Oil conversion to syngas by rotating arc plasma

doi:10.11949/j.issn.0438-1157.20150924

Abstract

Abstract:

Due to waste oil can cause serious pollution and various social problems, a study of its comprehensive utilization is imperative. In this study, soybean oil was used as substitute of waste oil and converted into syngas in a homemade rotating arc plasma reactor. Effects of water/oil mass ratio, input power and magnetic flux intensity on reaction performance were investigated. It was shown that the main product gas was CO and H₂, accounted for more than 91.0% (vol), as well as small amounts of CO₂ and hydrocarbons. Water/soybean oil mass ratio has a large impact on syngas compositions and energy conversion efficiency, but little impact on carbon conversion and syngas yield. Carbon conversion increased to 98.5% with the increase of input power and energy conversion efficiency reached the maximum of 72.9% at 17.9 kW. Magnetic flux intensity has a slight effect on results but it could protect the anode from erosion.

Key words: plasma, rotating arc, waste oil, soybean oil, pyrolysis, syngas, waste treatment

摘要：

废弃油脂不仅造成严重的环境污染,而且容易引发各种社会问题,因此加快对废弃油脂的综合利用势在必行。本文以大豆油作为废弃油脂替代物,在自制炬/反应器中开展旋转弧等离子体转化油脂制合成气研究,系统考察了水/大豆油质量比、输入功率和磁感应强度对大豆油转化过程的影响。研究结果表明,气体产物主要为CO、H₂、CO₂与烃类,CO与H₂最高可占气体总量的91.0%(体积)以上。水/大豆油质量比主要影响产物组成和能量转化效率,对碳气相转化率和合成气收率影响较小。增加输入功率,碳气相转化率可提高至98.5%,能量转化效率在17.9 kW时达到最大值72.9%。实验考察范围内磁感应强度对大豆油转化效果的影响很小,但可以起到保护阳极的作用。

关键词: 等离子体, 旋转弧, 废弃油脂, 大豆油, 热解, 合成气, 废物处理

CLC Number:

REN Qilong, XUE Wenfeng, ZHANG Ming, WU Jianhua, PAN Tengyun, JIN Junkui, WEN Guangdong, SU Baogen. Oil conversion to syngas by rotating arc plasma[J]. CIESC Journal, 2015, 66(12): 4966-4971.

任其龙, 薛文峰, 张铭, 吴剑骅, 潘腾云, 金军魁, 闻光东, 苏宝根. 旋转弧等离子体转化油脂制合成气[J]. 化工学报, 2015, 66(12): 4966-4971.

References 22

[1]	Shen Xiong (沈雄), Zheng Xiao (郑晓), He Dongping (何东平). Advance in differential detection method of waste cooking oil [J]. China Oils and Fats (中国油脂), 2011, 36 (11): 49-51.
[2]	Yang Jing (杨静), Zhu Yi (朱毅), Yu Xin (于新), Wu Shaohui (吴少辉), Huang Xiaomin (黄晓敏). Research advance on the detecting techniques and utilization of illegal cooking oil [J]. Journal of China Institute of Food Science and Technology (中国食品学报), 2013, 13 (6): 185-190.
[3]	Guo Fengwan (郭枫晚), Chen Daoyong (陈道勇). Comprehensive utilization of waste grease [J]. Petrochemical Industry Application (石油化工应用), 2009, 28 (5): 4-6.
[4]	Yin Pinghe (尹平河), Wang Guihua (王桂华), Zhao Ling (赵玲), Shan Xizhang (单习章), Zhang Xuan (张璇), Yu Hanhao (余汉豪). Study of recognition of edible oils and waste edible oils in the restaurants by GC-MS [J]. Chinese Journal of Analysis Laboratory (分析试验室), 2004, 23 (4): 8-11.
[5]	Ding Chuanqin (丁传芹), Chen Shengli (陈胜利), Yang Chaohe (杨朝合). Advance in substitution waste oils and fats for petroleum resource [J]. China Oils and Fats (中国油脂), 2012, 37 (8): 53-56.
[6]	Li Haonan (李浩南). Study on production of biodiesel from wasted oils and fats [D]. Chongqing: Southwest University, 2007.
[7]	Hu Xiaofang (胡小芳), Liu Dushu (刘都树). Recycle of waste grease and production of biodiesel [J]. Nonferrous Metals Engineering & Research (有色冶金设计与研究), 2007, 28 (23): 117-120.
[8]	Du Zexue, Tang Zhong, Wang Haijing, Zeng Jianli, Chen Yanfeng, Min Enze. Research and development of a sub-critical methanol alcoholysis process for producing biodiesel using waste oils and fats [J]. Chinese Journal of Catalysis, 2013, 34 (1): 101-105.
[9]	Lin Yuchuan. Catalytic valorization of glycerol to hydrogen and syngas [J]. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2013, 38 (6): 2678-2700.
[10]	Shen Shuguang (申曙光), Wang Sheng (王胜), Pang Xianyong (庞先勇), Bao Weiren (鲍卫仁), Zhu Suyu (朱素渝), Xie Kechang (谢克昌). Coal gasification in thermal plasma [J]. Coal Conversion (煤炭转化), 2003, 26 (1): 45-47.
[11]	Bao Weiren, Chang Liping, Lu Yongkang. Study on main factors influencing acetylene formation during coal pyrolysis in arc plasma [J]. Process Safety and Environmental Protection, 2006, 84 (3): 222-226.
[12]	Yan B, Xu P, Li X, et al. Experimental study of liquid hydrocarbons pyrolysis to acetylene in H2/Ar plasma [J]. Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing, 2012, 32 (6): 1203-1214.
[13]	Hlina M, Hrabovsky M, Kavka T, Konrad M. Production of high quality syngas from argon/water plasma gasification of biomass and waste [J]. Waste Management, 2014, 34 (1): 63-66.
[14]	Rafiq M H, Hustad J E. Biosyngas production by autothermal reforming of waste cooking oil with propane using a plasma-assisted gliding arc reactor [J]. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2011, 36 (14): 8221-8233.
[15]	Wu Huiqin (吴惠勤), Huang Xiaolan (黄晓兰), Chen Jianghan (陈江韩), Zhu Zhixin (朱志鑫), Lin Xiaoshan (林晓珊), Huang Fang (黄芳), Ma Yefen (马叶芬), Luo Huitai (罗辉泰), Deng Xin (邓欣). A novel method for the identification of gutter oils using SPME/GC-MS [J]. Journal of Instrumental Analysis (分析测试学报), 2012, 31 (1): 1-6.
[16]	Xu Xiuli (许秀丽), Li Na (李娜), Ren Heling (任荷玲), Zhang Fengxia (张凤霞), Ma Xiaoning (马小宁), Zhong Weike (仲维科). The identification of hogwash oil using gas chromatography analysis of fatty acids [J]. Journal of Inspection and Quarantine (检验检疫学刊), 2012, 22 (2): 6-16.
[17]	Canoira L, Rodríguez-Gamero M, Querol E, et al. Biodiesel from low-grade animal fat: production process assessment and biodiesel properties characterization [J]. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 2008, 47 (21): 7997-8004.
[18]	Ben Hassen-Trabelsi A, Kraiem T, Naoui S, Belayouni H. Pyrolysis of waste animal fats in a fixed-bed reactor: production and characterization of bio-oil and bio-char [J]. Waste Management, 2014, 34 (1): 210-218.
[19]	Diaz G, Sharma N, Leal-Quiros E, et al. Enhanced hydrogen production using steam plasma processing of biomass: experimental apparatus and procedure [J]. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2015, 40 (5): 2091-2098.
[20]	Yoon S J, Yun Y M, Seo M W, et al. Hydrogen and syngas production from glycerol through microwave plasma gasification [J]. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2013, 38 (34): 14559- 14567.
[21]	Tao Kai, Ohta N, Liu Guiqing, et al. Plasma enhanced catalytic reforming of biomass tar model compound to syngas [J]. Fuel, 2013, 104: 53-57.
[22]	Zhao Zengli (赵增立), Li Haibin (李海滨), Wu Chuangzhi (吴创之), Chen Yong (陈勇). The study on the plasma gasification of biomass [J]. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica (太阳能学报), 2005, 26 (4): 468-472.