关键词: 固体碱催化剂, 水滑石, 菜籽油, 脂肪酸甲酯, 生物柴油, 氧化安定性

Abstract: Hydrotalcite was prepared by co-precipitation of magnesium and aluminum nitrate solution.After calcination, the hydrotalcite was converted to Mg-Al composite oxides.The transesterification of rapeseed oil was carried out by using treated Mg-Al composite oxides as catalyst.Through orthogonal analysis, the optimum reaction conditions obtained for the transesterification were set at temperature 65 ℃, mole ratio of methanol to rapeseed oil 6∶1, reaction time 3 h, and catalyst dosage 2% (on rapeseed oil mass).The yield of fatty acid methyl ester (biodiesel fuel) was 95.7%.The fluidity of the biodiesel fuel at low temperature was much better than that of No.0 diesel fuel and the flash point was as high as 170 ℃ with a sound oxidation stability.Other principal physicochemical properties of the biodiesl fuel were similar to that of No.0 diesel fuel.The biodiesel fuel could be blended with No.0 diesel fuel at any ratio.

Key words: 固体碱催化剂, 水滑石, 菜籽油, 脂肪酸甲酯, 生物柴油, 氧化安定性