石墨烯基气凝胶对有机物的饱和吸附能力

doi:10.11949/j.issn.0438-1157.20180603

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以Pickering乳液法进行了石墨烯基气凝胶(GA)的制备，并以纯有机物和水中乳化油分为吸附对象，对其饱和吸附能力进行了评价，综合对比了不同研究者利用碳纳米材料所制备碳基气凝胶对纯有机化合物的吸附能力，发现包含本文所制备的GA在内的各种碳基气凝胶对不同的有机物的吸附能力与有机物的密度成正比，表明单位质量碳基气凝胶吸附有机物的体积(cm³?g^?1)为定值，与具体的被吸附有机物的种类无关。推断有机物在气凝胶材料中的吸附是一种体积填充行为，气凝胶孔隙体积的大小对于其吸附有机物的能力具有重要影响，但孔隙的占有率也是决定实际吸附有机物能力的关键因素。所制备的GA对水中油分的吸附能力低于其对纯油分的吸附能力，应与水的竞争吸附、有机物的扩散阻力等有关。

关键词: 气凝胶, 石墨烯, 纳米材料, 吸附, 有机化合物

Abstract:

Graphene aerogel (GA) was prepared through Pickering emulsion method. Pure organic compounds and oil emulsion in water were used as substances to be absorbed by GA. Saturated adsorption capacities were observed for the GA prepared in this work and for carbon aerogels from other researchers. It was found that the saturated adsorption capacities of almost all the carbon aerogels were directly proportional to densities of the organics, indicating constant adsorption volume of organics exists for certain carbon aerogel, independent of the kind of organics. It is expected that the adsorption of organics by carbon aerogels is a volume filling process, so that higher pore volume of aerogels favors the saturated adsorption abilities of organics. However, occupancy of pores, or the filling percent of pores by organics is also an important determining factor. The prepared GA has lower adsorption capacity for oil in water than its adsorption capacity for pure oil, and should be related to competitive adsorption of water and diffusion resistance of organic matter.

Key words: aerogel, graphene, nanomaterials, adsorption, organic compounds

中图分类号:

O 647.3

刘会娥, 黄扬帆, 马雁冰, 陈爽. 石墨烯基气凝胶对有机物的饱和吸附能力[J]. 化工学报, 2019, 70(1): 280-289.

Hui e LIU, Yangfan HUANG, Yanbing MA, Shuang CHEN. Saturated adsorption capacities of graphene aerogels on organics[J]. CIESC Journal, 2019, 70(1): 280-289.

图/表 10

参考文献 36

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No.	Aerogel type	Adsorbate	Adsorption capacity/(g·g^?1)	Ref.
1	hybrid foam of graphene and carbon nanotube	compressor oil	85	[9]
		sesam oil	102
		chloroform	105
		toluene	130
		DMF	105
		dichlorobenzene	131
2	graphene sponge	diesel oil	129	[10]
		vegetable oil	96
		chloroform	154
		ethylene glycol	131
		acetic ester	93
		ethanol	79
		n-heptane	76
3	ultra-flyweight aerogel	crude oil	289	[11]
		motor oil	341
		vegetable oil	418
		ethanol	350
		n-hexane	215
		toluene	350
		1,4-dioxane	489
		1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate	527
		chloroform	568
		phenixin	743
4	graphene aerogel	n-hexane	120	[17]
		n-dodecane	140
		ethanol	143
		turpentine oil	162
		tributyl phosphate	170
		N-mehtyl pyrrolidone	173
		ethylene glycol	182
		dichloromethane	196
		carbon tetrachloride	250
5	graphene aerogel	n-hexane	138	[18]
		n-heptane	142
		vegetable oil	193
		pump oil	187
		white oil	193
		acetone	161
		ethanol	158
6	graphene sponge	petroleum ether	510	[19]
		acetone	710
		ethanol	660
		toluene	720
		pump oil	1010
		N-methyl pyrolidone	755
7	graphene/nanofiber aerogel	phenixin	735	[20]
		chloroform	642
		dichloroethane	515
		dioxane	471
		olive oil	390
		pump oil	381
		toluene	377
		p-xylene	355
		ethanol	312
		n-hexane	230
8	graphene aerogel	n-heptane	122	this work
		cyclohexane	138
		methylbenzene	150
		N,N-dimethylformamide	164
		dibutyl phthalate	170
		propanetriol	194
		phenixin	237
		aviation kerosene	140

No.	Aerogel type	Adsorbate	Adsorption capacity/(g·g^?1)	Ref.
1	hybrid foam of graphene and carbon nanotube	compressor oil	85	[9]
		sesam oil	102
		chloroform	105
		toluene	130
		DMF	105
		dichlorobenzene	131
2	graphene sponge	diesel oil	129	[10]
		vegetable oil	96
		chloroform	154
		ethylene glycol	131
		acetic ester	93
		ethanol	79
		n-heptane	76
3	ultra-flyweight aerogel	crude oil	289	[11]
		motor oil	341
		vegetable oil	418
		ethanol	350
		n-hexane	215
		toluene	350
		1,4-dioxane	489
		1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate	527
		chloroform	568
		phenixin	743
4	graphene aerogel	n-hexane	120	[17]
		n-dodecane	140
		ethanol	143
		turpentine oil	162
		tributyl phosphate	170
		N-mehtyl pyrrolidone	173
		ethylene glycol	182
		dichloromethane	196
		carbon tetrachloride	250
5	graphene aerogel	n-hexane	138	[18]
		n-heptane	142
		vegetable oil	193
		pump oil	187
		white oil	193
		acetone	161
		ethanol	158
6	graphene sponge	petroleum ether	510	[19]
		acetone	710
		ethanol	660
		toluene	720
		pump oil	1010
		N-methyl pyrolidone	755
7	graphene/nanofiber aerogel	phenixin	735	[20]
		chloroform	642
		dichloroethane	515
		dioxane	471
		olive oil	390
		pump oil	381
		toluene	377
		p-xylene	355
		ethanol	312
		n-hexane	230
8	graphene aerogel	n-heptane	122	this work
		cyclohexane	138
		methylbenzene	150
		N,N-dimethylformamide	164
		dibutyl phthalate	170
		propanetriol	194
		phenixin	237
		aviation kerosene	140

No.	Type of aerogel	Slope/ (cm³·g^?1)	R ²	Pore volume/(cm³·g^?1)	Pore occupancy/%	Ref.
M1	hybrid foam of graphene and carbon nanotube	98.57	0.9346	144.05	68.43	[9]
M2	ultra-flyweight aerogel	423.37	0.9877	713.83	59.31	[11]
M3	graphene aerogel	147.28	0.9958	321.92	45.75	[12]^①
M4	graphene aerogel	166.20	0.9940	166.00	100.12	[17]
M5	graphene aerogel	209.5	0.9992	237.64	88.15	[18]
M6	graphene sponge	759.57	0.9861	999.55	75.99	[19]
M7	graphene / nanofiber aerogel	432.4	0.9961	555.10	77.90	[20]
M8	graphene nanoribbon aerogel-1	44.67	0.9734	45.00	99.27	[21]
M9	graphene nanoribbon aerogel-2	111.91	0.9968	132.88	84.22	[21]
M10	polydimethylsiloxane modified graphene nanoribbon aerogels	196.78	0.9969	399.55	49.25	[21]
M11	graphene - carbon nanotube composite aerogel	87.01	0.9984	103.28	84.25	[22]
M12	carbon nanofiber aerogel	185.76	0.9880	199.56	93.08	[24]
M13	nitrogen-doped graphene aerogel	117.45	0.9844	199.55	58.86	[23]
M14	reduced graphene coated polyamides sponge	106.75	0.9919	113.20	94.30	[25]
M15	graphene oxide coated polyurethane sponge	92.94	0.9941	110.66	83.99	[25]
M16	carbon nanotube / graphene hybrid aerogel	138.50	0.9831	—	—	[26]
M17	N-doped graphene aerogel	71.39	0.9758	85.01	83.96	[27]
M18	graphene foam	24.77	0.9192	—	—	[28]
M19	carbon fiber aerogel	79.27	0.9863	82.88	95.64	[29]^①
M20	graphene-carbon nanotube aerogel	37.82	0.9989	—	—	[30]
M21	graphene aerogel	160.57	0.9943	169.61	94.67	this work

No.	Type of aerogel	Slope/ (cm³·g^?1)	R ²	Pore volume/(cm³·g^?1)	Pore occupancy/%	Ref.
M1	hybrid foam of graphene and carbon nanotube	98.57	0.9346	144.05	68.43	[9]
M2	ultra-flyweight aerogel	423.37	0.9877	713.83	59.31	[11]
M3	graphene aerogel	147.28	0.9958	321.92	45.75	[12]^①
M4	graphene aerogel	166.20	0.9940	166.00	100.12	[17]
M5	graphene aerogel	209.5	0.9992	237.64	88.15	[18]
M6	graphene sponge	759.57	0.9861	999.55	75.99	[19]
M7	graphene / nanofiber aerogel	432.4	0.9961	555.10	77.90	[20]
M8	graphene nanoribbon aerogel-1	44.67	0.9734	45.00	99.27	[21]
M9	graphene nanoribbon aerogel-2	111.91	0.9968	132.88	84.22	[21]
M10	polydimethylsiloxane modified graphene nanoribbon aerogels	196.78	0.9969	399.55	49.25	[21]
M11	graphene - carbon nanotube composite aerogel	87.01	0.9984	103.28	84.25	[22]
M12	carbon nanofiber aerogel	185.76	0.9880	199.56	93.08	[24]
M13	nitrogen-doped graphene aerogel	117.45	0.9844	199.55	58.86	[23]
M14	reduced graphene coated polyamides sponge	106.75	0.9919	113.20	94.30	[25]
M15	graphene oxide coated polyurethane sponge	92.94	0.9941	110.66	83.99	[25]
M16	carbon nanotube / graphene hybrid aerogel	138.50	0.9831	—	—	[26]
M17	N-doped graphene aerogel	71.39	0.9758	85.01	83.96	[27]
M18	graphene foam	24.77	0.9192	—	—	[28]
M19	carbon fiber aerogel	79.27	0.9863	82.88	95.64	[29]^①
M20	graphene-carbon nanotube aerogel	37.82	0.9989	—	—	[30]
M21	graphene aerogel	160.57	0.9943	169.61	94.67	this work

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