工业废油异构旋流三相分离装置去固结构及优化

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20220963

化工学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 73 ›› Issue (11): 5025-5038.DOI: 10.11949/0438-1157.20220963

工业废油异构旋流三相分离装置去固结构及优化

龚海峰¹(), 罗鑫², 彭烨², 余保³, 杨阳¹, 张浩华²

^1.重庆工商大学废油资源化技术与装备教育部工程研究中心，重庆 400067
^2.重庆工商大学制造装备机构设计与控制重庆市重点实验室，重庆 400067
^3.中国石油大学（华东）重质油国家重点实验室，山东青岛 266580

收稿日期:2022-07-11 修回日期:2022-09-23 出版日期:2022-11-05 发布日期:2022-12-06
通讯作者: 龚海峰
作者简介:龚海峰（1979—），男，博士，教授，ghf79016@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(22008016);重庆市教委科技项目(KJQN202100817);重庆市科技项目(cstc2019jscx-gksbX0032)

Desolidification structure and optimization of specially-shaped hydrocyclone three-phase separation device for industrial waste oil

Haifeng GONG¹(), Xin LUO², Ye PENG², Bao YU³, Yang YANG¹, Haohua ZHANG²

^1.Engineering Research Centre for Waste Oil Recovery Technology and Equipment of Ministry of Education, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing 400067, China
^2.Chongqing Key Laboratory of Manufacturing Equipment Mechanism Design and Control, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing 400067, China
^3.State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, Shandong, China

Received:2022-07-11 Revised:2022-09-23 Online:2022-11-05 Published:2022-12-06
Contact: Haifeng GONG

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

工业废油脱水去固处理是其资源化工艺的重要环节，为高效地去除废油乳化液中的水和固体颗粒杂质，提出一种能够实现油-水-固相高效分离的异构旋流三相分离装置。装置结构及其参数是影响油-水-固三相分离效率的关键因素。于是，通过耦合多相流控制方程、群体平衡和稀疏颗粒条件下的颗粒追踪方程，忽略颗粒对整体质量守恒和动量守恒的影响，建立了异构旋流三相分离数值模型，通过模型考察了分离装置去固段结构对去固脱水效率的影响，并进一步优化了分离装置去固段的结构参数。计算与实验结果表明：装置去固段结构的变化会显著影响异构旋流三相分离装置的去固性能，对脱水率的影响不明显；最佳底流管、去固管和侧流管直径分别为6、15和6 mm时，装置侧流口的固体颗粒回收率和脱油率同时达到最高，可达87%以上，为设计研制高性能工业废油资源化装置提供理论和技术支撑。

关键词: 多相流, 分离, 计算流体力学, 数值分析

Abstract:

Dehydration and desolidification of industrial waste oil is an important part of waste oil resource process. In order to efficiently remove water and solid particle impurities in waste oil emulsion, a specially-shaped hydrocyclone three-phase separation device that can realize efficient separation of oil-water-solid phase was proposed. The device structure and its parameters play a key factor in the oil-water-solid three-phase separation efficiency. Therefore, a numerical model of the specially-shaped hydrocyclone three-phase separation device was established by coupling the multiphase flow governing equations, the population balance equation and the solid particle tracking equation under the condition of sparse particles, ignoring the influence of particle on the conservation of mass and momentum. The influence of the desolidification section structure of the separation device on the desolidification and dehydration efficiency was investigated, and the desolidification section structural parameters of the separation device were further optimized. Numerical and experimental results showed that the desolidification section structure variation of the device significantly affected the desolidification performance of the specially-shaped hydrocyclone three-phase separation device, but the effect on the dehydration rate is not obvious. When the diameters of the optimal bottom flow pipe, solid removal pipe and side flow pipe are 6, 15 and 6 mm respectively, the solid particle recovery rate and oil removal rate of the side flow outlet of the device reach the highest at the same time, which can reach more than 87%. It provides theoretical and technical support for the design and development of high-performance industrial waste oil recycling devices.

Key words: multiphase flow, separation, computational fluid dynamics, numerical analysis

中图分类号:

TG 96

龚海峰, 罗鑫, 彭烨, 余保, 杨阳, 张浩华. 工业废油异构旋流三相分离装置去固结构及优化[J]. 化工学报, 2022, 73(11): 5025-5038.

Haifeng GONG, Xin LUO, Ye PENG, Bao YU, Yang YANG, Haohua ZHANG. Desolidification structure and optimization of specially-shaped hydrocyclone three-phase separation device for industrial waste oil[J]. CIESC Journal, 2022, 73(11): 5025-5038.

图/表 17

图 1 异构旋流三相分离装置几何结构

Fig.1 Geometric structure of specially-shaped hydrocyclone three-phase separation device

表 1 异构旋流三相分离装置的结构参数

Table 1 Structural parameters of specially-shaped hydrocyclone three-phase separation device

D_o/mm	D_i/mm	L_o/mm	D_s/mm	D/mm	D_h/mm	D_u/mm	D_w/mm	L₀/mm	L₁/mm	δ/mm	L₃/mm	L₄/mm
18.0	12.0	45.0	70.0	26.0	4.0~8.0	3.0~9.0	11.0~19.0	124.7	305.5	25.0	100.0	50.0

图 2 异构旋流三相分离装置计算网格

Fig.2 Calculation grid of specially-shaped hydrocyclone three-phase separation device

图 3 不同网格数量的轴向速度和切向速度的径向分布曲线

Fig.3 Radial distribution curves of axial and tangential velocities for different mesh numbers

图 4 不同侧流口分流比的分离效率

Fig.4 Separation efficiency of different sideflow out split ratios

图 5 油-水-固三相分离实验装置和流程图

Fig.5 Oil-water-solid three-phase separation experimental device and process

表 2 物料参数

Table 2 Physical parameters

ρ_o/(kg/m³)	ρ_w/(kg/m³)	ρ_p/(kg/m³)	μ_o/(mPa·s)	μ_w/(mPa·s)	d_p/μm
863	998.3	2650	16.807	1.003	50

图 6 异构旋流三相分离装置的数值结果与实验结果对比

Fig.6 Comparison of numerical results and experimental results of specially-shaped hydrocyclone three-phase separation device

图 7 不同底流管直径的切向速度分布

Fig.7 Tangential velocity distributions of different underflow pipe diameters: (a) Tangential velocity distribution contour of different underflow pipe diameters at y=0 section; Tangential velocity distributions of different underflow pipe diameters on different sections: (b) z=100.0 mm; (c) z=200.0 mm

图 8 不同底流管直径的固体颗粒分布

Fig.8 Solid particle distribution of different underflow pipe diameters: (a) The trajectory of the solid particle of different underflow pipe diameters; (b) Solid particle escape rate of different underflow pipe diameters; (c) Solid particle recovery rate of different underflow pipe diameters

图 9 不同底流管直径的分离效率

Fig.9 Separation efficiency of different underflow pipe diameters

图 10 不同去固管直径的切向速度分布

Fig.10 Tangential velocity distributions of different desolidification pipe diameters: (a) Tangential velocity distribution contour of different desolidification pipe diameters at y=0 section; Tangential velocity distributions of different underflow pipe diameters on different sections: (b) z=100.0 mm, (c) z=200.0 mm

图 11 不同去固管直径条件下的固体颗粒运动轨迹

Fig.11 Solid particle distribution of different desolidification pipe diameters: (a) The trajectory of the solid particle of different desolidification pipe diameters; (b) Solid particle escape rate of different desolidification pipe diameters; (c) Solid particle recovery rate of different desolidification pipe diameters

图 12 不同去固管直径的分离效率

Fig.12 Separation efficiency of different desolidification pipe diameters

图 13 不同侧流管直径的切向速度分布

Fig.13 Tangential velocity distributions of different sideflow pipe diameters: (a) Tangential velocity distribution contour of different sideflow pipe diameters at y=0 section; Tangential velocity distributions of different sideflow pipe diameters on different sections: (b) z=100.0 mm, (c) z=200.0 mm

图 14 不同侧流管直径下的固体颗粒运动轨迹

Fig.14 Solid particle distribution of different sideflow pipe diameters: (a) The trajectory of the solid particle of different sideflow pipe diameters; (b) Solid particle escape rate of different sideflow pipe diameters; (c) Solid particle recovery rate of different sideflow pipe diameters

图 15 不同侧流管直径的分离效率

Fig.15 Separation efficiency of different sideflow pipe diameters

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工业废油异构旋流三相分离装置去固结构及优化

Desolidification structure and optimization of specially-shaped hydrocyclone three-phase separation device for industrial waste oil

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