污泥焚烧炉渣基定型复合相变储热材料的制备和性能

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20211680

化工学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 73 ›› Issue (5): 2279-2287.DOI: 10.11949/0438-1157.20211680

• 材料化学工程与纳米技术 • 上一篇

污泥焚烧炉渣基定型复合相变储热材料的制备和性能

宋超宇¹(),熊亚选¹(),张金花²,金宇贺¹,药晨华¹,王辉祥¹,丁玉龙³

^1.北京建筑大学环境与能源工程学院供热供燃气通风及空调工程北京市重点实验室，北京 100044
^2.北京中建建筑科学研究院有限公司，北京 100076
^3.伯明翰大学伯明翰储能中心，伯明翰 B15 2TT，英国

收稿日期:2021-11-26 修回日期:2022-03-08 出版日期:2022-05-05 发布日期:2022-05-24
通讯作者: 熊亚选
作者简介:宋超宇（1998—），女，硕士研究生，1807931498@qq.com
基金资助:
北京市教委科研项目(KM201910016011);北京建筑大学研究生创新项目(PG2021052)

Preparation and performance study of incinerated slag based shape-stable phase change composites

Chaoyu SONG¹(),Yaxuan XIONG¹(),Jinhua ZHANG²,Yuhe JIN¹,Chenhua YAO¹,Huixiang WANG¹,Yulong DING³

^1.Beijing Key Laboratory of Heating, Gas Supply, Ventilating and Air Conditioning Engineering, School of Environmental and Energy Engineering, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China
^2.Beijing Building Research Institute Co. , Ltd. of CSCEC, Beijing 100076, China
^3.Birmingham Center for Energy Storage, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK

Received:2021-11-26 Revised:2022-03-08 Online:2022-05-05 Published:2022-05-24
Contact: Yaxuan XIONG

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

市政污泥的大量堆积或填埋会破坏局部生态环境，而焚烧可实现污泥的无害化处理，但污泥炉渣中的重金属难以有效固定。为有效固定污泥炉渣中的重金属，资源化利用污泥焚烧炉渣制备低成本复合相变储热材料，提出市政污泥焚烧炉渣作为骨架材料，硝酸钠为相变储热材料，采用冷压-烧结法制备了5种不同质量比的污泥焚烧炉渣基定型复合相变储热材料，并对其传热储热性能、微观形貌、抗压性能以及化学相容性进行研究。结果表明，在100～400℃范围内，焚烧炉渣与硝酸钠质量比为5∶5（样品SS3）时定型复合相变储热材料具有最佳的传热储热性能和良好的高温热稳定性，可实现对重金属的有效固定；炉渣组分与硝酸钠间具有良好的化学相容性，样品SS3的储热密度高达409.25 J/g，热导率最高达0.955 W/（m·K），抗压强度为139.65 MPa。经历500次加热/冷却循环后，样品SS3仍然具有良好的传热储热性能，表明污泥焚烧炉渣适合作为制备定型复合相变储热材料的骨架材料。

关键词: 市政污泥, 骨架材料, 储热, 稳定性, 化学相容性, 相变, 制备

Abstract:

Massive accumulation and landfill of municipal sludge will damage the local ecological environment around the city. Incineration can realize the harmlessness of municipal sludge, however, the heavy metals inside the incinerated slag are difficult to be effectively fixed. In order to effectively fix the heavy metals inside the incinerated slag and recycle the slag to produce low-cost shape-stable phase change composites, this work proposed the sludge incinerated slag as skeleton material, and five slag-based shape-stable phase change composites were prepared with sodium nitrate as phase change material with different mass ratio of incinerated slag to sodium nitrate by cold-compression & hot-sintering method. Then, the thermal performance, micromorphology, mechanical performance and chemical compatibility between the slag components and the sodium nitrate were investigated. Results shows that the shape-stable phase change composite with the mass ratio 5∶5 of slag to sodium nitrate, namely the sample SS3 possesses the best heat transfer and thermal energy storage performance as well as excellent high-temperature thermal stability, which fixed the heavy metals inside properly. Moreover, a good chemical compatibility between the slag components and the sodium nitrate is observed and the sample SS3 achieves the thermal energy storage density of 409.25 J/g and the maximum thermal conductivity of 0.955 W/(m·K) in the range of 100—400℃ and the mechanical strength of 139.65 MPa. In addition, the sample SS3 possesses excellent heat transfer and thermal energy storage performance after 500 heating/cooling cycles, which indicates that sludge incinerated slag is suitable for preparing low-cost shape-stable phase change composites as skeleton materials.

Key words: municipal sludge, skeleton materials, thermal energy storage, stability, chemical compatibility, phase change, preparation

中图分类号:

TK 02

宋超宇, 熊亚选, 张金花, 金宇贺, 药晨华, 王辉祥, 丁玉龙. 污泥焚烧炉渣基定型复合相变储热材料的制备和性能[J]. 化工学报, 2022, 73(5): 2279-2287.

Chaoyu SONG, Yaxuan XIONG, Jinhua ZHANG, Yuhe JIN, Chenhua YAO, Huixiang WANG, Yulong DING. Preparation and performance study of incinerated slag based shape-stable phase change composites[J]. CIESC Journal, 2022, 73(5): 2279-2287.

图/表 13

表1 市政污泥焚烧炉渣的化学成分

Table 1 Chemical compositions of the incinerated slag of municipal sludge

Al₂O₃	SiO₂	P₂O₅	CaO	Fe₂O₃	MgO	Others
37%	24.9%	17.3%	7.7%	5.7%	2.6%	4.8%

图1 定型复合相变储热材料的制备工艺流程

Fig.1 Fabrication process of shape-stable phase change composites

表2 定型复合相变储热材料的基本性能

Table 2 Composition and appearance of shape-stable phase change composites

样品编号	污泥炉渣/ %(质量)	硝酸钠/ %(质量)
SS0	0	100
SS1	60	40
SS2	55	45
SS3	50	50
SS4	45	55
SS5	40	60

图2 样品SS0、SS2、SS3和SS4的比热容随温度变化曲线

Fig.2 Specific heat of samples SS0, SS2, SS3 and SS4 over temperature

图3 循环前后的样品SS3比热容

Fig.3 Specific heat curves of sample SS3 before and after cycles

表3 循环前后样品SS3的热性能和质量变化

Table 3 Change of thermal performance and mass of sample SS3 before and after cycling

项目	熔点(熔化起始温度)/°C	熔化终止温度/°C	潜热/（J/g）	质量/mg
500次加热/冷却循环前	303.7	316.2	60.33	1000
500次加热/冷却循环后	303.8	318.1	55.61	960

图4 循环前后的样品SS3储热密度

Fig.4 Thermal energy storage capacity of sample SS3 before and after cycles

图5 500次加热/冷却循环前、后样品SS3热扩散率和热导率

Fig.5 Thermal diffusivity and thermal conductivity of sample SS3 before and after cycles

图6 样品SS3经历500次加热/冷却循环前、后的微观形貌

Fig.6 Micromorphology of sample SS3 before and after cycles

图7 循环前后样品SS3的元素分布

Fig.7 Element mapping of sample SS3 before and after cycles

图8 污泥焚烧炉渣与硝酸钠的化学相容性分析

Fig.8 Chemical compatibility between the slag components and NaNO3

图9 样品SS2、SS3和SS4的抗压强度

Fig.9 Mechanical strength of samples SS2, SS3 and SS4

图10 循环前后样品SS3的抗压强度

Fig.10 Mechanical strength of sample SS3 before and after cycles

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污泥焚烧炉渣基定型复合相变储热材料的制备和性能

Preparation and performance study of incinerated slag based shape-stable phase change composites

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