大空间液氢射流泄漏扩散特性

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20220948

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

建立了大空间液氢射流泄漏三维非稳态CFD数值计算模型，开展了泄漏扩散规律研究。并对比研究了静风与顺风条件下，液氢射流泄漏所产生氢气云团的运动特性，使用无量纲数对同一时刻流场中不同位置的氢气云团行为进行了分析。结果表明，液氢射流泄漏过程包括自由出流、相变沉降、气云上升和稳定四个阶段。射流体具有较大水平速度时，由于惯性力的作用更显著，浮升力的作用难以体现，氢气云团会贴地运动更长的距离，这也增大了泄漏事故的危害性。

关键词: 氢, 多相流, 泄漏, 数值模拟, 扩散

Abstract:

A three-dimensional unsteady CFD numerical calculation model of liquid hydrogen jet leakage in large space was established, and the law of leakage and diffusion was studied. The numerical results reveal that four stages of hydrogen cloud occur, namely free discharge stage, sedimentation stage caused by phase change, ascent stage and stabilization stage. Besides, the hydrogen cloud would move longer distance against the ground because the effect of inertial force was more significant and the effect of buoyancy force was difficult to manifest, which also increased the hazard of spill.

Key words: hydrogen, multiphase flow, leakage, numerical simulation, diffusion

中图分类号:

TK 91

厉劲风, 方凯, 许好好, 李鑫坤, 谢军龙, 陈建业. 大空间液氢射流泄漏扩散特性[J]. 化工学报, 2022, 73(11): 5177-5185.

Jinfeng LI, Kai FANG, Haohao XU, Xinkun LI, Junlong XIE, Jianye CHEN. Diffusion features of jet leakage with liquid hydrogen in large space[J]. CIESC Journal, 2022, 73(11): 5177-5185.

图/表 12

图1 开放空间液氢泄漏几何模型

Fig.1 Geometrical model of liquid hydrogen leakage in open space

图2 分区域网格图

Fig.2 Schematic of grid with sub-domains

图3 不同网格数下X=0, Z=1.4 m直线上温度分布

Fig.3 Temperature distribution on the line of X=0, Z=1.4 m with various grid numbers

表1 HSL test7实验条件［8-9］

Table 1 Experimental conditions for test 7 by HSL［8-9］

风速/(m/s)	风向	环境温度/K	大气压力/kPa	泄漏孔高度/m	泄漏孔直径/m	液氢质量分数％	泄漏速率/(m/s)
2.9	+Y	284.65	101.325	0.86	0.0263	35	106

图4 仿真与实验数据对比

Fig.4 Simulated temperature data vs experimental values

图5 不同时刻温度分布

Fig.5 Temperature distribution at various times

图6 不同时刻氢气浓度分布

Fig.6 Hydrogen concentration distribution at various times

图7 不同时刻Ri分布

Fig.7 Distribution of Ri at various times

图8 不同时刻温度分布（X=0, va=2 m/s）

Fig.8 Temperature distribution at various times (X=0, va=2 m/s)

图9 不同时刻氢气浓度分布（X=0, va=2 m/s）

Fig.9 Hydrogen concentration at different times (X=0, va=2 m/s)

图10 不同风速下地面附近氢气浓度随距离的变化（Z=0.1 m，t=60 s）

Fig.10 Hydrogen concentration near the ground with various wind speeds (Z =0.1 m，t=60 s)

图11 4%氢气浓度区域Ri云图（t=60 s，va=2 m/s）

Fig.11 Distribution of Ri in the region of hydrogen concentration of 4% （t=60 s，va=2 m/s）

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