注气孔位置对文丘里管式微气泡发生器成泡特性的影响分析

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20210845

化工学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 72 ›› Issue (11): 5552-5562.DOI: 10.11949/0438-1157.20210845

注气孔位置对文丘里管式微气泡发生器成泡特性的影响分析

丁国栋^1,^2,³(),陈家庆^1,³(),李振林²,蔡小垒^1,³

^1.北京石油化工学院机械工程学院，北京 102617
^2.中国石油大学（北京）机械与储运工程学院，北京 102249
^3.深水油气管线关键技术与装备北京市重点实验室，北京 102617

收稿日期:2021-06-23 修回日期:2021-08-17 出版日期:2021-11-05 发布日期:2021-11-12
通讯作者: 陈家庆
作者简介:丁国栋（1991—），男，博士研究生，dgd2013@126.com
基金资助:
2020年度北京市教育委员会-北京市自然科学基金委员会联合资助项目暨北京市教育委员会科技计划重点项目(KZ202010017026);国家自然科学基金企业创新发展联合基金重点支持项目(U20B2030)

Analysis of the effect of air injection hole position on bubble formation characteristics of Venturi-type microbubble generator

Guodong DING^1,^2,³(),Jiaqing CHEN^1,³(),Zhenlin LI²,Xiaolei CAI^1,³

^1.College of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology, Beijing 102617, China
^2.College of Mechanical and Transportation Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China
^3.Beijing Key Laboratory of Pipeline Critical Technology and Equipment for Deep Water Oil & Gas Development, Beijing 102617, China

Received:2021-06-23 Revised:2021-08-17 Online:2021-11-05 Published:2021-11-12
Contact: Jiaqing CHEN

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

尽管文丘里管式微气泡发生器的注气口位置会对气泡在文丘里流道内的碎化特征产生直接影响，但迄今缺乏针对性的深入研究。通过可视化实验方法，对比分析了注气口分别位于喉管处（结构1型）和进水管处（结构2型）时的气液流型、气泡破碎特征以及成泡特性。实验表明，气、液相流量对结构1型微气泡发生器内的气液流型影响显著，初始成泡区域随液相流量增加，环状流或泡状流向弹状流转变，而随气相流量增加则由泡状流或弹状流向环状流转变；结构2型微气泡发生器则在此过程中始终为泡状流，其对操作工况的适应范围大于结构1型。在相同工况下，结构1型微气泡发生器的成泡Sauter平均粒径小于结构2型，但随着液相Reynolds数的增大，二者间的成泡平均粒径差值随之减小。分析原因是由于弹状流流型下，延伸至扩张段区域的弹型泡的表面积更大，能量转化率更高，气泡界面失稳碎化的程度更显著。随着液相Reynolds数的增大，初始成泡体积减小，湍流破碎机理作用占据主导，掩盖了由于界面失稳引起的气泡破碎。结构1型微气泡发生器的成泡能耗高于结构2型，并且随液相Reynolds数的增大，两者之间的差值随之增大。综合来看，结构2型微气泡发生器能够在低能耗下实现高效成泡，面向工程应用将更具优势。

关键词: 文丘里管, 气泡, 气液两相流, 流型, 粒度分布

Abstract:

Although the position of the gas injection port of the Venturi-type microbubble generator will have a direct impact on the fragmentation characteristics of the bubbles in the Venturi flow channel, there has been a lack of targeted in-depth research so far. Through the visual experiment method, the gas-liquid flow pattern, bubble breakage characteristics and bubble formation characteristics when the gas injection port is located at the throat pipe (type 1) and the water inlet pipe (type 2) are compared and analyzed. The experimental results show that the gas-liquid flow rate sensitively influences the gas-liquid flow pattern in type 1 microbubble generator. And there were three different flow patterns: bubbly flow, slug flow and annular flow in the whole process, while the flow pattern of type 2 microbubble generator was always bubbly flow. Under the same operating parameters, the average bubble size of type 1 microbubble generator was smaller than that of type 2. With the increase of the liquid Reynolds number, the difference of bubble diameter between the two kinds microbubble generator decreases. The reason can be ascribed to large bubble interface area under slug flow pattern. The slug bubble receives more energy, and the bubble surface instability is more significant. With the increase of Reynolds number, the initial bubble volume decreases, and the turbulent breakage mechanism plays the dominant role, which covers the bubble breakage caused by interface instability. The energy consumption of type 1 microbubble generator is higher than that of type 2. With the increase of liquid Reynolds number, the difference between the two kinds microbubble generator increases. In summary, the type 2 microbubble generator can generate microbubbles under low energy consumption, and has more advantages for engineering applications.

Key words: Venturi pipe, bubble, gas-liquid flow, flow pattern, particle size distribution

中图分类号:

TH 113

丁国栋, 陈家庆, 李振林, 蔡小垒. 注气孔位置对文丘里管式微气泡发生器成泡特性的影响分析[J]. 化工学报, 2021, 72(11): 5552-5562.

Guodong DING, Jiaqing CHEN, Zhenlin LI, Xiaolei CAI. Analysis of the effect of air injection hole position on bubble formation characteristics of Venturi-type microbubble generator[J]. CIESC Journal, 2021, 72(11): 5552-5562.

图/表 13

图1 实验流程

Fig.1 Schematic overview of the experimental apparatus

图2 两种文丘里管式微气泡发生器结构示意图

Fig.2 Schematic diagram of the two Venturi-type microbubble generator

图3 基于Image J图像处理流程

Fig.3 Bubble detection in image processsing via Image J

图4 注气口处的初始气泡结构尺寸特征

Fig.4 The description of initial bubble characteristics

图5 两种文丘里管式微气泡发生器在各自注气口位置处的初始成泡特征

Fig.5 The initial bubble characteristics of the two Venturi-type microbubble generators

图6 两种文丘里管式微气泡发生器在全部实验范围内的气液流型图

Fig.6 Gas-liquid flow pattern of the Venturi-type microbubble generator

图7 QG=20 ml/min时的两种文丘里管式微气泡发生器Sauter平均粒径随液相Reynolds数的变化

Fig.7 Variation in bubble Sauter mean diameter with Reth for QG=20 ml/min

表1 不同文丘里管式微气泡发生器的成泡平均粒径（d32）与液相Reynolds数（Reth）间的拟合关系式

Table 1 Correlations of the Sauter mean diameter with respect to Reth under different Venturi-type microbubble generator

结构	关系式	R²
结构1型	$d 32 = 1507 × R e t h - 0.865$	0.963
结构2型	$d 32 = 20914 × R e t h - 1.104$	1

表1 不同文丘里管式微气泡发生器的成泡平均粒径（d32）与液相Reynolds数（Reth）间的拟合关系式

Table 1 Correlations of the Sauter mean diameter with respect to Reth under different Venturi-type microbubble generator

结构	关系式	R²
结构1型	$d 32 = 1507 × R e t h - 0.865$	0.963
结构2型	$d 32 = 20914 × R e t h - 1.104$	1

图8 QL=80 L/h，QG=20 ml/min时文丘里流道扩张段内的气泡输运过程

Fig. 8 Bubble transport process in the divergent section of Venturi channel at QL=80 L/h, QG=20 ml/min

图9 结构2型中气泡在流道内的轴向位置及速度分布

Fig. 9 The axial position and velocity distribution of bubbles in the type 2 Venturi-type microbubble generator

图10 液相流量对弹状流下气泡破碎形态的影响（QG=20 ml/min）

Fig.10 Influence of liquid flow rate on bubble breakup characteristics under slug flow

图11 QG=20 ml/min时两种文丘里管式微气泡发生器压降值随液相Reynolds数的变化

Fig.11 Variation in pressure drop with Reth for QG=20 ml/min

表2 两种文丘里管式微气泡发生器的压降（ΔP）与液相Reynolds数（Reth）间的拟合关系式

Table 2 Correlations of the pressure drop with respect to Reth under different Venturi-type microbubble generator

结构	关系式	R²
结构1型	$Δ P = 6.48 e - 6 × R e t h 1.483$	0.991
结构2型	$Δ P = 4.96 e - 7 × R e t h 1.666$	0.995

表2 两种文丘里管式微气泡发生器的压降（ΔP）与液相Reynolds数（Reth）间的拟合关系式

Table 2 Correlations of the pressure drop with respect to Reth under different Venturi-type microbubble generator

结构	关系式	R²
结构1型	$Δ P = 6.48 e - 6 × R e t h 1.483$	0.991
结构2型	$Δ P = 4.96 e - 7 × R e t h 1.666$	0.995

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注气孔位置对文丘里管式微气泡发生器成泡特性的影响分析

Analysis of the effect of air injection hole position on bubble formation characteristics of Venturi-type microbubble generator

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