结构参数对烧结微通道流动沸腾性能的影响

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20230970

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

微通道沸腾冷却在电子器件方面的应用近年备受关注。将多孔烧结微通道作为微电子器件的有效冷却方案进行了流动沸腾传热性能的实验研究，重点围绕热通量和通道宽度对流动沸腾特性的影响。烧结微通道采用铜粉加压烧结的方法，使用150 μm树枝状铜粉进行烧结，制备了三种通道宽度分别为1.8、0.6和0.2 mm的并联微通道，对应的槽数分别为11、22和33槽。研究发现：存在最优通道宽度，其综合沸腾换热效果达到最优。在4 L/h流量下，中等宽度样品最高传热系数可达200 kW/(m²·K)，临界热通量可达到170 W/cm²左右。可视化研究发现：通道宽度对压力脉动曲线会造成很大影响，适中的通道宽度压力脉动曲线更为有序，大大缓解压力脉动从而提升微通道的沸腾换热性能。

关键词: 烧结, 蒸发, 微通道, 过冷流动沸腾, 气液两相流

Abstract:

The application of microchannel boiling cooling for electronic devices has attracted much attention in recent years. An experimental study of the flow boiling in sintered microchannels was carried out, focusing on the effects of channel width on the flow boiling performance. Sintered microchannels were sintered by 150 μm dendritic copper powder by the pressurized sintering. Three types of parallel microchannels with channel widths of 1.8 mm, 0.6 mm, and 0.2 mm were prepared, corresponding to channel number, 11, 22, and 33, respectively. It was found that there exists the optimal channel width for the sintered microchannel, which could achieve the maximum heat transfer coefficient of 200 kW/(m²·K), and the largest critical heat flux of about 170 W/cm²at a flow rate of 4 L/h. Visual research found that the channel width has a great impact on the pressure pulsation curve. A moderate channel width pressure pulsation curve is more orderly, which greatly alleviates the pressure pulsation and thereby improves the boiling heat transfer performance of the microchannel.

Key words: sintering, evaporation, microchannels, subcooled flow boiling, gas-liquid flow

中图分类号:

TK 124

徐健, 张东辉, 黄俊, 冯磊, 杨丰源, 高祥. 结构参数对烧结微通道流动沸腾性能的影响[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(11): 4548-4558.

Jian XU, Donghui ZHANG, Jun HUANG, Lei FENG, Fengyuan YANG, Xiang GAO. Effect of structural parameters on flow boiling performance of sintered microchannels[J]. CIESC Journal, 2023, 74(11): 4548-4558.

图/表 16

图1 微通道实验测试系统1—恒温水箱；2—调节阀；3—微型齿轮泵；4—流量计；5—节流阀；6—压力传感器；7—微通道热沉室；8—调节阀；9—储水水箱；10—高速摄相机；11—直流电源；12—同步系统；13—NI数据采集系统；14—计算机

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of microchannel experimental test system

图2 微通道热沉室示意图

Fig.2 Schematic diagram of microchannel heat sink

图3 不同槽宽的烧结微通道示意图

Fig.3 Schematic diagram of sintered microchannels with different channel widths

表1 烧结微通道结构参数

Table 1 Sintered microchannel structural parameters

铜粉粒径/μm	微通道深度/mm	微通道数目	微通道宽度/mm
150	1.2	11,22,33	1.8,0.6,0.2

图4 烧结微通道样品电镜图

Fig.4 Electron micrograph of sintered microchannel samples

图5 不同槽宽样品的毛细上升高度随时间的变化

Fig.5 Variation of capillary rise height with time for samples with different slot widths

图6 不同通道数沸腾曲线

Fig.6 Boiling curves for different channel numbers

图7 不同通道数传热系数曲线

Fig.7 HTC curves for different channel numbers

图8 不同槽宽烧结微通道的平均压降曲线

Fig.8 Average pressure drop curves of sintered microchannels with different channel widths

图9 流量对沸腾曲线和传热系数的影响

Fig.9 Effect of flow rate on boiling and heat transfer coefficient curves

图10 11槽样品在100 W/cm2下的压力脉动及局部放大图

Fig.10 Pressure pulsation and localized magnification of 11-channels sample at 100 W/cm 2

图11 11槽烧结样品的可视化

Fig.11 Visualization of 11-channels sintered sample

图12 22槽样品在100W/cm2下的压力脉动及局部放大图

Fig.12 Pressure pulsation and localized magnification of 22-channels sample at 100 W/cm2

图13 22槽烧结样品的可视化

Fig.13 Visualization of 22-channels sintered sample

图14 33槽样品在100 W/cm2下的压力脉动及局部放大图

Fig.14 Pressure pulsation and localized magnification of 33-channels sample at 100 W/cm2

图15 33槽烧结样品的可视化

Fig.15 Visualization of 33-channels sintered sample

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