新型多旋臂气液分离器入口旋流头的预分离特性研究

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20210274

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

新型多旋臂气液分离器可实现大直径分离器内的气液旋流高效分离，其入口旋流头结构是分离器的重要组件之一。通过大型冷模实验，对入口旋流头结构的液滴群粒径分布进行非引出式在线测量，从压降和分离效率角度考察了旋流头的预分离性能。结果表明，在入口直管段，初始液滴粒径会在高速气流的作用下迅速进行重新分布，粒径分布呈类正态分布，Sauter平均粒径（SMD）为16.8 μm。在16.95 m/s的气速下，液滴群在H/D=2.47~8.48长度内的入口直管段中运动状态稳定，粒径分布未发生明显变化。在高气速的操作条件下，剪切效应和边壁效应共同作用使SMD略有增大。液滴群在流经旋流臂后，粒径分布发生显著变化，出现“双峰”特征，旋流臂对液滴的聚集效果明显。通过粒径分布分析，预测了旋流臂末端的液滴特征。发现旋流头的预分离性能优越，在压降占比仅3.2%~8.4%的情况下，分离效率占比可高达42.8%~62.5%。入口旋流头结构不仅可以为混合相创造强旋流的初始分离环境，还能借助自身结构特点实现对混合相的惯性预分离。

关键词: 入口结构, 粒度分布, 分离, 多相流

Abstract:

The novel multi-rotor gas-liquid vortex separator can realize the high-efficiency separation of gas-liquid cyclone in the large-diameter separator. The inlet vortex head is one of the critical components of the separator. The droplet size distribution and the pre-separation performance of the vortex head were investigated in a large-scale cold separator model. The initial droplet size distribution is rapidly redistributed under the high-speed airflow in the straight inlet pipe. The redistribution feature is similar to the Gaussian distribution with the Sauter mean diameter (SMD) is 16.8 μm. The droplets move stably in the straight inlet pipe with H/D = 2.47—8.48 at the gas velocity of 16.95 m/s, and the particle size distribution does not show apparent changes. At high gas velocity, the combined action of the shear effect and wall effect increases SMD slightly. The droplet size distribution changes significantly when the droplets flow through the vortex arms, showing the “double peak”. The impact of the vortex arms on the droplet aggregation is noticeable. Based on the particle size distribution analysis, the droplet characteristics at the end of vortex arms are obtained. It is found that the pre-separation performance of the vortex head is superior. When the pressure drop is only 3.2%—8.4% of the total pressure drop, the separation efficiency can be 42.8%—62.5% of the total separation efficiency. The inlet swirl head structure can not only create a strong swirling initial separation environment for the mixed phase, but also realize the inertial pre-separation of the mixed phase with its own structural characteristics.

Key words: inlet structure, particle size distribution, separation, multiphase flow

中图分类号:

TQ 028.2

周闻, 鄂承林, 李永祺, 郭玉娇, 李子轩, 卢春喜. 新型多旋臂气液分离器入口旋流头的预分离特性研究[J]. 化工学报, 2021, 72(9): 4775-4785.

Wen ZHOU, Chenglin E, Yongqi LI, Yujiao GUO, Zixuan LI, Chunxi LU. Study on pre-separation characteristics of inlet vortex head in novel gas-liquid vortex separator[J]. CIESC Journal, 2021, 72(9): 4775-4785.

图/表 13

图1 多旋臂气液旋流分离器实验流程图1—鼓风机;2—压力表;3—放空阀;4—涡街流量计;5—调节阀;6—入口温湿度计;7—超声波喷嘴;8—液体流量计;9—差压表;10—出口温湿度计;11—旋流头;12—分离空间;13—排液阀;14—收集罐A;15—水箱;16—水泵;17—漏斗;18—收集罐B

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of the experimental apparatus

图2 旋流头内液滴粒径测点截面图

Fig.2 Droplet size distribution measuring points in vortex head

图3 各个喷嘴的SMD

Fig.3 The SMD of nozzles

图4 喷嘴处液滴的粒径分布规律

Fig.4 Droplet size distribution at nozzles

图5 入口直管段的液滴SMD变化规律

Fig.5 Variation of SMD in straight inlet pipe

图6 不同位置处的粒径分布变化规律

Fig.6 Variation of particle size distribution at different positions

图7 不同气速下入口直管段末端液滴的粒径变化规律

Fig.7 Variation of droplet size at the end of straight inlet pipe at different gas velocities

图8 旋流臂粒径分布测试图

Fig.8 Schematic diagram of measuring points at vortex arm

图9 不同气速下经旋流臂后液滴的变化规律

Fig.9 Variation of droplets passing through vortex arms at different gas velocities

图10 液滴群在旋流臂前端和末端的粒径分布

Fig.10 Particle size distribution of droplets in front and end of vortex arm

图11 旋流臂末端不同气速下的液滴群特征

Fig.11 Droplet characteristics at different gas velocities in the end of vortex arm

图12 旋流头压降和设备总压降

Fig.12 Pressure drop of vortex head and total

图13 旋流头和分离器的分离效率

Fig.13 Separation efficiency of vortex head and total

参考文献 27

1	Fu T J, Li Z H. Review of recent development in Co-based catalysts supported on carbon materials for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis[J]. Chemical Engineering Science, 2015, 135: 3-20.
2	Zhang Y S, Yao Y L, Chang J L, et al. Fischer-Tropsch synthesis with ethene co-feeding: experimental evidence of the CO-insertion mechanism at low temperature[J]. AIChE Journal, 2020, 66(11): e17029.
3	Santos R G D, Alencar A C. Biomass-derived syngas production via gasification process and its catalytic conversion into fuels by Fischer Tropsch synthesis: a review[J]. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2020, 45(36): 18114-18132.
4	Zhou W, E C, Li Z X, et al. Separation characteristics in a novel gas-liquid vortex separator[J]. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 2020, 59(40): 18115-18125.
5	Hoffmann A C, Stein L E, Bradshaw P. Gas cyclones and swirl tubes: principles, design, and operation[J]. Applied Mechanics Reviews, 2003, 56: 17-28.
6	雷英庶, 陈启东, 张斌. 叶片组结构对气液旋风分离器性能的影响[J]. 机械设计, 2020, 37(7): 68-73.
	Lei Y S, Chen Q D, Zhang B. Effect of the blade group structure on the gas-liquid cyclone separator's performance[J]. Journal of Machine Design, 2020, 37(7): 68-73.
7	Xiong Z Q, Lu M C, Li Y Z, et al. Effects of the slots on the performance of swirl-vane separator[J]. Nuclear Engineering and Design, 2013, 265: 13-18.
8	Ali H, Plaza F, Mann A. Numerical prediction of dust capture efficiency of a centrifugal wet scrubber[J]. AIChE Journal, 2018, 64(3): 1001-1012.
9	Fu P B, Jiang X, Ma L, et al. Enhancement of PM_2.5 cyclone separation by droplet capture and particle sorting[J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 2018, 52(20): 11652-11659.
10	杨维旺, 王燕云, 于洪传. 叶片结构对轴流导叶式旋风分离器性能的影响分析[J]. 流体机械, 2020, 48(12): 14-21.
	Yang W W, Wang Y Y, Yu H C. Analysis of effect of the blade structure on performance of an axial guide vane cyclone separator[J]. Fluid Machinery, 2020, 48(12): 14-21.
11	Tang Y F, Qiao Z L, Cao Y, et al. Numerical analysis of separation performance of an axial-flow cyclone for supercritical CO₂-water separation in CO₂ plume geothermal systems[J]. Separation and Purification Technology, 2020, 248: 116999.
12	罗小明, 高奇峰, 刘萌, 等. 轴流式气-液旋流分离器分离特性[J]. 石油学报(石油加工), 2020, 36(3): 592-599.
	Luo X M, Gao Q F, Liu M, et al. Separation characteristics of axial-flow gas-liquid cyclone separator[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica (Petroleum Processing Section), 2020, 36(3): 592-599.
13	Huang L, Deng S S, Chen Z, et al. Numerical analysis of a novel gas-liquid pre-separation cyclone[J]. Separation and Purification Technology, 2018, 194: 470-479.
14	Liu L, Bai B F. Scaling laws for gas-liquid flow in swirl vane separators[J]. Nuclear Engineering and Design, 2016, 298: 229-239.
15	Shan Y, Coyle T W, Mostaghimi J. Numerical simulation of droplet breakup and collision in the solution precursor plasma spraying[J]. Journal of Thermal Spray Technology, 2007, 16(5/6): 698-704.
16	Wang L Z, Feng J M, Gao X, et al. Investigation on the oil-gas separation efficiency considering oil droplets breakup and collision in a swirling flow[J]. Chemical Engineering Research and Design, 2017, 117: 394-400.
17	Austrheim T, Gjertsen L H, Hoffmann A C. An experimental investigation of scrubber internals at conditions of low pressure[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2008, 138(1/2/3): 95-102.
18	王娟, 高助威, 张雪淼, 等. 旋流雾化喷嘴内气液两相流动的特性研究[J]. 石油炼制与化工, 2020, 51(3): 54-61.
	Wang J, Gao Z W, Zhang X M, et al. Study on characteristics of gas-liquid two-phase flow in swirl atomizing nozzle[J]. Petroleum Processing and Petrochemicals, 2020, 51(3): 54-61.
19	Ma L, Wang B J, Wang Y M. Optimization and industrial application of recycled hydrogen desulfurization process in a hydrogenation unit[J]. Petroleum Science and Technology, 2016, 34(21): 1749-1754.
20	Ma L, Shen Q S, Li J P, et al. Efficient gas-liquid cyclone device for recycled hydrogen in a hydrogenation unit[J]. Chemical Engineering & Technology, 2014, 37(6): 1072-1078.
21	Zhang Y H, Liu A L, Ma L, et al. Acid mist cyclone separation experiment on the hydrochloric acid regeneration system of a cold rolling steel plant[J]. Aerosol and Air Quality Research, 2016, 16(9): 2287-2293.
22	Song J F, Hu X F. A mathematical model to calculate the separation efficiency of streamlined plate gas-liquid separator[J]. Separation and Purification Technology, 2017, 178: 242-252.
23	李东芳, 谢绪扬, 高光才, 等. 天然气聚结过滤器气液分离性能的实验研究[J]. 化工机械, 2015, 42(3): 317-323.
	Li D F, Xie X Y, Gao G C, et al. Experimental study on gas/liquid separation performance of natural gas coalescent filter[J]. Chemical Engineering & Machinery, 2015, 42(3): 317-323.
24	Zhou W, E C, Fan Y P, et al. Experimental research on the separation characteristics of a gas-liquid cyclone separator in WGS[J]. Powder Technology, 2020, 372: 438-447.
25	王振波, 马艺, 金有海. 导叶式旋流器内油滴的聚结破碎及影响因素[J]. 化工学报, 2011, 62(2): 399-406.
	Wang Z B, Ma Y, Jin Y H. Droplet coalescence and breakup and its influence factors in vane-guided hydrocyclone[J]. CIESC Journal, 2011, 62(2): 399-406.
26	Yue T, Chen J Y, Song J F, et al. Experimental and numerical study of upper swirling liquid film (USLF) among gas-liquid cylindrical cyclones (GLCC)[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2019, 358: 806-820.
27	周闻, 王康松, 鄂承林, 等. 多旋臂气液旋流分离器压降特性试验[J]. 化工学报, 2019, 70(7): 2564-2573, 2821.
	Zhou W, Wang K S, E C L, et al. Multi-spiral gas-liquid vortex separator pressure drop characteristics test[J]. CIESC Journal, 2019, 70(7): 2564-2573, 2821.

[1]	宋瑞涛, 王派, 王云鹏, 李敏霞, 党超镔, 陈振国, 童欢, 周佳琦. 二氧化碳直接蒸发冰场排管内流动沸腾换热数值模拟分析[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(S1): 96-103.
[2]	赵亚欣, 张雪芹, 王荣柱, 孙国, 姚善泾, 林东强. 流穿模式离子交换层析去除单抗聚集体[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(9): 3879-3887.
[3]	邢雷, 苗春雨, 蒋明虎, 赵立新, 李新亚. 井下微型气液旋流分离器优化设计与性能分析[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(8): 3394-3406.
[4]	刘爽, 张霖宙, 许志明, 赵锁奇. 渣油及其组分黏度的分子层次组成关联研究[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(8): 3226-3241.
[5]	杨越, 张丹, 郑巨淦, 涂茂萍, 杨庆忠. NaCl水溶液喷射闪蒸-掺混蒸发的实验研究[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(8): 3279-3291.
[6]	张佳怡, 何佳莉, 谢江鹏, 王健, 赵鹬, 张栋强. 渗透汽化技术用于锂电池生产中N-甲基吡咯烷酮回收的研究进展[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(8): 3203-3215.
[7]	张瑞航, 曹潘, 杨锋, 李昆, 肖朋, 邓春, 刘蓓, 孙长宇, 陈光进. ZIF-8纳米流体天然气乙烷回收工艺的产品纯度关键影响因素分析[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(8): 3386-3393.
[8]	董明, 徐进良, 刘广林. 超临界水非均质特性分子动力学研究[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(7): 2836-2847.
[9]	文兆伦, 李沛睿, 张忠林, 杜晓, 侯起旺, 刘叶刚, 郝晓刚, 官国清. 基于自热再生的隔壁塔深冷空分工艺设计及优化[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(7): 2988-2998.
[10]	张缘良, 栾昕奇, 苏伟格, 李畅浩, 赵钟兴, 周利琴, 陈健民, 黄艳, 赵祯霞. 离子液体复合萃取剂选择性萃取尼古丁的研究及DFT计算[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(7): 2947-2956.
[11]	高金明, 郭玉娇, 鄂承林, 卢春喜. 一种封闭罩内顺流多旋臂气液分离器的分离特性研究[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(7): 2957-2966.
[12]	韩奎奎, 谭湘龙, 李金芝, 杨婷, 张春, 张永汾, 刘洪全, 于中伟, 顾学红. 四通道中空纤维MFI分子筛膜用于二甲苯异构体分离[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(6): 2468-2476.
[13]	朱兴驰, 郭志远, 纪志永, 汪婧, 张盼盼, 刘杰, 赵颖颖, 袁俊生. 选择性电渗析镁锂分离过程模拟优化[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(6): 2477-2485.
[14]	郑志航, 马郡男, 闫子涵, 卢春喜. 提升管射流影响区内压力脉动特性研究[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(6): 2335-2350.
[15]	王蕾, 王磊, 白云龙, 何柳柳. SA膜状锂离子筛的制备及其锂吸附性能[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(5): 2046-2056.