The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of modified magnetic nanoparticle mass fraction, solution acidity and alkalinity (pH), oil-water ratio, NaCl concentration, stirring speed and emulsification temperature on the rheological properties of thick oil O/W emulsions, and to reveal the mechanism of their effects in combination with zeta potential, interfacial tension and oil droplet distribution. In order to more deeply and precisely analyze the influence of the above factors on the flow characteristics of emulsion, a six-factor and three-level positive alternating current experiment was carried out, and the power law fluid pressure drop formula was used to calculate the pressure drop per unit pipe length under each group of conditions, and the analysis of variance (ANOVA) and nonlinear regression (NLR) analysis was carried out by applying the SPSS software, and a prediction model of the pressure drop in tubing transport was constructed for the O/W-type emulsions. Finally, the optimal solution for pressure drop was solved using Matlab software. The results show that the oil-water ratio has the most significant effect on the rheological properties of emulsions, and the modified magnetic nanoparticles can successfully prepare thick oil O/W emulsions with an oil-water ratio of 8∶2. When the mass fraction of modified magnetic nanoparticles was controlled at 0.07%, the oil content was maintained at 50.38%, the NaCl concentration was 0.12 mol/L, the stirring speed was set at 664.10 r/min, and the emulsification temperature was maintained at 16.92℃, the tubing pressure drop per unit length of this thick-oil O/W-type emulsion could reach the minimum value, i.e., 66.93 Pa/m, which is an optimal solution. This optimal solution indicates that the lower mass fraction of modified magnetic nanoparticles can realize the thick oil substantial drag reduction transport under low temperature conditions. In addition, the model constructed in this paper shows a good ability to predict the pressure drop under strict orthogonal experimental conditions, which provides a reliable method to evaluate and optimize the conveying performance of thick oil O/W emulsions.