橡胶硫化过程数值模拟研究进展

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20200400

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

硫化作为橡胶制品成型过程中的关键工序，决定着制品的使用性能与尺寸精度，通过模拟仿真技术有助于实现对硫化过程的精确控制以及减少能量消耗。基于此，从微观尺度和宏观尺度两个层面综述了橡胶硫化过程数值模拟的研究进展，重点分析了理论与经验硫化反应动力学模型的发展现状。最后，指出了橡胶硫化过程数值模拟的发展方向与趋势。

关键词: 橡胶制品, 硫化, 聚合物加工, 反应动力学, 数值模拟

Abstract:

Vulcanization, as a key process in the molding process of rubber products, determines the performance and dimensional accuracy of the products. Through simulation technology, it helps to achieve accurate control of the vulcanization process and reduce energy consumption. In this paper, the research progress of numerical simulation of rubber vulcanization is reviewed from two aspects of micro scale and macro scale, and the development status of theoretical and empirical vulcanization reaction kinetic model is mainly analyzed. Finally, the development trend of numerical simulation of rubber vulcanization process is pointed out.

Key words: rubber products, vulcanization, polymer processing, reaction kinetics, numerical simulation

中图分类号:

TQ 336

郭飞,张兆想,宋炜,贾晓红. 橡胶硫化过程数值模拟研究进展[J]. 化工学报, 2020, 71(8): 3393-3402.

Fei GUO,Zhaoxiang ZHANG,Wei SONG,Xiaohong JIA. Research progress in numerical simulation of rubber vulcanization[J]. CIESC Journal, 2020, 71(8): 3393-3402.

图/表 7

图1 一种丁腈橡胶硫化过程[4]

Fig.1 Mechanism of NBR cross-linking using sulfur[4]

图2 不同交联程度硫化胶力学性能曲线[5]

Fig.2 Mechanical properties of vulcanizates with different crosslinking degree[5]

图3 常见橡胶硫化曲线示意图

Fig.3 Diagram of common rubber vulcanization curve

图4 一种SBR橡胶硫磺硫化动力学模型确定过程示意图[11]

Fig.4 Schematic diagram of the determination process of a kinetic model for sulfur vulcanization of SBR rubber[11]

图5 现象学模型参数求解过程示意图

Fig.5 Schematic diagram of solving process of a phenomenological kinetic model parameters

表1 几种典型唯象动力学模型

Table 1 Several typical phenomenological reaction kinetic models

模型名称	模型形式	参考文献
Piloyan	$d α d t = k (1 - α) n$	[38]
Kamal-Sourour	$d α d t = k α m (1 - α) n$	[35]
Leroy	$d α d t = (A 1 + A 2 α m) (1 - α) n e - E a / R T$	[27,39]
Rafei	$α = k n k n + t n$	[40]
Yeoh	$d α d t = (α 1 - α) 1 / p (1 k) 1 / p e x p (1 R T) 1 / p$	[41]
Jia	$α i = α i - 1 + k 0 Δ t e x p - E a R T 1 + k 0 Δ t e x p - E a R T$	[42]

表1 几种典型唯象动力学模型

Table 1 Several typical phenomenological reaction kinetic models

模型名称	模型形式	参考文献
Piloyan	$d α d t = k (1 - α) n$	[38]
Kamal-Sourour	$d α d t = k α m (1 - α) n$	[35]
Leroy	$d α d t = (A 1 + A 2 α m) (1 - α) n e - E a / R T$	[27,39]
Rafei	$α = k n k n + t n$	[40]
Yeoh	$d α d t = (α 1 - α) 1 / p (1 k) 1 / p e x p (1 R T) 1 / p$	[41]
Jia	$α i = α i - 1 + k 0 Δ t e x p - E a R T 1 + k 0 Δ t e x p - E a R T$	[42]

图6 柱形橡胶截面不同时间硫化情况示意图

Fig.6 Diagram of vulcanization of cylindrical rubber section at different times

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