木质素氢解反应溶剂与催化剂研究进展

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20190928

化工学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 70 ›› Issue (12): 4519-4527.DOI: 10.11949/0438-1157.20190928

木质素氢解反应溶剂与催化剂研究进展

王文锦^1,^2,³(),徐莹^1,²(),王东玲^1,^2,³,王晨光^1,²,马隆龙^1,²

1. 中国科学院可再生能源重点实验室, 中国科学院广州能源研究所，广东广州 510640
2. 广东省新能源和可再生能源研究开发与应用重点实验室，广东广州 510640
3. 中国科学院大学，北京 100871

收稿日期:2019-08-13 修回日期:2019-09-26 出版日期:2019-12-05 发布日期:2019-12-05
通讯作者: 徐莹
作者简介:王文锦（1995—），男，硕士研究生，1148818926@qq.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(51676191);国家自然科学基金委员会与泰国国家研究理事会“可再生能源”领域合作研究项目(5181101221);中国科学院战略性先导科技专项（A）(XDA 21060102);广东省特支计划项目-科技创新青年拔尖人才项目(2015TQ01N652);中国科学院青年促进会项目(2016313)

Progress in solvent and catalyst for hydrogenolysis of lignin

Wenjin WANG^1,^2,³(),Ying XU^1,²(),Dongling WANG^1,^2,³,Chenguang WANG^1,²,Longlong MA^1,²

1. Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, China
2. Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, China
3. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100871, China

Received:2019-08-13 Revised:2019-09-26 Online:2019-12-05 Published:2019-12-05
Contact: Ying XU

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

木质素是由三种苯丙烷单元随机键合形成的复杂大分子物质，是自然界中唯一可直接提供芳环的可再生能源。以木质素为原料制取高品位液体燃料和高附加值化学品，特别是木质素氢解是国内外关注的热门研究领域之一。梳理了近年木质素催化氢解研究进展，针对木质素氢解过程中溶剂体系（水溶剂以及醇类溶剂）和催化剂体系（均相催化剂以及非均相金属催化剂）对木质素氢解效率、产物分布的影响机理，做了较全面的概述和分析。最后，针对木质素催化氢解领域目前尚存在的问题提出建议，期望为木质素高值化利用相关研究提供参考。

关键词: 木质素, 氢解, 反应溶剂, 催化剂, 酚, 转化率

Abstract:

Lignin is a complex macromolecule formed by three types of phenylpropane units. It is the only renewable energy source in nature that can directly provide aromatic rings. The use of lignin as a raw material for the preparation of high-grade liquid fuels and high value-added chemicals, especially lignin hydrogenolysis is one of the hot research areas at home and abroad. Hydrogenolysis is one of the most promising methods for the depolymerization of lignin. This paper comprehensively summarizes influence of the solvent systems (aqueous and alcohol) and catalyst systems (homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts) commonly used in hydrogenolysis during recent years. Finally, several suggestions to relative research in the future are proposed.

Key words: lignin, hydrogenolysis, solvents, catalyst, phenol, conversion

中图分类号:

TK 6

王文锦,徐莹,王东玲,王晨光,马隆龙. 木质素氢解反应溶剂与催化剂研究进展[J]. 化工学报, 2019, 70(12): 4519-4527.

Wenjin WANG,Ying XU,Dongling WANG,Chenguang WANG,Longlong MA. Progress in solvent and catalyst for hydrogenolysis of lignin[J]. CIESC Journal, 2019, 70(12): 4519-4527.

图/表 3

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Solvent	Catalyst	Reaction conditions	Reactant	Product	Conversion/%	Selectivity/%
basic water	NiAl alloy	220℃，Ar	poplar wood lignin	monomer+oligomer	86.8	18.9
basic water	Ni/ZSM-5	200℃，4 MPa	OKL	bio-oil	83	—
water	Pd₁Ni₄/MIL-100(Fe)	180℃，6 h	organosolv lignin	phenol and guaiacol derivates	100	—
methanol	Raney Ni	300℃，8 h	organosolv lignin	unsaturates	86	—
methanol	Pd/C+CrCl₃	300℃，4 h	hydrolysis lignin	monomer	81.4	26.3
ethanol	Ru/C	300℃，10 h	lignin	oil	—	75.8
ethanol	Ni/Al-SBA-15	300℃，4 h	hydrolysis lignin	phenolic monomers	>90	21.9
2-propanol	Raney Ni	300℃，8 h	organosolv lignin	saturates	91	—
isopropanol	Ni-Cu/H-Beta	330℃，3 h	lignin	monomer	98.8	50.83
isopropanol	Pt Re/TiO₂	240℃，He	lignin	monomer phenol	—	18.7
ethanol/1,4-dioxane	formic	300℃，2 h	kraft lignin	monomer phenol	—	22.4
SC-ethanol/phenol	Cu Ni Al	290℃，3 h	alkali lignin	bio-oil	81.8	—

Solvent	Catalyst	Reaction conditions	Reactant	Product	Conversion/%	Selectivity/%
basic water	NiAl alloy	220℃，Ar	poplar wood lignin	monomer+oligomer	86.8	18.9
basic water	Ni/ZSM-5	200℃，4 MPa	OKL	bio-oil	83	—
water	Pd₁Ni₄/MIL-100(Fe)	180℃，6 h	organosolv lignin	phenol and guaiacol derivates	100	—
methanol	Raney Ni	300℃，8 h	organosolv lignin	unsaturates	86	—
methanol	Pd/C+CrCl₃	300℃，4 h	hydrolysis lignin	monomer	81.4	26.3
ethanol	Ru/C	300℃，10 h	lignin	oil	—	75.8
ethanol	Ni/Al-SBA-15	300℃，4 h	hydrolysis lignin	phenolic monomers	>90	21.9
2-propanol	Raney Ni	300℃，8 h	organosolv lignin	saturates	91	—
isopropanol	Ni-Cu/H-Beta	330℃，3 h	lignin	monomer	98.8	50.83
isopropanol	Pt Re/TiO₂	240℃，He	lignin	monomer phenol	—	18.7
ethanol/1,4-dioxane	formic	300℃，2 h	kraft lignin	monomer phenol	—	22.4
SC-ethanol/phenol	Cu Ni Al	290℃，3 h	alkali lignin	bio-oil	81.8	—

Catalyst	Reaction condition	Reactant	Product	Conversion/%	Selectivity/%
Pd/C+CrCl₃	280℃,5 h	alkali lignin	monophenols	—	28.5
Ni/Al-SBA-15	300℃,4 h	hydrolysis lignin	monophenol	>90	21.9
Co-phen/C	200℃,2 h	birch lignin	monophenol	—	34
Ni₇Au₃	170℃,12 h	organoslov lignin	aromatic monomers	—	14
Pd Ni/ZrO₂	80℃,6 h	model compounds	aromatic monomers	>80	—
Pt Re/TiO₂	240℃,12 h	birch lignin	monophenol	—	18.71
Ni Fe/AC	225℃,2 MPa H₂	organosolv lignin	monophenol	—	23.2
Au₁Pd₁/CeO₂	180℃,6 h	organosolv lignin	monophenol	—	44.1

Catalyst	Reaction condition	Reactant	Product	Conversion/%	Selectivity/%
Pd/C+CrCl₃	280℃,5 h	alkali lignin	monophenols	—	28.5
Ni/Al-SBA-15	300℃,4 h	hydrolysis lignin	monophenol	>90	21.9
Co-phen/C	200℃,2 h	birch lignin	monophenol	—	34
Ni₇Au₃	170℃,12 h	organoslov lignin	aromatic monomers	—	14
Pd Ni/ZrO₂	80℃,6 h	model compounds	aromatic monomers	>80	—
Pt Re/TiO₂	240℃,12 h	birch lignin	monophenol	—	18.71
Ni Fe/AC	225℃,2 MPa H₂	organosolv lignin	monophenol	—	23.2
Au₁Pd₁/CeO₂	180℃,6 h	organosolv lignin	monophenol	—	44.1

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木质素氢解反应溶剂与催化剂研究进展

Progress in solvent and catalyst for hydrogenolysis of lignin

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