电场调控生物柴油液滴燃烧行为

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20240006

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

电场作用下的液滴燃烧是研究静电喷雾燃烧的基础。设计搭建了电场作用下燃料液滴燃烧实验装置，通过可视化手段研究了竖直电场中生物柴油液滴的燃烧行为，分析了不同电场度下的火焰形貌、液滴形态演变特征及液滴燃烧规律。结果表明，电场力与自然浮力的竞争决定了火焰形貌，随着电场强度增大，向上火焰、准球形火焰和向下火焰相继出现，表现为上火焰高度减小、下火焰高度增大、火焰宽度先增大后减小、火焰锋面面积先减小后增大，其最大变化幅度依次为69.9%、243.1%、17.0%、10.9%。由于火焰锋面是燃料蒸气和氧气的反应区域，液滴的燃烧持续期随着电场强度增大而呈现先增大后减小的趋势，最大变化幅度为18.1%。

关键词: 生物柴油, 多相流, 界面, 电场, 液滴燃烧, 火焰形貌, 燃烧持续期

Abstract:

Droplet combustion in an electric field is the research basis of electrostatic spray combustion. An experimental setup of fuel droplet combustion in the electric field is constructed. The combustion behavior of the biodiesel droplet is investigated by using the visualization method. The effects of electric field strength on flame and droplet morphologies as well as the droplet combustion law are discussed. The results show that the competition between the electric field force and natural buoyancy determines the flame morphology. As the electric field intensity increases, upward flames, quasi-spherical flames and downward flames appear one after another. It manifests that the upper flame height decreases, the lower flame height increases, the flame width first increases and then decreases, the flame front area first decreases and then increases, and their maximum change amplitudes are 69.9%, 243.1%, 17.0% and 10.9% respectively. As the flame front is the reaction area between fuel vapor and oxygen, increasing the electric field strength leads to a successive increase and decrease in the combustion duration of the droplet with a maximum variation of 18.1%.

Key words: biodiesel, multiphase flow, interface, electric field, droplet combustion, flame morphology, combustion duration

中图分类号:

TK 6

左磊, 王军锋, 高健, 王道睿. 电场调控生物柴油液滴燃烧行为[J]. 化工学报, 2024, 75(8): 2983-2990.

Lei ZUO, Junfeng WANG, Jian GAO, Daorui WANG. Electric field-regulating combustion behavior of biodiesel droplet[J]. CIESC Journal, 2024, 75(8): 2983-2990.

图/表 11

图1 电场作用下燃料液滴燃烧实验装置

Fig.1 Experimental setup of fuel droplet combustion in electric field

表1 生物柴油在25℃下的理化性质

Table 1 Physicochemical properties of biodiesel at 25℃

密度/(kg/m³)	表面张力/(N/m)	动力黏度/(mPa∙s)	介电常数
870	0.034	5.01	2.72

图2 火焰图像处理过程

Fig.2 Schematic of flame image processing

图3 液滴图像处理过程

Fig.3 Schematic of droplet image processing

图4 不同电场强度下生物柴油液滴的火焰形貌演变

Fig.4 Flame morphology evolutions of biodiesel droplet at various electric field strengths

图5 电场作用下的火焰受力图

Fig.5 Force analysis of flame in electric field

图6 不同电场强度下生物柴油液滴的火焰尺寸变化

Fig.6 Flame size variations of biodiesel droplet at various electric field strengths

图7 不同电场强度下生物柴油液滴的平均火焰尺寸及锋面面积

Fig.7 Average values of flame size and front area for biodiesel droplet at various electric field strengths

图8 不同电场强度下生物柴油液滴的形态演变

Fig.8 Morphology evolutions of biodiesel droplet at various electric field strengths

图9 不同电场强度下生物柴油液滴归一化平方直径变化

Fig.9 Normalized squared diameters of biodiesel droplet at various electric field strengths

图10 不同电场强度下生物柴油液滴的滞燃期和燃烧持续期

Fig.10 Ignition delays and combustion durations of biodiesel droplet at various electric field strengths

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