Abstract:

The concept of "green chemistry" and "sustainable development" as well as the mission of "carbon peaking and carbon neutrality" (dual carbon) have been put forward successively. Thereby, chemical industry has stepped into a new era of green, high-end and intelligent. In reaction-involved chemical processes, there exists very famous "momentum-heat-mass transfer" (classical "Three Transfers") theory, which takes reaction kinetics as the core and the momentum transfer, heat transfer and mass transfer as the fundamental basis, correlating the intensification principles of mass/energy transfer and chemical reaction. The classical "Three Transfers" is of important and far-reaching significance for the development of chemical industry. In recent years, due to the introduction of clean energy, such as solar energy and electric energy as well as new disciplines such as green biomanufacturing and photo-/electro- chemical engineering into the chemical processes, three types of transfer phenomena represented by electron transfer, proton transfer and molecule transfer have attracted tremendous attentions, injecting new vitality into classical "Three Transfers". In this context, we attempt to extensively analyze and introduce these three types of transfer phenomena. The strategies for individual or synergistic intensification of electron transfer, proton transfer and molecule transfer are summarized based on the characteristics of different chemical reactions, aiming to acquire a highly matched mass transfer-reaction processes and significantly improved chemical reaction efficiency.

Key words: electron transfer, proton transfer, molecule transfer, chemical process, chemical reaction, biocatalysis, solar energy

摘要：

随着“绿色化学”和“可持续发展”概念以及“碳达峰、碳中和”（双碳）目标的相继提出与推进，化学工业逐步进入绿色化、高端化、智能化发展新阶段。对于包含反应的化工过程有非常经典的“三传一反”理论，以反应动力学为核心，以动量传递、热量传递与质量传递为基础，揭示了物质、能量传递与化学反应的协同强化规律，对化工领域的发展具有重要和深远意义。近年来，由于光能、电能等清洁能源以及绿色生物制造、光电化学工程等新学科引入化工反应过程中，以电子传递、质子传递和分子传递为代表的三类传递现象得到了广泛关注和大量研究，为“三传一反”理论注入了新的活力。在此背景下，尝试将电子传递、质子传递和分子传递三类现象进行分析和介绍，针对不同化学反应的特点，初步总结了通过电子传递、质子传递和分子传递过程的单独或协同强化，以实现传递过程与化学反应过程的高度匹配，进而实现化学反应效率的显著提升。

关键词: 电子传递, 质子传递, 分子传递, 化工过程, 化学反应, 生物催化, 太阳能