考虑调度操作安全平稳性的炼油化工生产过程调度优化

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20230012

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

平稳运行是炼油化工企业本质安全运行、生产经济效益和挖潜增效的重要保证，然而由于原油供应以及产品需求多变，炼油化工生产装置的多操作模式运行已成为普遍现象，调度调整也日渐频繁。现有的研究方法未考虑到装置多模式切换等调度调整对平稳操作带来的影响，甚至会导致调度操作方案实际不可行。为此，提出一种考虑调度操作平稳性的炼油化工生产调度优化模型，以解决常规调度优化模型优化产生的调度调整易使生产波动从而导致调度方案不可行的难题。考虑调度操作平稳性的调度优化模型采用离散时间表示，通过操作模式的切换与装置加工速率的波动综合表征系统平稳性，建立以生产成本最低为目标的调度优化模型。为了验证所提出模型在解决实际工业问题时的有效性，采用Julia的JuMP包调用Gurobi求解器对典型案例进行仿真求解。案例仿真结果验证了所提出模型的正确性及可实施性。与常规调度优化相比，以过程动态为表征的调度操作的平稳性提高了10%以上。

关键词: 平稳性, 生产调度, 优化, 炼化一体化, 离散时间

Abstract:

Smooth operation is an important guarantee for refining-chemical enterprises to operate in inherent safety mode, produce economic benefits, realize potential and increase efficiency. However, due to the variety of crude oil supply and product demand, it has become common for refining-chemical production units to operate in multiple operation modes, and scheduling adjustments are becoming more and more frequent. Existing research methods do not take into account the impact of scheduling adjustments on smooth operation, such as multi-mode switching, and may even cause the scheduling operation scheme to be infeasible in practice. Therefore, this paper proposes a novel scheduling optimization model for refining-chemical production, which considers the smoothness of scheduling operation, to solve the problem that conventional scheduling optimization models tend to cause production to fluctuate and eventually lead to infeasible scheduling solutions. This model adopts a discrete-time representation, in which the smoothness is indicated by a combination of the switches between operating modes and fluctuations in the processing rate of the device, and introduces the minimizing production cost as the objective. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed model in solving real industrial problems, the JuMP package of Julia is used to call the Gurobi solver to simulate and solve typical cases. The case simulation results validate the correctness and implementability of the proposed model. Compared to the conventional scheduling optimization, the smoothness of scheduling operation characterized by process dynamics is improved by over 10%.

Key words: smoothness, production scheduling, optimization, refining-chemical integration, discrete-time

中图分类号:

TB 114.1

高小永, 黄付宇, 郑万鹏, 彭雕, 杨一旭, 黄德先. 考虑调度操作安全平稳性的炼油化工生产过程调度优化[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(4): 1619-1629.

Xiaoyong GAO, Fuyu HUANG, Wanpeng ZHENG, Diao PENG, Yixu YANG, Dexian HUANG. Scheduling optimization of refinery and chemical production process considering the safety and stability of scheduling operation[J]. CIESC Journal, 2023, 74(4): 1619-1629.

图/表 13

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模式	收率/%							操作成本/(元/吨)
模式	直馏汽油	石脑油	煤油	轻柴油	常压瓦斯油	减压瓦斯油	减压渣油	操作成本/(元/吨)
1	3.10	9.80	9.20	14.1	22.3	24.1	12.1	20
2	4.50	12.8	12.1	12.4	21.8	23.4	10.7	25
3	5.10	18.4	15.8	10.3	20.1	21.9	7.90	30
4	6.40	20.2	18.1	8.60	19.4	21.4	5.70	35

模式	收率/%							操作成本/(元/吨)
模式	直馏汽油	石脑油	煤油	轻柴油	常压瓦斯油	减压瓦斯油	减压渣油	操作成本/(元/吨)
1	3.10	9.80	9.20	14.1	22.3	24.1	12.1	20
2	4.50	12.8	12.1	12.4	21.8	23.4	10.7	25
3	5.10	18.4	15.8	10.3	20.1	21.9	7.90	30
4	6.40	20.2	18.1	8.60	19.4	21.4	5.70	35

产品	需求量/t
	时间片段
	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
90号汽油	0	0	200	0	0	0	0	700
93号汽油	0	0	300	0	0	0	0	400
97号汽油	0	0	800	0	0	0	0	0
0号柴油	100	0	0	0	0	200	0	0
-10号柴油	200	0	0	0	0	400	0	0
煤油	0	0	0	0	0	500	0	0
乙烯	0	0	200	0	0	0	0	800
丙烯	0	0	0	200	0	0	0	0

产品	需求量/t
	时间片段
	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
90号汽油	0	0	200	0	0	0	0	700
93号汽油	0	0	300	0	0	0	0	400
97号汽油	0	0	800	0	0	0	0	0
0号柴油	100	0	0	0	0	200	0	0
-10号柴油	200	0	0	0	0	400	0	0
煤油	0	0	0	0	0	500	0	0
乙烯	0	0	200	0	0	0	0	800
丙烯	0	0	0	200	0	0	0	0

模型	约束总数	变量总数	二元变量数	求解耗时/s	相对Gap值/%	操作成本/元	模式切换次数	平稳度/%
模型Ⅰ	10919	9655	1280	600.0	5.90	16689749.7	10	81.36
模型Ⅱ	11101	9655	1280	49.0	0.01	18268224.6	12	93.24
模型Ⅲ	10919	9655	1280	3.0	0	17470639.3	0	85.22
模型Ⅳ	11101	9655	1280	22.3	0	112882537.2	0	96.24