₂mpip]⁺
[C17]	1-propyl-1-methyl-piperidinium	[C₃mpip]⁺
[C18]	1-butyl-1-methyl-piperidinium	[C₄mpip]⁺
[C19]	1-pentyl-1-methyl-piperidinium	[C₅mpip]⁺
[C20]	1-hexyl-1-methyl-piperidinium	[C₆mpip]⁺
[C21]	4-ethyl-4-methyl-morpholinium	[C₂mmor]⁺
[C22]	4-propyl-4-methyl-morpholinium	[C₃mmor]⁺
[C23]	4-butyl-4-methyl-morpholinium	[C₄mmor]⁺
[C24]	4-pentyl-4-methyl-morpholinium	[C₅mmor]⁺
[C25]	4-hexyl-4-methyl-morpholinium	[C₆mmor]⁺
[C26]	ethyl-trimethyl-ammonium	[N₂₁₁₁]⁺
[C27]	propyl-trimethyl-ammonium	[N₃₁₁₁]⁺
[C28]	butyl-trimethyl-ammonium	[N₄₁₁₁]⁺
[C29]	pentyl-trimethyl-ammonium	[N₅₁₁₁]⁺
[C30]	hexyl-trimethyl-ammonium	[N₆₁₁₁]⁺

Table 2 Names and abbreviations of anions

Anions	Names	Abbreviations
[A01]	acetate	[Ac]^-
[A02]	chloride	[Cl]^-
[A03]	bromide	[Br]^-
[A04]	hydrogen sulfate	[HSO₄]^-
[A05]	methyl sulfate	[MeSO₄]^-
[A06]	ethyl sulfate	[EtSO₄]^-
[A07]	dicyanamide	[DCA]^-
[A08]	thiocyanate	[SCN]^-
[A09]	tricyanomethane	[C(CN)₃]^-
[A10]	nitrate	[NO₃]^-
[A11]	tetrafluoroborate	[BF₄]^-
[A12]	hexafluorophosphate	[PF₆]^-

Fig.1 Separation performance of ionic liquids with different cations at infinite dilution

Fig.2 Interaction energy between pyridine ionic liquids with different alkyl carbon numbers and m-cresol, and cumene

Fig.3 Separation performance of ionic liquids with different anions at infinite dilution

Fig.4 Interaction energy between ionic liquids with different anions and m-cresol

Fig.5 Flowsheet of ionic liquid multiscale screening method

Fig.6 Thermodynamic properties of 360 ionic liquids and glycol at infinite dilution

Fig.7 47 prescreened ionic liquids by infinite dilution thermodynamic properties

Fig.8 Melting point and viscosity of 47 prescreened ionic liquids

Table 3 7 ionic liquids screened after the first two steps by infinite dilution thermodynamic properties and physical property constraints （with glycol as the benchmark）

IL	$C m ∞$	$S m ∞$	$W 1 ∞$	$W 2 ∞$	T_m/K	η/cP
[C₂mim][DCA]	19.87	728.37	0.0281	7.66×10^-4	275.58	19.91
[C₃mim][DCA]	19.99	584.74	0.0375	1.32×10^-3	271.82	23.23
[C₂py][DCA]	14.53	825.36	0.0181	5.44×10^-4	263.55	20.47
[C₃py][DCA]	16.46	628.81	0.0284	1.07×10^-3	259.79	23.88
[C₃mim][SCN]	21.66	515.33	0.0429	1.33×10^-3	297.27	52.05
[C₂py][SCN]	21.08	686.24	0.0285	5.57×10^-4	288.99	45.85
[C₃py][SCN]	18.53	567.55	0.0334	1.09×10^-3	285.24	53.51
Glycol	3.35	80.66	0.0508	1.44×10^-3	260.25	17.33

Table 3 7 ionic liquids screened after the first two steps by infinite dilution thermodynamic properties and physical property constraints （with glycol as the benchmark）

IL	$C m ∞$	$S m ∞$	$W 1 ∞$	$W 2 ∞$	T_m/K	η/cP
[C₂mim][DCA]	19.87	728.37	0.0281	7.66×10^-4	275.58	19.91
[C₃mim][DCA]	19.99	584.74	0.0375	1.32×10^-3	271.82	23.23
[C₂py][DCA]	14.53	825.36	0.0181	5.44×10^-4	263.55	20.47
[C₃py][DCA]	16.46	628.81	0.0284	1.07×10^-3	259.79	23.88
[C₃mim][SCN]	21.66	515.33	0.0429	1.33×10^-3	297.27	52.05
[C₂py][SCN]	21.08	686.24	0.0285	5.57×10^-4	288.99	45.85
[C₃py][SCN]	18.53	567.55	0.0334	1.09×10^-3	285.24	53.51
Glycol	3.35	80.66	0.0508	1.44×10^-3	260.25	17.33

Fig.9 COSMO-RS calculated separation performance at different feed compositions of 7 ionic liquids screened after steps 1 and 2

Table 4 Molecular weights， normal boiling points， critical properties， acentric factors， and densities of 3 ionic liquids

IL	MW/(g·mol^-1)	T_b/K	T_c/K	P_c/bar	V_c/(cm³·mol^-1)	ω	ρ/(g·cm^-3)
[C₂mim][DCA]	177.2	670.64	998.48	35.1	562.0	0.3548	1.0750
[C₂py][DCA]	174.2	736.28	1123.34	32.6	571.1	0.2336	1.0243
[C₂py][SCN]	166.2	676.19	926.58	29.0	554.7	0.6922	1.0970

Table 5 Polynomial coefficients of ideal gas heat capacity of 3 ionic liquids

IL	A₀/(J·mol^-1·K^-1)	A₁/(J·mol^-1·K^-2)	A₂/(J·mol^-1·K^-3)	A₃/(J·mol^-1·K^-4)
[C₂mim][DCA]	13.371	0.76460	-3.728×10^-4	-3.68×10^-8
[C₂py][DCA]	20.691	0.66048	-2.091×10^-4	-4.43×10^-8
[C₂py][SCN]	-22.939	0.56668	-7.310×10^-5	-8.73×10^-8

Table 6 NRTL parameters and RMSD values of three ｛ionic liquid + m-cresol + cumene｝ ternary systems

Component	NRTL parameters/K					RMSD
i-j	a_ij	a_ji	b_ij	b_ji	c_ij	RMSD
{[C₂mim][DCA] (1) + m-cresol (2) + cumene (3)}
1-2	3.57	-1.77	684.03	-299.00	0.3	0.0139
1-3	2.48	-3.42	-108.54	2630.06	0.2
2-3	28.46	-7.23	5067.29	2902.47	0.3
{[C₂py][DCA] (1) + m-cresol (2) + cumene (3)}
1-2	0.65	-1.64	1459.52	-351.76	0.3	0.0157
1-3	2.38	-2.47	39.90	2356.43	0.2
2-3	37.04	-6.78	5271.13	2685.83	0.3
{[C₂py][SCN] (1) + m-cresol (2) + cumene (3)}
1-2	4.18	-0.87	974.17	-637.33	0.3	0.0178
1-3	4.46	-1.63	-513.91	2097.21	0.2
2-3	15.66	-5.45	5657.96	2101.41	0.3

Fig.10 Process simulation flowsheet for the separation of m-cresol and cumene using ionic liquids as the extractive solvent

Fig.11 Mass ratio of solvent-to-feed (S/F) as a function of the number of stages in the extraction column to meet the separation requirements of m-cresol and cumene

Fig.12 Recovery ratio of cumene as a function of the number of stages in the extraction column when meeting the separation requirements of m-cresol and cumene

Table 7 Main results of process simulation for the separation of m-cresol and cumene using 3 ionic liquids

Extraction column (298.15 K, 1 ×10⁵ Pa, 8 stages)			Distillation column (0.005 ×10⁵ Pa)					Cumene product		m-Cresol product
IL	IL makeup/ (kg·h^-1)	IL in recycle/ (kg·h^-1)	Operating conditions				Heat duty/ kW	Recovery ratio/ %	Mass purity/ %	Recovery ratio/ %	Mass purity/ %
IL	IL makeup/ (kg·h^-1)	IL in recycle/ (kg·h^-1)	D∶F	NS	FS	RR	Heat duty/ kW	Recovery ratio/ %	Mass purity/ %	Recovery ratio/ %	Mass purity/ %
[C₂mim][DCA]	1.63	6498.37	0.3479	8	3	0.42	1215.23 ^①	93.43	99.99	99.99	86.69
[C₂mim][DCA]	1.63	6498.37	0.9981	7	3	0.18	769.94 ^②	93.43	99.99	99.99	86.69
[C₂py][DCA]	1.17	4197.59	0.4403	8	3	0.45	1126.48 ^①	95.84	99.99	99.99	91.15
[C₂py][DCA]	1.17	4197.59	0.9981	6	3	0.11	698.65 ^②	95.84	99.99	99.99	91.15
[C₂py][SCN]	0.73	5999.27	0.3522	6	3	0.25	1027.74 ^①	96.37	99.99	99.99	92.16
[C₂py][SCN]	0.73	5999.27	0.9981	7	3	0.17	727.01 ^②	96.37	99.99	99.99	92.16

References 45

1	Ji Y A, Hou Y C, Ren S H, et al. Separation of phenolic compounds from oil mixtures using environmentally benign biological reagents based on Brønsted acid-Lewis base interaction [J]. Fuel, 2019, 239: 926-934.
2	Yao C F, Hou Y C, Ren S H, et al. Efficient separation of phenol from model oils using environmentally benign quaternary ammonium-based zwitterions via forming deep eutectic solvents [J]. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2017, 326: 620-626.
3	Yi L, Feng J, Li W Y, et al. High-performance separation of phenolic compounds from coal-based liquid oil by deep eutectic solvents[J]. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, 2019, 7(8): 7777-7783.
4	Jiao T T, Qin X Z, Zhang H W, et al. Separation of phenol and pyridine from coal tar via liquid-liquid extraction using deep eutectic solvents [J]. Chemical Engineering Research and Design, 2019, 145: 112-121.
5	Gai H J, Qiao L, Zhong C Y, et al. A solvent based separation method for phenolic compounds from low-temperature coal tar [J]. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2019, 223: 1-11.
6	侯玉翠, 彭威, 杨春梅, 等. 咪唑基离子液体萃取分离模拟油酚混合物 [J]. 化工学报, 2013, 64(S1): 118-123.
	Hou Y C, Peng W, Yang C M, et al. Extraction of phenolic compounds from simulated oil with imidazolium based ionic liquids [J]. CIESC Journal, 2013, 64(S1): 118-123.
7	Hou Y C, Ren Y H, Peng W, et al. Separation of phenols from oil using imidazolium-based ionic liquids [J]. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 2013, 52(50): 18071-18075.
8	Ji Y A, Hou Y C, Ren S H, et al. Highly efficient extraction of phenolic compounds from oil mixtures by trimethylamine-based dicationic ionic liquids via forming deep eutectic solvents [J]. Fuel Processing Technology, 2018, 171: 183-191.
9	Ji Y A, Hou Y C, Ren S H, et al. Highly efficient separation of phenolic compounds from oil mixtures by imidazolium-based dicationic ionic liquids via forming deep eutectic solvents [J]. Energy & Fuels, 2017, 31(9): 10274-10282.
10	Yao C F, Hou Y C, Ren S H, et al. Efficient separation of phenolic compounds from model oils by dual-functionalized ionic liquids [J]. Chemical Engineering and Processing - Process Intensification, 2018, 128: 216-222.
11	Zhu C, Li F F, Zhang J, et al. Performance of functionalized ionic liquid with double chemical sites for separating phenolic compounds: mechanism and liquid-liquid behavior studies [J]. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 2021, 9(6): 106790.
12	Xu D M, Zhong P, Peng L J, et al. Multiscale evaluation of the efficiently separation of phenols using a designed cationic functionalized ionic liquid based on Brønsted/Lewis coordination [J]. Journal of Molecular Liquids, 2022, 345: 117901.
13	Xu D M, Wang S X, Zhang T, et al. Extraction and interaction insights for enhanced separation of phenolic compounds from model coal tar using a hydroxyl-functionalized ionic liquid [J]. Chemical Engineering Research and Design, 2022, 178: 567-574.
14	Song Z, Zhou T, Zhang J N, et al. Screening of ionic liquids for solvent-sensitive extraction -with deep desulfurization as an example [J]. Chemical Engineering Science, 2015, 129: 69-77.
15	董一春. 离子液体预测型热力学模型及其在萃取精馏分离甲缩醛和甲醇中的应用[D]. 北京: 北京化工大学, 2020.
	Dong Y C. Predictive thermodynamics models for ionic liquids and their application in the separation of methylal and methanol mixture by extractive distillation [D]. Beijing: Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 2020.
16	Anantharaj R, Banerjee T. Quantum chemical studies on the simultaneous interaction of thiophene and pyridine with ionic liquid [J]. AIChE Journal, 2011, 57(3): 749-764.
17	Song Z, Zhang C Y, Qi Z W, et al. Computer-aided design of ionic liquids as solvents for extractive desulfurization [J]. AIChE Journal, 2018, 64(3): 1013-1025.
18	Song Z, Li X X, Chao H, et al. Computer-aided ionic liquid design for alkane/cycloalkane extractive distillation process[J]. Green Energy & Environment, 2019, 4(2): 154-165.
19	Diedenhofen M, Klamt A. COSMO-RS as a tool for property prediction of IL mixtures— a review [J]. Fluid Phase Equilibria, 2010, 294(1-2): 31-38.
20	Qin H, Wang Z H, Zhou T, et al. Comprehensive evaluation of COSMO-RS for predicting ternary and binary ionic liquid-containing vapor-liquid equilibria [J]. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 2021, 60(48): 17761-17777.
21	Lyu Z X, Zhou T, Chen L F, et al. Simulation based ionic liquid screening for benzene-cyclohexane extractive separation [J]. Chemical Engineering Science, 2014, 113: 45-53.
22	Gao S R, Chen X C, Abro R, et al. Desulfurization of fuel oil: conductor-like screening model for real solvents study on capacity of ionic liquids for thiophene and dibenzothiophene [J]. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 2015, 54(38): 9421-9430.
23	Song Z, Zhang J J, Zeng Q, et al. Effect of cation alkyl chain length on liquid-liquid equilibria of {ionic liquids + thiophene + heptane}: COSMO-RS prediction and experimental verification [J]. Fluid Phase Equilibria, 2016, 425: 244-251.
24	张志刚, 张德彪, 张亲亲, 等. 基于COSMO-RS方法筛选离子液体分离乙酸乙酯-乙腈共沸物 [J]. 化工学报, 2019, 70(1): 146-153.
	Zhang Z G, Zhang D B, Zhang Q Q, et al. Screening of ionic liquids for separation of ethyl acetate-acetonitrile azeotrope based on COSMO-RS [J]. CIESC Journal, 2019, 70(1): 146-153.
25	Liu Q, Zhang X L, Li W. Separation of m-cresol from aromatic hydrocarbon and alkane using ionic liquids via hydrogen bond interaction [J]. Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2019, 27(11): 2675-2686.
26	刘潜, 张香兰, 李巍. 基于COSMO-RS模型的分离油酚混合物的离子液体萃取剂筛选 [J]. 化工学报, 2018, 69(12): 5100-5111.
	Liu Q, Zhang X L, Li W. Screening ionic liquids solvent for separation of oil and hydroxybenzene mixtures based on COSMO-RS model [J]. CIESC Journal, 2018, 69(12): 5100-5111.
27	Liu Q, Bi J, Zhang X L. Effect of water on phenol separation from model oil with ionic liquids based on COSMO-RS calculation and experimental study [J]. ACS Omega, 2021, 6(41): 27368-27378.
28	Liu Q, Zhang X L. Highly efficient separation of phenolic compounds from low-temperature coal tar by composite extractants with low viscosity [J]. Journal of Molecular Liquids, 2022, 360: 119417.
29	Song Z, Zhou T, Qi Z W, et al. Systematic method for screening ionic liquids as extraction solvents exemplified by an extractive desulfurization process [J]. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, 2017, 5(4): 3382-3389.
30	Kulajanpeng K, Suriyapraphadilok U, Gani R. Systematic screening methodology and energy efficient design of ionic liquid-based separation processes [J]. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2016, 111: 93-107.
31	Qin Z X, Cheng H Y, Song Z, et al. Selection of deep eutectic solvents for extractive deterpenation of lemon essential oil [J]. Journal of Molecular Liquids, 2022, 350: 118524.
32	Qin H, Cheng J, Yu H T, et al. Hierarchical ionic liquid screening integrating COSMO-RS and Aspen Plus for selective recovery of hydrofluorocarbons and hydrofluoroolefins from a refrigerant blend [J]. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 2022, 61(11): 4083-4094.
33	Jiang C H, Cheng H Y, Qin Z X, et al. COSMO-RS prediction and experimental verification of 1,5-pentanediamine extraction from aqueous solution by ionic liquids [J]. Green Energy & Environment, 2021, 6(3): 422-431.
34	吴明尧. 基于季铵盐低共熔溶剂的柑橘精油脱萜过程研究[D]. 上海: 华东理工大学, 2021.
	Wu M Y. Extractive deterpenation of citrus essential oils using quaternary ammonium-based deep eutectic solvents[D]. Shanghai: East China University of Science and Technology, 2021.
35	Song Z, Hu X T, Zhou Y G, et al. Rational design of double salt ionic liquids as extraction solvents: separation of thiophene/n-octane as example [J]. AIChE Journal, 2019, 65(8): e16625.
36	Lazzús J A. A group contribution method to predict the melting point of ionic liquids [J]. Fluid Phase Equilibria, 2012, 313: 1-6.
37	Lazzús J A, Pulgar-Villarroel G. A group contribution method to estimate the viscosity of ionic liquids at different temperatures [J]. Journal of Molecular Liquids, 2015, 209: 161-168.
38	Huang Y, Dong H F, Zhang X P, et al. A new fragment contribution-corresponding states method for physicochemical properties prediction of ionic liquids [J]. AIChE Journal, 2013, 59(4): 1348-1359.
39	Nancarrow P, Lewis M, AbouChacra L. Group contribution methods for estimation of ionic liquid heat capacities: critical evaluation and extension [J]. Chemical Engineering & Technology, 2015, 38(4): 632-644.
40	Liu X K, Zhang X L. Solvent screening and liquid-liquid measurement for extraction of phenols from aromatic hydrocarbon mixtures [J]. The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics, 2019, 129: 12-21.
41	Li A, Zhu C, Zhang L Z, et al. Efficient extraction and theoretical insights for separating o-, m-, and p-cresol from model coal tar by an ionic liquid [Emim][DCA] [J]. Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2022, 100: S205-S212.
42	Li A, Xu X, Zhang L Z, et al. Separation of cresol from coal tar by imidazolium-based ionic liquid [Emim][SCN]: interaction exploration and extraction experiment [J]. Fuel, 2020, 264: 116908.
43	Sun C G, Tang S K. Guanidinium dicyanamide-based nitrogen-rich energetic salts as additives of hypergolic ionic liquids [J]. Energy & Fuels, 2020, 34(11): 15068-15071.
44	Liu Q, Zhang X L. Systematic method of screening deep eutectic solvents as extractive solvents for m-cresol/cumene separation [J]. Separation and Purification Technology, 2022, 291: 120853.
45	Ma X X, Wei J, Guan W, et al. Ionic parachor and its application to pyridinium-based ionic liquids of {[C _n py][DCA] (n = 2, 3, 4, 5, 6)} [J]. The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics, 2015, 89: 51-59.

[1]	Qi WANG, Bin ZHANG, Xiaoxin ZHANG, Hujian WU, Haitao ZHAN, Tao WANG. Synthesis of isoxepac and 2-ethylanthraquinone catalyzed by chloroaluminate-triethylamine ionic liquid/P₂O₅ [J]. CIESC Journal, 2023, 74(S1): 245-249.
[2]	Ruimin CHE, Wenqiu ZHENG, Xiaoyu WANG, Xin LI, Feng XU. Research progress on homogeneous processing of cellulose in ionic liquids [J]. CIESC Journal, 2023, 74(9): 3615-3627.
[3]	Yaxin ZHAO, Xueqin ZHANG, Rongzhu WANG, Guo SUN, Shanjing YAO, Dongqiang LIN. Removal of monoclonal antibody aggregates with ion exchange chromatography by flow-through mode [J]. CIESC Journal, 2023, 74(9): 3879-3887.
[4]	Meisi CHEN, Weida CHEN, Xinyao LI, Shangyu LI, Youting WU, Feng ZHANG, Zhibing ZHANG. Advances in silicon-based ionic liquid microparticle enhanced gas capture and conversion [J]. CIESC Journal, 2023, 74(9): 3628-3639.
[5]	Lizhi WANG, Qiancheng HANG, Yeling ZHENG, Yan DING, Jiaji CHEN, Qing YE, Jinlong LI. Separation of methyl propionate + methanol azeotrope using ionic liquid entrainers [J]. CIESC Journal, 2023, 74(9): 3731-3741.
[6]	Jie CHEN, Yongsheng LIN, Kai XIAO, Chen YANG, Ting QIU. Study on catalytic synthesis of sec-butanol by tunable choline-based basic ionic liquids [J]. CIESC Journal, 2023, 74(9): 3716-3730.
[7]	Minghao SONG, Fei ZHAO, Shuqing LIU, Guoxuan LI, Sheng YANG, Zhigang LEI. Multi-scale simulation and study of volatile phenols removal from simulated oil by ionic liquids [J]. CIESC Journal, 2023, 74(9): 3654-3664.
[8]	Shaoqi YANG, Shuheng ZHAO, Lungang CHEN, Chenguang WANG, Jianjun HU, Qing ZHOU, Longlong MA. Hydrodeoxygenation of lignin-derived compounds to alkanes in Raney Ni-protic ionic liquid system [J]. CIESC Journal, 2023, 74(9): 3697-3707.
[9]	Zehao MI, Er HUA. DFT and COSMO-RS theoretical analysis of SO₂ absorption by polyamines type ionic liquids [J]. CIESC Journal, 2023, 74(9): 3681-3696.
[10]	Xudong YU, Qi LI, Niancu CHEN, Li DU, Siying REN, Ying ZENG. Phase equilibria and calculation of aqueous ternary system KCl + CaCl₂ + H₂O at 298.2, 323.2, and 348.2 K [J]. CIESC Journal, 2023, 74(8): 3256-3265.
[11]	Shuang LIU, Linzhou ZHANG, Zhiming XU, Suoqi ZHAO. Study on molecular level composition correlation of viscosity of residual oil and its components [J]. CIESC Journal, 2023, 74(8): 3226-3241.
[12]	Lei XING, Chunyu MIAO, Minghu JIANG, Lixin ZHAO, Xinya LI. Optimal design and performance analysis of downhole micro gas-liquid hydrocyclone [J]. CIESC Journal, 2023, 74(8): 3394-3406.
[13]	Jiayi ZHANG, Jiali HE, Jiangpeng XIE, Jian WANG, Yu ZHAO, Dongqiang ZHANG. Research progress of pervaporation technology for N-methylpyrrolidone recovery in lithium battery production [J]. CIESC Journal, 2023, 74(8): 3203-3215.
[14]	Ruihang ZHANG, Pan CAO, Feng YANG, Kun LI, Peng XIAO, Chun DENG, Bei LIU, Changyu SUN, Guangjin CHEN. Analysis of key parameters affecting product purity of natural gas ethane recovery process via ZIF-8 nanofluid [J]. CIESC Journal, 2023, 74(8): 3386-3393.
[15]	Zhaolun WEN, Peirui LI, Zhonglin ZHANG, Xiao DU, Qiwang HOU, Yegang LIU, Xiaogang HAO, Guoqing GUAN. Design and optimization of cryogenic air separation process with dividing wall column based on self-heat regeneration [J]. CIESC Journal, 2023, 74(7): 2988-2998.