低电导率工质中气泡的极化运动实验研究

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20220524

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为探讨电场作用下气泡在低电导率工质中的极化运动特性，采用高速数码摄像技术对气泡在正庚烷溶液中的生长和分散过程进行了可视化研究，并结合无量纲数分析了不同气体流量和施加电压下的气泡演变特征以及极化力主导的气泡运动规律。结果表明，增大电场强度可导致气泡生长周期缩短，气泡尺寸显著减小，产生频率加快。在低电场强度下，气泡运动主要表现为流体动力学特性；而在强电场作用下，气泡首先受极化力主导而表现为电流体动力学特性，其直线轨迹高度随Bo_E增大而增大。但随着电场强度在竖直方向上的衰减以及液相阻力影响，气泡运动速度不断减小；当气泡脱离极化力主导区域后，其运动再次表现为流体动力学特性，受尾迹诱导和气泡间相互作用影响，气泡在竖直方向上沿毛细管轴向四周扩散。

关键词: 气液两相流, 直流电场, 极化力, 电导率, 脱离直径, 气泡轨迹

Abstract:

To investigate the polarization dynamic characteristics of bubbles under a non-uniform electric field, the evolution and dispersion of bubbles in heptane solution are visualized by using high-speed photography. Combined with dimensionless numbers, the effects of gas flow and applied voltage on bubble characteristics and the bubble motion law dominated by polarization force are discussed. The results show that increasing the electric field strength can significantly reduce the growth period and size of the bubbles, and accelerate their generation frequency. Under the action of a weak electric field, the bubble motion is dominated by hydrodynamics and influenced by the wake induction, as the height of its trajectory decreases as the Bo_E increases. In contrast, the effects of a strong electric field cause the bubble movement to be first dominated by the polarization force and exhibits electrohydrodynamic (EHD) properties, and the bubble trajectory extends upward with increasing Bo_E. However, with the vertical decay of the electric field intensity and the influence of the liquid phase resistance, the velocity of the bubbles decreases continuously. When the bubbles leave the region dominated by the polarization force, their motion again exhibits hydrodynamic characteristics, then the bubbles disperse in the liquid phase impacting by the bubble wake and interactions between bubbles.

Key words: gas-liquid two-phase flow, DC electric field, polarization force, conductivity, bubble diameter, bubble trajectory

中图分类号:

O 359⁺.1

苏巧玲, 王军锋, 张伟, 詹水清, 吴天一. 低电导率工质中气泡的极化运动实验研究[J]. 化工学报, 2022, 73(9): 3861-3869.

Qiaoling SU, Junfeng WANG, Wei ZHANG, Shuiqing ZHAN, Tianyi WU. Experimental study on polarization motion characteristics of bubbles in a low conductivity working medium[J]. CIESC Journal, 2022, 73(9): 3861-3869.

图/表 11

表1 气液两相物性参数

Table 1 Physical parameters of phases

工质	密度/(kg/m³)	电导率/ (S/m)	相对介电常数	表面张力/ (N/m)	动力黏度/(Pa·s)
正庚烷	684	<10^-13	1.924	20.35×10^-3	40.9×10^-5
空气	1.205	<10^-15	1	—	18.4×10^-6

图1 荷电液-气实验装置系统示意图

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of a charged liquid-gas system

图2 电场中生长气泡受电场力作用示意图

Fig.2 Schematic diagram of the electric field force on a growing bubble

图3 电场对气泡生长及脱离过程的影响

Fig.3 Effects of the electric field on bubble generation and detachment

图4 不同Re下平均气泡脱离直径比δ随BoE的变化规律

Fig.4 Variation of average bubble separation diameter ratio δ with BoE under different Re

图5 不同Re下气泡生成频率f随BoE的变化规律

Fig.5 Variation of bubble generation frequency f with BoE under different Re

图6 电场作用下气泡脱离时刻We与db/din的变化关系

Fig.6 We varied with db/din during separation under the action of electric field

图7 电场作用对气泡运动轨迹的影响

Fig.7 Effect of electric field on bubble trajectory

图8 不同Re条件下气泡链所含气泡个数N随BoE的变化规律

Fig.8 Variation of the number of bubbles N in the bubble chain with BoE under different Re

图9 无量纲气泡轨迹长度ζ随BoE变化曲线

Fig.9 Dimensionless bubble trajectory length ζ varied with BoE

图10 气泡速度ub随上升高度Hb的变化规律

Fig.10 Variation of bubble velocity ub with height Hb

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