水平管内冷凝流动的稳定性

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20201554

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

管内冷凝换热流动在紧凑型两相热控系统中比较常见，本文关注于冷凝两相流中的不稳定性。首先对工质在冷凝器中的热力学过程进行建模，然后利用Lyapunov稳定性理论讨论了冷凝流动过程中流动压降发生振荡的机理。发现失稳区间的质量流量开始点对应的出口工质干度为1，而失稳区间的结束点对应的工质出口干度通常在0.8左右。在大入口过热度、小管径以及低热通量下，冷凝器的压降-流量曲线会出现负斜率，工作流体若进入负斜率区域，会导致压力振荡，使得系统的运行变得不稳定。

关键词: 凝结, 建模, 两相流, 压力振荡, 不稳定性

Abstract:

The condensing flow widely appeared in compact thermal management system. Thus, this work modelled and discussed the pressure drop oscillation of working fluids to reveal the flow instability of condenser. The mechanism of pressure drop oscillation of condensing flow was analyzed based on Lyapunov instability principle. The flow drift would occur and trigger the flow instability in the condenser channel, when the working fluid operates on the negative slope region of pressure-drop flow curve. The results indicated that the onset-instability of condensing flow with the outlet quality by 1, and flow instability would be ended for the outlet quality of working fluid with the quality of 0.8. In addition, the much higher inlet super, smaller pipe diameter and lower heat flux would be easier to generate the negative slope on the pressure-drop flow curve of the condenser. As a result, the pressure drop oscillation and the unstable operation would be occurred in the condensing flow system.

Key words: condensation, modeling, two-phase flow, pressure oscillation, instability

中图分类号:

TK 124

赵文一, 匡以武, 王文, 张红星, 苗建印. 水平管内冷凝流动的稳定性[J]. 化工学报, 2021, 72(S1): 257-265.

ZHAO Wenyi, KUANG Yiwu, WANG Wen, ZHANG Hongxing, MIAO Jianyin. Stability of condensing flow in a horizontal tube[J]. CIESC Journal, 2021, 72(S1): 257-265.

图/表 8

图1 水平管内流动冷凝各部分压降-流量曲线

Fig.1 Pressure drop - flow curve of each part of flow condensation in a horizontal tube

图2 模型预测与试验结果

Fig.2 Model prediction and experimental results

图3 压降与流量的水动力学曲线

Fig.3 Hydrodynamic curves of pressure drop and flow

图4 过热度对压降的影响

Fig.4 Influence of superheat on pressure drop

图5 管径对压降的影响

Fig.5 Influence of pipe diameter on pressure drop

图6 热通量对压降的影响

Fig.6 Influence of heat flux on pressure drop

图7 饱和温度对压降的影响

Fig.7 Influence of saturation temperature on pressure drop

图8 饱和温度对两相压降梯度的影响

Fig.8 Influence of saturation temperature on pressure drop gradient in two phases

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