干熄炉料钟结构对焦炭布料粒径均匀度影响的模拟研究

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20240605

化工学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 75 ›› Issue (S1): 158-169.DOI: 10.11949/0438-1157.20240605

干熄炉料钟结构对焦炭布料粒径均匀度影响的模拟研究

黄俊豪¹(), 庞克亮², 孙方远¹(), 刘福军³, 谷致远², 韩龙⁴, 段衍泉⁴, 冯妍卉¹()

^1.北京科技大学能源与环境工程学院，北京 100083
^2.鞍钢集团北京研究院有限公司，北京 102211
^3.鞍钢集团钢铁研究院，辽宁鞍山 114009
^4.中冶焦耐（大连）工程技术有限公司，辽宁大连 114001

收稿日期:2024-06-03 修回日期:2024-06-26 出版日期:2024-12-25 发布日期:2024-12-17
通讯作者: 孙方远,冯妍卉
作者简介:黄俊豪（1997—），男，硕士研究生，huangjh1220@163.com
基金资助:
鞍钢集团北京研究院“鲅鱼圈干熄焦装置模拟与优化”项目

Influence of bell structure of coke dry quenching furnace on coke distribution

Junhao HUANG¹(), Keliang PANG², Fangyuan SUN¹(), Fujun LIU³, Zhiyuan GU², Long HAN⁴, Yanquan DUAN⁴, Yanhui FENG¹()

^1.School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
^2.Ansteel Beijing Research Institute Co. , Ltd. , Beijing 102211, China
^3.Ansteel Iron & Steel Research Institute, Anshan 114009, Liaoning, China
^4.ACRE Coking & Refractory Engineering Consulting Corporation, MCC, Dalian 114001, Liaoning, China

Received:2024-06-03 Revised:2024-06-26 Online:2024-12-25 Published:2024-12-17
Contact: Fangyuan SUN, Yanhui FENG

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

干熄炉内焦炭粒径偏析问题会严重影响焦炭与冷却气体的气固换热效率。基于离散元方法（DEM）研究某钢厂干熄炉的料钟结构在装焦过程产生的料面形状、粒径分布以及粒径偏析现象，并针对干熄炉的料钟结构进行了优化，以改善焦炭粒径分布。结果表明：相比于料钟倾角和分料板夹角，横梁方向对料面形状和粒径均匀度的影响更大。由于料钟横梁对焦炭颗粒有分流作用，容易形成倾斜堆积料面，导致焦炭颗粒分布不均匀。旋转横梁方向与焦罐布料开口平行后，减弱了料面倾斜效应，降低了焦炭颗粒粒径偏析情况。在40°~60°的料钟倾角、30°~60°的分料板夹角和横梁方向优化条件下，料面高度差最大降低70.8%，标准偏差降低最高49.4%，尤其在较大的倾角和夹角值下效果显著，有助于气体在填充床中均匀流动。

关键词: 分立元件建模, 干熄焦, 填充床, 料面形状, 粒度分布, 数值模拟

Abstract:

The problem of coke particle size segregation in the coke dry quenching (CDQ) furnace can seriously affect the gas-solid heat transfer efficiency. Based on the discrete element method (DEM), this study investigates the actual material surface shape, particle size distribution, and particle size segregation phenomenon generated during the coke loading process of a steel plant's coke dry quenching furnace. Reasonable optimization is carried out on the material surface of the coke dry quenching furnace to improve the particle size distribution of the stacked material surface. The results show that compared to the inclination angle of the bell and the angle between the dividing plate, the direction of the beam has a greater impact on the shape and particle size uniformity of the material surface. Due to the diversion effect of the bell beam on coke particles, it is easy to form inclined stacking material surfaces, resulting in uneven distribution of coke particles. After the direction of the rotating beam is parallel to the opening of the coke pot, the inclining effect of the material surface is weakened, and the segregation of coke particle size is reduced. Under the optimized conditions of 40°—60° inclination angle of the material bell, 30°—60° angle of the dividing plate, and beam direction, the maximum reduction in material height difference is 70.8%, and the maximum reduction in standard deviation is 49.4%, especially at larger angles, the effect is significant, which helps the gas flow uniformly in the packed bed.

Key words: discrete element modeling, coke dry quenching, packed bed, stacked shape, particle size distribution, numerical simulation

中图分类号:

TQ 520.5

黄俊豪, 庞克亮, 孙方远, 刘福军, 谷致远, 韩龙, 段衍泉, 冯妍卉. 干熄炉料钟结构对焦炭布料粒径均匀度影响的模拟研究[J]. 化工学报, 2024, 75(S1): 158-169.

Junhao HUANG, Keliang PANG, Fangyuan SUN, Fujun LIU, Zhiyuan GU, Long HAN, Yanquan DUAN, Yanhui FENG. Influence of bell structure of coke dry quenching furnace on coke distribution[J]. CIESC Journal, 2024, 75(S1): 158-169.

图/表 18

图1 Hertz-Mindlin(no slip)模型

Fig.1 Hertz-Mindlin(no slip) model

图2 干熄炉布料系统物理模型

Fig.2 Physical model of coke distributor in CDQ furnace

表1 焦炭颗粒和炉墙的物性参数

Table 1 Physical parameters of coke and wall

物质	密度/(kg·m^-3)	杨氏模量/Pa	泊松比	恢复系数	静摩擦因数	滚动摩擦因数
焦炭	980	2.2×10⁷	0.22	—	—	—
炉壁	4500	5.0×10⁹	0.30	—	—	—
焦炭-焦炭	—	—	—	0.20	0.56	0.15
焦炭-炉壁	—	—	—	0.20	0.41	0.09

表2 焦炭五级筛分粒径分布

Table 2 Particle size distribution of coke by five-stage screening

实际焦炭粒径分布/mm	模拟焦炭粒径分布/mm	质量分数/%	数量分数/%
25	75	15.76	51.85
32.5	97.5	18.28	27.37
50	150	42.56	17.50
70	210	18.70	2.80
80	240	4.70	0.47

图3 料钟分料的一次装焦切片图

Fig.3 Coke loaded in a single charge with bell

图4 原始横梁的料钟结构布料形成的料面形状

Fig.4 Stacked shape of coke charging by original beam

图5 原始横梁的料钟结构对大颗粒分布位置的影响

Fig.5 The influence of the original beam on distribution of large particle

图6 原始横梁的料钟结构对小颗粒分布位置的影响

Fig.6 The influence of the original beam on distribution of small particle

图7 横梁旋转90°的料钟模型

Fig.7 Bell model with 90° rotation of beam

图8 横梁旋转后的料钟结构布料形成的料面形状

Fig.8 Stacked shape of coke charging by rotational beam

图9 横梁旋转后的料钟结构对大颗粒分布位置的影响

Fig.9 The influence of beam ratation on distribution of large particle

图10 横梁旋转后的料钟结构对小颗粒分布位置的影响

Fig.10 The influence of beam ratation on distribution of small particle

图11 粒径偏析的分区统计方法

Fig.11 Partitioned statistical method for particle size segregation

表3 各区域宽度范围

Table 3 Width range of each region

区域编号	宽度范围/mm
1	0~1114
2	1114~2228
3	2228~3342
4	3342~4458
5	4458~5570
6	5570~6686
7	6686~7800

图12 纵向分区的颗粒平均粒径分布情况

Fig.12 Distribution of average particle size in vertical zones

图13 横向分区的颗粒平均粒径分布情况

Fig.13 Distribution of average particle size in horizontal zones

图14 纵向分区的颗粒标准偏差分布情况

Fig.14 Distribution of particle standard deviation in vertical partitioning

图15 横向分区的颗粒标准偏差分布情况

Fig.15 Distribution of particle standard deviation in horizontal partitioning

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干熄炉料钟结构对焦炭布料粒径均匀度影响的模拟研究

Influence of bell structure of coke dry quenching furnace on coke distribution

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