Cu含量对Al-Cu-Si合金相变储热性能的影响

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20191553

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

Al-Cu-Si基相变材料具有成本低、相变潜热高、抗氧化性能高等优势，是最具潜力的太阳能储存材料之一。而Cu含量对其储热性能特别是体积潜热有重要影响，但相关研究未见报道。通过差示扫描量热仪和激光热导分析仪研究了Al-Cu-Si合金的相变温度、质量潜热和体积潜热随Cu含量变化的关系，以及比热容、热扩散率和热导率等随温度变化的关系。研究结果表明，在Cu含量35%～55%时，Al-Cu-Si合金相变温度为512.5～604.2℃，质量潜热为354.4～458.1 J?g^-1，体积潜热为1524.1～1763.8 J?cm^-3。质量潜热和体积潜热均随着Cu含量的增加呈现出“双峰型”的变化趋势，Cu含量42%时质量潜热最大，为458.1 J?g^-1；Cu含量48%时体积潜热最大，为1763.8 J?cm^-3。Al-Cu-Si合金的热导率随着Cu含量的增加而降低，且在500℃时Al-Cu-Si合金的热导率为91.4~137.5 W?m^-1?K^-1。综合研究表明，Al-Cu-Si合金在太阳能储热领域具有很高的应用价值。

关键词: 太阳能, 相变, Al-Cu-Si合金, 潜热, 热导率

Abstract:

With the advantages of low cost, high phase change latent heat, and high oxidation resistance, Al-Cu-Si alloy phase change materials (PCMs) are considered as one of the most promising solar energy storage materials. The content of Cu has an important effect on its heat storage performance, especially the volume latent heat. However, to the knowledge of the authors, no previous study has been reported. In this work, we studied the relationships between the Cu content and phase change temperature, mass latent heat, volume latent heat of Al-Cu-Si alloy, as well as the evolution of specific heat, thermal diffusivity, and thermal conductivity vs. the temperature, respectively, according to the differential scanning calorimetry and laser thermal conductivity analyzer. The results showed that for the Al-Cu-Si alloy with 35%—55%Cu, the phase change temperature of Al-Cu-Si alloy is 512.5—604.2℃, the mass latent heat is 354.4—458.1 J?g^-1, and the volume latent heat is 1524.1—1763.8 J?cm^-3. Meanwhile, both the mass latent heat and the volume latent heat showed a “bimodal” trend with the increase of Cu content. When the Cu content is 42%, the highest mass latent heat is 458.1 J?g^-1, while the highest volume latent heat is 1763.8 J?cm^-3, corresponding to 48%Cu content. Furthermore, with the increase of Cu content, the thermal conductivity of Al-Cu-Si alloy decreased in the range of 91.4 —137.5 W?m^-1?K^-1 at 500°C. Comperehensive research shows that Al-Cu-Si alloy has high application value on the field of solar thermal storage.

Key words: solar energy, phase change, Al-Cu-Si alloy, latent heat, thermal conductivity

中图分类号:

TK 512

石彦, 赵君文, 袁艳平, 戴光泽, 韩靖. Cu含量对Al-Cu-Si合金相变储热性能的影响[J]. 化工学报, 2020, 71(5): 2017-2023.

Yan SHI, Junwen ZHAO, Yanping YUAN, Guangze DAI, Jing HAN. Effect of Cu content on phase change thermal storage properties of Al-Cu-Si alloy[J]. CIESC Journal, 2020, 71(5): 2017-2023.

图/表 10

表1 部分Al-Cu-Si、Al-Cu、Al-Si合金的热物性

Table 1 Thermal properties of some Al-Cu-Si, Al-Cu, Al-Si alloys

PCM	T_M/℃	$ρ$ /(g?cm^-3)	ΔH_m/(J?g^-1)	ΔH_v/(J?cm^-3)
Al-49.1Cu-4.6Si^[20]	571	5.56	406	2260
Al-26.5Cu-4.6Si^[20]	525	2.94	364	1069
Al-30Cu-5Si^[21]	571	2.73	422	1150
Al-7Si-4Cu^[22]	567	2.76	245	676
Al-33.2Cu^[23]	548	3.42	351	1201
Al-52.8Cu^[24]	589	4.26	291	1239
Al-12Si^[25]	576	2.70	560	1512
Al-51Si^[16]	578.5	2.25	515	1159

表1 部分Al-Cu-Si、Al-Cu、Al-Si合金的热物性

Table 1 Thermal properties of some Al-Cu-Si, Al-Cu, Al-Si alloys

PCM	T_M/℃	$ρ$ /(g?cm^-3)	ΔH_m/(J?g^-1)	ΔH_v/(J?cm^-3)
Al-49.1Cu-4.6Si^[20]	571	5.56	406	2260
Al-26.5Cu-4.6Si^[20]	525	2.94	364	1069
Al-30Cu-5Si^[21]	571	2.73	422	1150
Al-7Si-4Cu^[22]	567	2.76	245	676
Al-33.2Cu^[23]	548	3.42	351	1201
Al-52.8Cu^[24]	589	4.26	291	1239
Al-12Si^[25]	576	2.70	560	1512
Al-51Si^[16]	578.5	2.25	515	1159

图1 模拟计算Al-Cu-Si的质量潜热和体积潜热

Fig.1 Simulation calculation of mass latent heat and volume latent heat of Al-Cu-Si alloys

图2 不同Cu含量的Al-Cu-Si合金的DSC曲线

Fig.2 DSC curves of Al-Cu-Si alloys with different Cu content

表2 不同Cu含量的Al-Cu-Si合金相变特性参数

Table 2 Phase transformation characteristics of Al-Cu-Si alloys with different Cu content

Cu/%(mass)	$ρ$ (25℃)/ (g?cm^-3)	Onset/℃	Endset/℃	ΔH_m/ (J?g^-1)	ΔH_v/ (J?cm^-3)
35	3.46	518.4	568.7	440.5	1524.1
42	3.70	518.7	579.6	458.1	1696.9
48	4.01	513.2	598.5	439.5	1763.8
49.1	4.02	512.5	602.0	393.1	1578.5
51	4.11	567.4	600.4	398.6	1636.8
55	4.32	571.0	604.2	354.4	1530.9

表2 不同Cu含量的Al-Cu-Si合金相变特性参数

Table 2 Phase transformation characteristics of Al-Cu-Si alloys with different Cu content

Cu/%(mass)	$ρ$ (25℃)/ (g?cm^-3)	Onset/℃	Endset/℃	ΔH_m/ (J?g^-1)	ΔH_v/ (J?cm^-3)
35	3.46	518.4	568.7	440.5	1524.1
42	3.70	518.7	579.6	458.1	1696.9
48	4.01	513.2	598.5	439.5	1763.8
49.1	4.02	512.5	602.0	393.1	1578.5
51	4.11	567.4	600.4	398.6	1636.8
55	4.32	571.0	604.2	354.4	1530.9

图3 不同Cu含量的Al-Cu-Si合金的潜热特征曲线

Fig.3 Characteristic values of latent heat of Al-Cu-Si alloys with different Cu content

图4 不同Cu含量的Al-Cu-Si合金的比热容与温度的关系

Fig.4 Relationship between specific heat and temperature of Al-Cu-Si alloy with different Cu content

图5 六种Al-Cu-Si合金的热扩散系数和温度的关系

Fig.5 Thermal diffusivity and temperature dependence of six types of Al-Cu-Si alloys

图6 六种Al-Cu-Si合金的热导率和温度的相关性

Fig.6 Thermal conductivity and temperature dependence of six types of Al-Cu-Si alloys

图7 Al-Cu二元相图[27]

Fig.7 Al-Cu binary phase diagram[27]

图8 Al-Cu-Si合金热导率与Cu含量的关系

Fig.8 Relationship between thermal conductivity and Cu content of Al-Cu-Si alloy

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