离心力场-移动床耦合气固分离装备的研究进展

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20221079

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

气固分离装备的发展对于实现高温烟气的高效除尘净化具有重要意义。基于单一气固分离机制的除尘装备难以实现精细除尘的目标。将离心分离和移动床分离耦合在同一装备中，实现两种分离机制的协同强化无疑是一种解决方案。在该耦合装备中，旋风壳体和移动床内气相、捕集颗粒、粉尘的运动较之常规单体旋风分离器、移动床均具有一些独特的特性。通过压降-时间响应曲线发现该新型耦合分离装备具有自清洁功能。该装备对黏附性微细粉尘的捕集效率在95%以上；旋风壳体分离了10 μm以上颗粒物，而内置颗粒床捕集到的粉尘粒径在10 μm以下，验证了二者在同一装备中的协同强化。但是，强化自清洁效应和提高捕集效率构成了一对矛盾。研究表明，该新型耦合分离装备仍具有很大的性能提升空间。

关键词: 气固分离, 旋风分离器, 移动床过滤器, 耦合, 流场, 优化

Abstract:

The development of the gas-solids separator is crucial to the dust-collection for high-temperature flue gas. It was demonstrated that any separator with single-mechanism essentially cannot achieve a deep dedusting process. Therefore, coupling centrifugal separation and moving bed separation in the same equipment to achieve synergistic strengthening of the two separation mechanisms is undoubtedly a solution. The researches indicated that the moving/flow of the gas, the collecting particles and the dusts in both its outer cyclone shell and built-in moving bed present distinct characteristics comparing those in the commonly used cyclone separator and moving bed. It was also found that the coupling separator had the self-cleaning function by analyzing the measured pressure drop-time response curves. The collecting efficiency of the coupling separator reaches above 95% for fine dusts. The dusts larger than 10 μm are generally caught by the cyclone shell while those smaller than 10 μm are collected by the built-in granular bed. It was shown that the gas-solid separation was corporately strengthened by two different mechanisms in one equipment. However, the self-cleaning function and the collecting efficiency are actually a pair of contradictions. Moreover, the tentative optimal results showed that the coupling separator could be further improved in the future.

Key words: gas-solids separation, cyclone separator, moving bed filter, coupling, flow field, optimization

中图分类号:

TQ 051.8

范怡平, 卢春喜. 离心力场-移动床耦合气固分离装备的研究进展[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(1): 157-169.

Yiping FAN, Chunxi LU. Research progress on dedust scheme of coupling centrifugal force field with moving bed filtration[J]. CIESC Journal, 2023, 74(1): 157-169.

图/表 14

图1 耦合分离装备示意图

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of the coupling separator

图2 耦合分离装备的研究内容框图

Fig.2 Schematic diagram of the research outline on the proposed coupling separator

图3 不同排料锥数量对移动床颗粒速度径向分布的影响

Fig.3 Influences of quantity of the discharging cone on the particle velocity radial distribution inside the moving bed

图4 固定床/移动床操作模式下设备压降随操作时间的变化(Geldart C类粉尘)

Fig.4 Static pressure drop at different operating times under fixed bed/moving bed operation(Geldart C dust)

图5 不同入口气量、移动床操作模式下耦合分离装备的压降-时间响应曲线(Geldart C类粉尘)

Fig.5 Pressure drop vs time for moving bed operation mode under different inlet gas flowrate(Geldart C dust)

图6 满床/空床操作条件下的装备压降

Fig.6 Pressure drops under empty-bed and full-bed operations

图7 不同捕集颗粒循环速度下满床操作条件下的装备压降(Geldart C类粉尘)

Fig.7 Pressure drop under full-bed operating mode at different collector particle circulation velocities(Geldart C dust)

图8 带出机制和剪切机制示意图

Fig.8 The carryout mechanism and the shear mechanism

图9 颗粒床内不同高度处相对粉尘含量分布

Fig.9 The axial variation of relative dust content radial distribution in the granular bed

图10 耦合分离装备的压降-时间响应(Geldart A类粉尘)

Fig.10 The pressure drop vs time (Geldart A dust)

图11 捕集效率随时间的变化(Geldart C类粉尘)

Fig.11 Collection efficiency vs operating time(Geldart C dust)

图12 不同旋流空间比的分离系数

Fig.12 Separation quality factors with different swirl space ratios

图13 环形百叶窗式颗粒床

Fig.13 The annular louver built-in granular bed

图14 捕集效率的对比

Fig.14 Comparison of the collecting efficiency

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