垂直管气液两相环状流的界面扰动波速度

doi:10.11949/j.issn.0438-1157.20171574

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

在气液两相环状流中，界面波是两相间质量、动量和能量转移的重要载体，对其特性参数（波速、波频和波幅）的研究具有重要意义。首先根据气液两相流界面波分类，对其特征进行了定性描述。针对现有的界面剪切力推导了界面扰动波速度预测模型，考虑了气核中夹带液滴引起的密度增量及气核与液膜表面相对速度的影响，得到了改进的垂直管环状流扰动波速预测模型。针对工业现场工况压力较高现状，设计了基于近红外吸收衰减技术和互相关原理的界面波波速测量传感器，在五种压力（0.2～0.9 MPa） 154个界面波波动速度条件下进行了实验。结果表明，改进后模型预测效果良好，相对误差在±10%左右，在不同系统压力条件下具有一定外推性。

关键词: 垂直管, 气液两相流, 优化, 吸收, 界面波, 波动速度, 预测

Abstract:

In two-phase annular flow, interfacial waves play a crucial role in mass, momentum and energy transfers between two phases. It is important to study characteristic parameters of the interfacial waves (wave velocity, wave frequency and amplitude). First, interfacial waves were classified and qualitatively described characteristics of every wave type. Then, interfacial wave velocity prediction model was developed on the basis of interfacial shear stress. With consideration of density increment of gas core caused by entrained droplets and effect of relative velocities between gas core and liquid film surface, a modified disturbance wave velocity prediction model was obtained for vertical two-phase annular flow. Interfacial wave velocity measurement sensor based on near infrared (NIR) absorption attenuation technology and cross-correlation principle was designed for high operating pressure in industrial process. Measurements of 154 different interfacial wave velocities under five system pressures of 0.2-0.9 MPa showed that the modified model had good prediction results with less than ±10% relative standard deviations and some extrapolation capability for different system pressure conditions.

Key words: vertical pipe, gas-liquid flow, optimization, absorption, interfacial wave, wave velocity, prediction

中图分类号:

赵宁, 王配配, 郭素娜, 方立德, 王东星, 陈雪. 垂直管气液两相环状流的界面扰动波速度[J]. 化工学报, DOI: 10.11949/j.issn.0438-1157.20171574.

ZHAO Ning, WANG Peipei, GUO Suna, FANG Lide, WANG Dongxing, CHEN Xue. Interfacial disturbance wave velocity of gas-liquid two-phase annular flow in vertical pipe[J]. CIESC Journal, DOI: 10.11949/j.issn.0438-1157.20171574.

参考文献 34

[1]	张军, 陈听宽, 闻建龙, 等. 垂直同心环形管内上升气液两相环状流含气率与压降预测[J]. 化工学报, 2003, 54(1):47-51. ZHANG J, CHEN T K, WEN J L, et al. Prediction of void fraction and pressure drop for upward gas-liquid two-phase flow through vertical concentric annulus[J]. Journal of Chemical Industry and Engineering(China), 2003, 54(1):47-51.
[2]	SIMMONS M J H, HANRATTY T J. Droplet size measurements in horizontal annular gas-liquid flow[J]. International Journal of Multiphase Flow, 2001, 27(5):861-883.
[3]	WOLF A, JAYANTI S, HEWITT G F. Flow development in vertical annular flow[J]. Chemical Engineering Science, 2001, 56(10):3221-3235.
[4]	JONG P D, GABRIEL K S. A preliminary study of two-phase annular flow at microgravity:experimental data of film thickness[J]. International Journal of Multiphase Flow, 2003, 29(8):1203-1220.
[5]	SETYAWAN A, INDARTO I, DEENDARLIANTO A. The effect of the fluid properties on the wave velocity and wave frequency of gasliquid annular two-phase flow in a horizontal pipe[J]. Experimental Thermal & Fluid Science, 2016, 71:25-41.
[6]	KUMAR R, GOTTMANN M, SRIDHAR K R. Film thickness and wave velocity measurements in a vertical duct[J]. Journal of Fluids Engineering, 2002, 124(3):634-642.
[7]	SAWANT P, ISHⅡ M, HAZUKU T, et al. Properties of disturbance waves in vertical annular two-phase flow[J]. Nuclear Engineering & Design, 2008, 238(12):3528-3541.
[8]	OUSAKA A, MORIOKA I, FUKANO T. Air-water annular two-phase flow in horizontal and near horizontal tubes:disturbance wave characteristics and liquid transportation[J]. Japanese Journal of Multiphase Flow, 1992, 6(1):80-87.
[9]	HAN H, ZHU Z, GABRIEL K. A study on the effect of gas flow rate on the wave characteristics in two-phase gas-liquid annular flow[J]. Nuclear Engineering & Design, 2006, 236(24):2580-2588.
[10]	SCHUBRING D, SHEDD T A. Wave behavior in horizontal annular air-water flow[J]. International Journal of Multiphase Flow, 2008, 34(7):636-646.
[11]	GAWAS K, KARAMI H, PEREYRA E, et al. Wave characteristics in gas-oil two-phase flow and large pipe diameter[J]. International Journal of Multiphase Flow, 2014, 63:93-104.
[12]	WOLF A, JAYANTI S, HEWITT G F. Flow development in vertical annular flow[J]. Chemical Engineering Science, 2001, 56(10):3221-3235.
[13]	SEKOGUCHI K, MORI K. New development of experimental study on interfacial structure in gas-liquid two-phase flow[C]//Proc. 4th World Conference on Experimental Heat Transfer, Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics. 2nd ed. Brussels, 1997:1177-1188.
[14]	劳力云, 张宏建, 吴应湘, 等. 水平管道气液两相流中空隙率对动态压降信号的影响[J]. 化工学报, 2000, 51(4):547-550. LAO L Y, ZHANG H J, WU Y X, et al. Influence of void fraction on dynamic pressure drop signal in horizontal pipe gas-liquid two-phase flow[J]. Journal of Chemical Industry and Engineering(China), 2000, 51(4):547-550.
[15]	郭烈锦. 两相与多相流动力学[M]. 西安:西安交通大学出版社, 2002. GUO L J. Two-phase and Multiphase Flow Mechanics[M]. Xi'an:Xi'an Jiaotong University Press, 2002.
[16]	NEDDERMAN R M, SHEARER C J. The motion and frequency of large disturbance waves in annular two-phase flow of airwater mixtures[J]. Chemical Engineering Science, 1963, 18(8):661-670.
[17]	PALEEV I I, FILIPPOVICH B S. Phenomena of liquid transfer in twophase dispersed annular flow[J]. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 1966, 9(10):1089-1093.
[18]	ASHWOOD A C, VANDENHOGEN S J, RODARTE M A, et al. A multiphase, micro-scale PIV measurement technique for liquid film velocity measurements in annular two-phase flow[J]. International Journal of Multiphase Flow, 2015, 68:27-39.
[19]	张文伟, 柯鹏, 杨春信, 等. 气液两相流界面多尺度问题可计算性研究进展[J]. 化工学报, 2014, 65(12):4645-4652. ZHANG W W, KE P, YANG C X, et al. Progress of computability of multi-scale interface problems in gas-liquid two-phase flow[J]. CIESC Journal, 2014, 65(12):4645-4652.
[20]	OMEBERE-IYARI N K, AZZOPARDI B J. A study of flow patterns for gas/liquid flow in small diameter tubes[J]. Chemical Engineering Research & Design, 2007, 85(2):180-192.
[21]	SCHUBRING D, SHEDD T A, HURLBURT E T. Studying disturbance waves in vertical annular flow with high-speed video[J]. International Journal of Multiphase Flow, 2010, 36(5):385-396.
[22]	Al-SARKHI A, SARICA C, MAGRINI K. Inclination effects on wave characteristics in annular gas-liquid flows[J]. AIChE Journal, 2012, 58(4):1018-1029.
[23]	李广军, 郭烈锦, 陈学俊, 等. 水平矩形管内气液两相流界面波特性[J]. 化工学报, 1997, 48(6):740-745. LI G J, GUO L J, CHEN X J, et al. Charactersitics of interfacial waves in horizontal gas-liquid two-phase flow through rectangular channel[J]. Journal of Chemical Industry and Engineering(China), 1997, 48(6):740-745.
[24]	OTTENS M, KLINKSPOOR K, HOEFSLOOT H C J, et al. Wave characteristics during cocurrent gas-liquid pipe flow[J]. Experimental Thermal & Fluid Science, 1999, 19(3):140-150.
[25]	PENG C A, JURMAN L A, MCCREADY M J. Formation of solitary waves on gas-sheared liquid layers[J]. International Journal of Multiphase Flow, 1991, 17(6):767-782.
[26]	HEWITT G F, ROBERTS D N. Studies of two-phase flow patterns by simultaneous X-ray and flash photography[J]. AERE-M 2159, Harwell, UK, 1969.
[27]	VAN W M, VAN M H R E, OOMS G, et al. Modeling wet-gas annular/dispersed flow through a Venturi[J]. AIChE Journal, 2003, 49(49):1383-1391.
[28]	GROLMAN E, JMH F. Gas-liquid flow in slightly inclined pipes[J]. Chemical Engineering Science, 1997, 52(24):4461-4471.
[29]	WOLDESEMAYATA M A, GHAJAR A J. Comparison of void fraction correlations for different flow patterns in horizontal and upward inclined pipes[J]. International Journal of Multiphase Flow, 2007, 33(4):347-370.
[30]	褚小立. 化学计量学方法与分子光谱分析技术[M]. 北京:化学工业出版社, 2011:259-300. CHU X L. Molecular Spectroscopy Analytical Technology Combined with Chemometrics and Its Applications[M]. Beijing:Chemical Industry Press, 2011:259-300.
[31]	AZZOPARDI B J. Drops in annular two-phase flow[J]. International Journal of Multiphase Flow, 1997, 23(7):1-53.
[32]	IDE H, MATSUMURA H, KADO H. Velocity of liquid lumps in vertical upward gas-liquid two-phase flow in capillary tubes:effect of tube diameter in annular flow[J]. Transactions of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers Part B, 1992, 58(549):1372-1377.
[33]	KAJI R, AZZOPARDI B J. The effect of pipe diameter on the structure of gas/liquid flow in vertical pipes[J]. International Journal of Multiphase Flow, 2010, 36(4):303-313.
[34]	DASGUPTA A, CHANDRAKER D K, KSHIRASAGAR S, et al. Experimental investigation on dominant waves in upward air-water two-phase flow in churn and annular regime[J]. Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science, 2017, 81:147-163.