熔融沉积3D打印材料粘接强度及模量预测研究

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20190155

化工学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 70 ›› Issue (7): 2727-2736.DOI: 10.11949/0438-1157.20190155

• 材料化学工程与纳米技术 • 上一篇下一篇

熔融沉积3D打印材料粘接强度及模量预测研究

张黎¹(),王新宇²,李征¹,谷俊峰^1,³,阮诗伦^1,³(),申长雨^1,³

1. 大连理工大学工程力学系，辽宁大连 116024
2. 俄亥俄州立大学化学及生物分子工程系，美国俄亥俄州 43210-1350
3. 大连理工大学工业装备结构分析国家重点实验室，辽宁大连 116024

收稿日期:2019-02-26 修回日期:2019-04-29 出版日期:2019-07-05 发布日期:2019-07-05
通讯作者: 阮诗伦
作者简介:张黎（1995—），女，硕士研究生，<email>zl19950124@163.com</email>
基金资助:
高等学校学科创新引智计划项目(B14013);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(DUT16TD05)

Prediction study on bond strength and modulus of fused deposition modeling product

Li ZHANG¹(),Xinyu WANG²,Zheng LI¹,Junfeng GU^1,³,Shilun RUAN^1,³(),Changyu SHEN^1,³

1. Department of Engineering Mechanics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, China
2. The William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Columbus, Ohio State 43210-1350, USA
3. State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis for Industrial Equipment, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, China

Received:2019-02-26 Revised:2019-04-29 Online:2019-07-05 Published:2019-07-05
Contact: Shilun RUAN

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

主要介绍了一种用于预测熔融沉积模型(FDM)层间粘接强度的扩散修复模型。根据流变数据确定温度相关扩散模型，基于一维瞬态热分析预测FDM部件层间的扩散。将温度历史上的扩散系数对时间积分得到界面分子总扩散，进而得到层间粘接强度预测模型。结果表明：不同打印条件下预测结果与测得的粘合强度结果的吻合度较好，且该模型经修正后也适用于FDM部件弹性模量的预测。通过三点弯曲实验与数值模拟的结果对比，验证了粘接强度及模量预测模型的可用性。因此，可以作为FDM打印件承载性能预测的有效模型。

关键词: 聚合物, 熔融沉积成型, 层间粘接性能预测, 扩散, 数值模拟

Abstract:

A diffusion repatr model for the predicting bond strength between layers of fused deposition modeling (FDM) is introduced. The temperature-dependent diffusion model was determined based on the rheological data. The diffusion between the layers of the FDM components was predicted based on one-dimensional transient thermal analysis. The diffusion coefficient of temperature history was integrated with time to obtain the total diffusion of interfacial molecules, and then the interlaminar bond strength prediction model was obtained. The results showed that the predicted bond strength is in good agreement with the measured data under different printing conditions, which indicates that the prediction model is reasonable. Finally, the usability of the model is verified by a combination of three-point bending experiments and numerical simulations. Therefore, it can be used as an effective model for predicting the performance of FDM prints.

Key words: polymers, fused deposition modeling, prediction of interlaminar mechanical properties, diffusion, simulation

中图分类号:

TQ 320.66

张黎, 王新宇, 李征, 谷俊峰, 阮诗伦, 申长雨. 熔融沉积3D打印材料粘接强度及模量预测研究[J]. 化工学报, 2019, 70(7): 2727-2736.

Li ZHANG, Xinyu WANG, Zheng LI, Junfeng GU, Shilun RUAN, Changyu SHEN. Prediction study on bond strength and modulus of fused deposition modeling product[J]. CIESC Journal, 2019, 70(7): 2727-2736.

图/表 21

图1 丝材粘接过程

Fig.1 Material bonding process

图2 熔融沉积成型过程及有限元模型建立

Fig.2 Fused deposition molding process and establishment of finite element model

表1 打印条件参数

Table 1 Parameters of different printing conditions

打印条件编号	打印速率/(mm/s)	喷嘴温度/℃	平台温度/℃	层高/mm	纤维宽度/mm	单层打印时间/s
1	40	250	100	0.2	0.4	6
2	60	250	100	0.2	0.4	4
3	20	250	100	0.2	0.4	12
4	40	230	100	0.2	0.4	6
5	40	250	80	0.2	0.4	6
6	40	250	100	0.1	0.4	6
7	40	250	100	0.3	0.4	6

表2 材料属性参数

Table 2 Material property parameters

比热容/

(J/(kg?℃))

热导率/

(W/(m?K))

密度/(kg/m³)

对流传热系数/

(W/(m²?℃))

2340

0.234

1040

图3 不同打印条件下的试样拉伸强度结果

Fig.3 Tensile strength results of samples under different printing conditions

图4 试样横截面偏光图像及测量结果

Fig.4 Polarized image of cross section of sample and width measurement results

表3 不同打印条件下的纤维宽度及粘接宽度

Table 3 Fiber widths and bond widths under different printing conditions

打印条件编号	纤维宽度/mm	粘接宽度/mm	纤维宽度/mm	f_wetting
1	0.40	0.33	0.43	0.78
2	0.40	0.34	0.44	0.77
3	0.40	0.34	0.44	0.78
4	0.40	0.33	0.44	0.76
5	0.40	0.32	0.43	0.75
6	0.40	0.39	0.43	0.90
7	0.40	0.27	0.44	0.61

表4 环境温度及基底温度

Table 4 Environment and substrate temperature

打印条件编号	环境温度/℃	基底温度/℃
1	50.07	77.67
2	51.74	92.65
3	49.84	58.1
4	51.77	75.01
5	45.18	73.42
6	52.3	69.53
7	51.74	79.7

图5 参考条件下层间界面温度随时间的变化曲线

Fig.5 Interface temperature versus time curve under reference conditions

图6 频率为0.05 rad/s时黏度随温度的变化曲线

Fig.6 Viscosity versus temperature curve at frequency of 0.05 rad/s

图7 不同打印条件下扩散参数随时间的变化曲线

Fig.7 Curves of diffusion parameters versus time under different printing conditions

图8 模型参数拟合及强度结果对比

Fig.8 Fit of model parameters and comparison of strength results

图9 应力-应变曲线

Fig.9 Stress-strain curve

图10 模型参数拟合及模量结果对比

Fig.10 Fit of model parameters and comparison of modulus results

图11 打印试样

Fig.11 Print sample

图12 有限元模型及网格划分

Fig.12 Finite element model and mesh

表5 结构分析中的材料属性

Table 5 Material properties for mechanical XFEM analysis

部件	弹性模量E/MPa	Poisson比ν	密度ρ/(kg/m³)
part-1	2300.00	0.38	1150
part-2	819.83	0.38	1150
压头/支座	2.10×10⁵	0.3	7900

图13 载荷-挠度曲线

Fig.13 Load-deflection curve

图14 试样断裂前后的局部形貌

Fig.14 Local morphology of sample before and after fracture

图15 裂纹扩展过程

Fig.15 Crack propagation process

图16 裂纹随压头位移变化过程

Fig.16 Process of crack change with head displacement

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熔融沉积3D打印材料粘接强度及模量预测研究

Prediction study on bond strength and modulus of fused deposition modeling product

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打印条件编号	打印速率/(mm/s)	喷嘴温度/℃	平台温度/℃	层高/mm	纤维宽度/mm	单层打印时间/s
1	40	250	100	0.2	0.4	6
2	60	250	100	0.2	0.4	4
3	20	250	100	0.2	0.4	12
4	40	230	100	0.2	0.4	6
5	40	250	80	0.2	0.4	6
6	40	250	100	0.1	0.4	6
7	40	250	100	0.3	0.4	6

打印条件编号	打印速率/(mm/s)	喷嘴温度/℃	平台温度/℃	层高/mm	纤维宽度/mm	单层打印时间/s
1	40	250	100	0.2	0.4	6
2	60	250	100	0.2	0.4	4
3	20	250	100	0.2	0.4	12
4	40	230	100	0.2	0.4	6
5	40	250	80	0.2	0.4	6
6	40	250	100	0.1	0.4	6
7	40	250	100	0.3	0.4	6

打印条件编号	打印速率/(mm/s)	喷嘴温度/℃	平台温度/℃	层高/mm	纤维宽度/mm	单层打印时间/s
1	40	250	100	0.2	0.4	6
2	60	250	100	0.2	0.4	4
3	20	250	100	0.2	0.4	12
4	40	230	100	0.2	0.4	6
5	40	250	80	0.2	0.4	6
6	40	250	100	0.1	0.4	6
7	40	250	100	0.3	0.4	6

打印条件编号	打印速率/(mm/s)	喷嘴温度/℃	平台温度/℃	层高/mm	纤维宽度/mm	单层打印时间/s
1	40	250	100	0.2	0.4	6
2	60	250	100	0.2	0.4	4
3	20	250	100	0.2	0.4	12
4	40	230	100	0.2	0.4	6
5	40	250	80	0.2	0.4	6
6	40	250	100	0.1	0.4	6
7	40	250	100	0.3	0.4	6

打印条件编号	打印速率/(mm/s)	喷嘴温度/℃	平台温度/℃	层高/mm	纤维宽度/mm	单层打印时间/s
1	40	250	100	0.2	0.4	6
2	60	250	100	0.2	0.4	4
3	20	250	100	0.2	0.4	12
4	40	230	100	0.2	0.4	6
5	40	250	80	0.2	0.4	6
6	40	250	100	0.1	0.4	6
7	40	250	100	0.3	0.4	6

打印条件编号	打印速率/(mm/s)	喷嘴温度/℃	平台温度/℃	层高/mm	纤维宽度/mm	单层打印时间/s
1	40	250	100	0.2	0.4	6
2	60	250	100	0.2	0.4	4
3	20	250	100	0.2	0.4	12
4	40	230	100	0.2	0.4	6
5	40	250	80	0.2	0.4	6
6	40	250	100	0.1	0.4	6
7	40	250	100	0.3	0.4	6