化工学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 73 ›› Issue (11): 5065-5077.DOI: 10.11949/0438-1157.20221035

• 过程系统工程 • 上一篇    下一篇

膜分离捕集燃煤电厂烟气CO2过程优化设计

李贵贤1,2(), 王可1,2, 王健1,2, 孟文亮1,2, 李婧玮1,2, 杨勇1,2, 范宗良1,2, 王东亮1,2(), 周怀荣1,2()   

  1. 1.兰州理工大学石油化工学院,甘肃 兰州 730050
    2.甘肃省低碳能源化工重点实验室,甘肃 兰州 730050
  • 收稿日期:2022-07-20 修回日期:2022-08-16 出版日期:2022-11-05 发布日期:2022-12-06
  • 通讯作者: 王东亮,周怀荣
  • 作者简介:李贵贤(1966—),男,博士,教授,lgxwyf@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    甘肃省高等学校青年博士基金项目(2022QB-214)

Optimal design of membrane separation process for capturing CO2 from flue gas of coal-fired power plant

Guixian LI1,2(), Ke WANG1,2, Jian WANG1,2, Wenliang MENG1,2, Jingwei LI1,2, Yong YANG1,2, Zongliang FAN1,2, Dongliang WANG1,2(), Huairong ZHOU1,2()   

  1. 1.School of Petrochemical Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, Gansu, China
    2.Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Energy and Chemical Engineering of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730050, Gansu, China
  • Received:2022-07-20 Revised:2022-08-16 Online:2022-11-05 Published:2022-12-06
  • Contact: Dongliang WANG, Huairong ZHOU

摘要:

全球CO2的排放量不断升高,导致气候问题频发。“双碳”目标下,如何高效、低成本地捕集燃煤电厂烟气CO2已经成为迫在眉睫的问题。传统的化学吸收法由于能耗高、成本高、溶剂易挥发等问题严重制约了其发展,而膜法碳捕集因为其操作简单、能耗低、环境污染小等优势被认为是最有前景的捕集方式。本文以PI中空纤维膜为分离膜,建立和求解了气体分离膜模型。并以燃煤电厂烟气CO2为捕集目标,利用多岛遗传算法求解了膜分离捕集CO2工艺的不同配置,并优化了分离过程中的关键参数(膜面积、操作压力)。结果显示:在二级膜分离工艺中,二级一段膜分离工艺的第一级膜和第二级膜操作压力分别为5.8 bar和7.1 bar,第一级膜和第二级膜的面积分别为448000 m2和180000 m2时,单位捕集成本为27.36 USD/t CO2。与二级二段膜分离以及其他几种传统的CO2捕集方法(MEA法、相变吸收法)相比,二级一段膜分离捕集CO2的捕集成本和能耗均最小。本研究将为CO2捕集实现低能耗和低成本化提供依据。

关键词: 二氧化碳捕集, 膜分离, 碳减排, 数值模拟, 优化设计

Abstract:

Global CO2 emissions continue to rise, leading to frequent climate problems. With the goal of "carbon peak and carbon neutralization", it has become an urgent issue to capture CO2 from the flue gas of coal-fired power plants in an efficient and cost-effective way. The development of traditional chemical absorption method is seriously restricted by its high energy consumption, high cost and volatile solvent. The membrane carbon capture is considered as the most promising capture method because of its advantages such as simple operation, low energy consumption and small environmental pollution. Membrane-based carbon capture is considered as the most promising capture method because of its low capture cost and environment-friendly features. In this paper, a gas separation membrane model is established and solved with PI hollow fiber membrane as the separation membrane. And with the target of carbon dioxide capture in flue gas of coal-fired power plants, the membrane separation processes with different configurations of carbon dioxide capture are solved by multi-island genetic algorithm, and the key parameters (membrane area, operating pressure) in the separation process are optimized. The results show that in the two stage-one step membrane separation process, when the operating pressure of the first stage membrane and the second stage membrane are 5.8 bar and 7.1 bar, respectively, and the area of the first stage membrane and the second stage membrane is 448000 m2 and 180000 m2, the unit capture cost is 27.36 USD/t CO2. Compared with two stage-two step membrane separation and several other traditional CO2 capture methods (MEA method and phase change absorption method), the capture cost and energy consumption of CO2 by two stage-one step membrane separation is the lowest. This study will provide a basis for achieving low energy consumption and low cost for CO2 capture.

Key words: CO2 capture, membrane separation, carbon reduction, numerical simulation, optimal design

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