Abstract:

In recent years, as the production of electric vehicles climbs, the consumption of lithium-ion batteries has increased dramatically, and a large number of end-of-life batteries have brought about various environmental and resource problems. Therefore, the treatment and recycling of spent lithium-ion batteries have become an urgent problem. Lithium iron phosphate (LFP) batteries have become one of the mainstream lithium batteries used in electric vehicles due to their high stability and high cycle life. However, the existing LFP recycling methods are complicated and polluting, and the recycled products are mostly alloys or metal salts, which can only be used as battery precursors. In contrast, the direct repair and regeneration of spent LFP cathode materials have many advantages, such as short process, simple method, low energy consumption, low emission, etc., which is in line with the current dual-carbon goal of China. This paper summarized the latest research progress of direct repair and regeneration of spent LFP cathode materials, including the research status of direct repair and regeneration methods such as solid-phase sintering, hydrothermal method and electrochemical method, and analyzed and compared the advantages and shortcomings of various methods. Finally, the application challenges and development prospects of direct repair and regeneration of spent LFPs were analyzed from multiple perspectives to provide references and suggestions for the research on efficient recycling of spent LFPs.

Key words: waste treatment, chemical processes, remediation, regeneration, lithium iron phosphate

摘要：

近年来，随着电动汽车的产量攀升，锂离子电池的消耗量急剧增加，大量报废电池带来了各种环境和资源问题，对废旧锂离子电池的处理和回收成为亟待解决的问题。磷酸铁锂（LFP）电池凭借高稳定性和高循环寿命等优点，成为目前主流应用于电动汽车的锂电池之一。但现有的LFP回收方法操作复杂、污染性大，且回收产物多为合金或金属盐，只能用作电池前体。相比较而言，废旧LFP正极材料直接修复再生具有流程短、方法简单、能耗低等优点，符合当前我国双碳目标。本文综述了废旧LFP正极材料直接修复再生的最新研究进展，包括固相烧结法、水热法、电化学法等方法的研究现状，分析比较了各种方法的优势与不足。最后，从多角度分析废旧LFP直接修复再生可能面临的应用挑战及发展前景，为废旧LFP高效回收研究提供参考与建议。

关键词: 废物处理, 化学过程, 修复, 再生, 磷酸铁锂