浸没状态下的低压电润湿行为研究

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20211666

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

对表面活性剂溶液中的浸没气泡/油滴在低压电场作用下的电润湿行为进行了实验研究。分析了活性剂对低压电润湿特性的影响，探讨了电场作用下浸没气泡/油滴形态的演变规律。实验结果表明，通过添加十二烷基三甲基溴化铵（DTAB）或十二烷基硫酸钠（SDS）活性剂，浸没气泡可在低压电场（0 ~ -6 V）作用下实现接触角减小与气泡滑移，并且增加活性剂浓度可以降低气泡滑移所需的电压。在0.05~0.10 临界胶束浓度（CMC）范围内，DTAB溶液中的浸没油滴呈现较好的电润湿特性，银表面在-3 V电压时即可实现水下超疏油特性（接触角θ<30°）。在电润湿过程中，气泡/油滴的接触角和接触直径随时间逐渐减小，并呈现“慢-快-慢”变化形式。此外，浸没油滴形态也受到离子活性剂在界面吸附带电引起的静电力的影响。

关键词: 电润湿, 表面活性剂, 接触角, 浸没气泡

Abstract:

The electrowetting behavior of captive bubble/oil-droplet in the surfactant solution in a low-voltage electric field is investigated experimentally. The effect of the surfactant on the electrowetting characteristics was analyzed, and the evolution of immersed bubble/oil-droplet under electric field was explored. The experimental results show that by adding N,N,N-trimethyl-1-dodecanaminium bromide(DTAB) or sodium dodecyl sulfate(SDS), contact angle reduction and bubble slip can occur in low-voltage (0 — -6 V). In addition, the increase of the surfactant concentration could reduce the voltage required for bubble slip. In a concentration of 0.05 CMC to 0.10 CMC, the captive oil-droplet in the DTAB solution presents good electrowetting performance, and the silver surface could achieve underwater superoleophobic property with θ < 30° at -3 V. Moreover, in the process of electrowetting, the contact angle and contact diameter of the bubbles/oil-droplets both gradually decrease in form of “slow-fast-slow”. The shape of the captive oil-droplet is found to be affected by the electrostatic force caused by the adsorption and charging of the ionic surfactant at the interface.

Key words: electrowetting, surfactants, contact angle, captive bubble

中图分类号:

O 647

常楚鑫, 徐黎婷, 殷嘉伦, 雒先, 贾洪伟. 浸没状态下的低压电润湿行为研究[J]. 化工学报, 2022, 73(4): 1673-1682.

Chuxin CHANG, Liting XU, Jialun YIN, Xian LUO, Hongwei JIA. Study on low voltage electrowetting behavior under immersion state[J]. CIESC Journal, 2022, 73(4): 1673-1682.

图/表 8

表1 本研究中使用的表面活性剂

Table 1 The surfactants used in the study

活性剂

种类

C₁₂H₂₅SO₄Na

C₁₅H₃₄BrN

图1 基于掳泡法的电润湿实验测量系统

Fig.1 Measurement system of electrowetting experiment for captive bubble measurements

图2 不同电压下浸没气泡/油滴的接触角变化量

Fig.2 Variation of contact angle (?θ) of bubbles/oil-droplets under different voltages

图3 不同浓度活性剂溶液中的电润湿曲线

Fig.3 Electrowetting curves in surfactant solutions with different concentrations

表2 不同浓度活性剂溶液中气泡（或油滴）在滑移（或饱和）的表面电压及接触角变化值

Table 2 The surface potential and contact angle change value of bubbles （or oil-droplets） in different concentrations of surfactants solutions at the time of slipping （or saturation）

组合	浓度/ CMC	U_sa或U_sl / V	?θ/(°)
DTAB 溶液/油滴	0.05	-4.0	-55.40
	0.10	-3.0	-43.62
	0.20	-4.0	-39.43
DTAB溶液/气泡	0.01	-6.0	-30.60
	0.05	-2.5	-29.92
	0.10	-2.5	-27.18
	0.20	-1.5	-22.15
SDS 溶液/油滴	0.10	-7.0	-26.68
	0.20	-7.0	-24.05
	0.30	-5.0	-21.51
SDS溶液/气泡	0.05	> -6.0	—
	0.10	-4.5	-25.17
	0.20	-3.0	-15.74
	0.30	-2.5	-7.61

图4 电润湿过程中气泡和油滴的形态 (体积约为4 μl)

Fig.4 Side view of bubbles and oil droplets in the electrowetting process (volume is about 4 μl)

图5 接触角θ和接触直径d随时间的变化

Fig.5 The change curves of contact angle θ and contact diameter d with time

图6 浸没油滴受力情况及电润湿前后的图像

Fig.6 Schematic diagram of the stress and images before and after electrowetting of immersed oil droplets

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