超长重力热管传热性能实验研究

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20190630

化工学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 71 ›› Issue (3): 997-1008.DOI: 10.11949/0438-1157.20190630

超长重力热管传热性能实验研究

李庭樑^1,^2,^3,⁴,岑继文^1,^2,³,黄文博^1,^2,³,曹文炅^1,^2,³,蒋方明^1,^2,³()

^1.中国科学院广州能源研究所先进能源系统研究室，广东广州 510640
^2.中国科学院可再生能源重点实验室，广东广州 510640
^3.广东省新能源和可再生能源研究开发与应用重点实验室，广东广州 510640
^4.中国科学院大学，北京 100049

收稿日期:2019-06-10 修回日期:2019-10-29 出版日期:2020-03-05 发布日期:2020-03-05
通讯作者: 蒋方明
基金资助:
中国科学院A类战略性先导科技专项(XDA21060700);国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFB1501804);国家自然科学基金项目(41702256);广东省自然科学基金项目(2017A030310328);国家自然科学基金-广东省联合基金项目(U1401232);广东省自然科学基金重大基础培育项目(2014A030308001)

Experimental study on heat transfer performance of super long gravity heat pipe

Tingliang LI^1,^2,^3,⁴,Jiwen CEN^1,^2,³,Wenbo HUANG^1,^2,³,Wenjiong CAO^1,^2,³,Fangming JIANG^1,^2,³()

^1.Laboratory of Advanced Energy Systems, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, China
^2.Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, China
^3.The Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, China
^4.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Received:2019-06-10 Revised:2019-10-29 Online:2020-03-05 Published:2020-03-05
Contact: Fangming JIANG

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

用于干热岩热能开采的增强型地热系统存在投资高、风险大、工质漏损、设备腐蚀、地面沉降等问题，利用超长重力热管进行地热开采可以有效规避这些问题。搭建了超长重力热管实验平台，实验研究了超长重力热管的适宜充液量、运行的稳定性和不同冷却水流量下的传热性能并分析了其可能的原因；研究表明在恒定加热功率下，热管的合适充液量为蒸发容积的40%左右，在运行期间，与传统短热管相比，超长热管展现出了强烈的振荡性，振荡频率与加热功率和充液量息息相关；在恒定加热功率下，随着冷却水流量的增加，热管采出功率先增加后逐渐趋于平缓。此外，特别探讨了热管在极端充液量下的传热性能，研究表明在极端充液量下，热管底部形成一定高度的气柱，由于气柱的持续存在导致热量无法传递到热管顶端。实验结果初步证实了超长重力热管在开采干热岩热能上的可行性，为下一步的实际应用提供了基础支持。

关键词: 干热岩, 超长, 重力热管, 蒸发, 传热, 实验验证

Abstract:

There are many problems in the enhanced geothermal system used for dry hot rock thermal energy exploitation, such as high investment, high risk, working medium leakage, equipment corrosion, land subsidence,etc. Using super long gravity heat pipe to mine hot dry rock geothermal energy can effectively avoid these problems. In this paper, an experimental platform for super long gravity heat pipe is built. The suitable liquid filling capacity, stability of operation and heat transfer performance under different cooling water flow rates are studied experimentally. The possible causes are analyzed. The research shows that under the constant power, the suitable liquid filling amount of the heat pipe is about 40% of the total liquid filling amount of the evaporation section. During operation, compared with the conventional short heat pipe, the super long heat pipe exhibits strong oscillation, oscillation frequency and heating power and charging. The amount of liquid is closely related. At a constant heating power, as the flow rate of the cooling water increases, the power of the heat pipe increases first and then gradually becomes gentle. In addition, the heat transfer performance of the heat pipe under the extreme liquid filling amount is especially discussed. The research shows that under the extreme liquid filling amount, the gas column forms a certain height at the bottom of the heat pipe, and the heat cannot be transferred to the top of the heat pipe due to the continuous existence of the gas column. The experimental results preliminarily verify the feasibility about using the super long gravity heat pipe to mine hot dry rock geothermal energy and offer fundamental supports for the future practical applications.

Key words: hot dry rock, super long, gravity heat pipe, evaporation, heat transfer, experimental validation

中图分类号:

TK 172

李庭樑, 岑继文, 黄文博, 曹文炅, 蒋方明. 超长重力热管传热性能实验研究[J]. 化工学报, 2020, 71(3): 997-1008.

Tingliang LI, Jiwen CEN, Wenbo HUANG, Wenjiong CAO, Fangming JIANG. Experimental study on heat transfer performance of super long gravity heat pipe[J]. CIESC Journal, 2020, 71(3): 997-1008.

图/表 15

图1 超长重力热管实验系统实物图

Fig.1 Physical diagram of super long gravity heat pipe experiment system

图2 超长重力热管实验系统示意图

Fig.2 Schematic diagram of super long gravity heat pipe experimental system

图3 不同充液量下热管的采热性能(冷却水流量为5.5 ml/s)

Fig.3 Heat transfer performance of heat pipes with different liquid filling (cooling water flow rate is 5.5 ml/s)

图4 不同充液量下热管的采热性能(加热功率为800 W，冷却水流量为6.0 ml/s)

Fig.4 Heat transfer performance of heat pipes under different liquid filling (heat power is 800 W, cooling water flow rate is 6.0 ml/s )

表1 不同充液量下积液深度和采出功率(加热功率为600 W，冷却水流量为5.5 ml/s)

Table 1 Depth of filling water and production power at different liquid fillings (heating power is 600 W, cooling water flow rate is 5.5 ml/s)

充液量/ml	积液深度/cm	采出功率/W
200	88.2	460.4
300	132.2	474.8
400	176.4	499.8
600	264.5	451.9
800	352.6	446.6
1000	440.9	445.5
1300	573.0	434.9
1600	705.3	418.6
2500	1102.0	286.2
5000	2204.0	0

图5 不同充液量下积液深度和采出功率(加热功率为600 W，冷却水流量为5.5 ml/s)

Fig.5 Depth of filling water and production power under different liquid fillings (heating power is 600 W, cooling water flow rate is 5.5 ml/s)

表2 理论蒸发温度与实际蒸发温度(加热功率为600 W，循环流量为5.5 ml/s)

Table 2 Theoretical and actual evaporation temperature (heating power is 600 W, circulating flow rate is 5.5 ml/s)

充液量/ml	积液深度/cm	静水压/kPa	绝热段温度/℃	绝热段饱和蒸汽压力/kPa	蒸发段总压力/kPa	理论蒸发温度/℃	热管实际蒸发温度/℃
200	88.2	8.8	53.2	14.5	23.3	63.4	68.2
300	132.2	13.2	50.8	12.9	26.1	65.9	66.8
400	176.4	17.6	51.4	13.2	30.9	69.8	71.8
600	264.5	26.5	50.9	12.9	39.3	75.5	74.7
800	352.6	35.3	51.3	13.2	48.5	80.5	81.5
1000	440.9	44.1	61.2	21.1	65.2	88.1	90.1
1300	573.0	57.3	50.4	12.6	69.9	89.9	90.8
1600	705.3	70.5	48.2	11.3	81.8	94.1	95.3
2500	1102	110.2	46.0	10.1	120.3	104.8	102.5

图6 理论蒸发温度与实际蒸发温度对比(加热功率为600 W，冷却水流量为5.5 ml/s)

Fig.6 Comparison of theoretical and actual evaporation temperature (heating power is 600 W, circulating flow rate is 5.5 ml/s)

图7 不同充液量下各点温度随时间变化曲线(冷却水流量为5.5 ml/s)

Fig.7 Temperaturevs time curve of each measuring point under different liquid fillings (cooling water flow rate is 5.5 ml/s)

图8 不同加热功率下热管各测点温度变化情况(充液量为5000 ml，冷却水流量为5.5 ml/s)

Fig.8 Temperature variation curve of heat pipe under different heating powers (filling water volume is 5000 ml, cooling water flow rate is 5.5 ml/s)

图9 加热功率为600 W(a)和停止加热(b)后热管各点温度随时间变化情况(充液量为5000 ml，冷却水流量为5.5 ml/s)

Fig.9 Temperature of heat pipe changes with time when the heating power is 600 W (a) and heating power is stopped (b) (filling water volume is 5000 ml, cooling water flow rate is 5.5 ml/s)

图10 不同冷却水流量下热管的采热性能(充液量为400 ml，加热功率为800 W)

Fig.10 Heat transfer performance of heat pipes under different cooling water flow rates (filling water volume is 400 ml, heating power is 800 W)

图11 蒸发段温度与绝热段温度随循环流量变化(充液量为400 ml，加热功率为800 W)

Fig.11 Evaporation section temperature and adiabatic section temperature evolution with increasing cooling water flow rate (filling water volume is 400 ml, heating power is 800 W)

图12 不同加热功率下热管的振荡频率(充液量为400 ml，冷却水流量为6.0 ml/s)

Fig.12 Oscillation frequency of heat pipe under different heating powers(filling water volume is 400 ml, cooling water flow rate is 6.0 ml/s)

图13 不同加热功率下热管的振荡频率(充液量为1000 ml，循环流量为6.0 ml/s)

Fig.13 Oscillation frequency of heat pipe under different heating powers(filling water volume is 1000 ml, cooling water flow rate is 6.0 ml/s)

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超长重力热管传热性能实验研究

Experimental study on heat transfer performance of super long gravity heat pipe

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