浮顶罐内含蜡原油静态储存中的冷却胶凝规律

doi:10.11949/j.issn.0438-1157.20170788

化工学报 ›› 2017, Vol. 68 ›› Issue (12): 4882-4891.DOI: 10.11949/j.issn.0438-1157.20170788

• 过程安全 • 上一篇

浮顶罐内含蜡原油静态储存中的冷却胶凝规律

赵健¹, 董航¹, 付小明², 雷启盟¹

1 东北石油大学提高采收率教育部重点实验室, 黑龙江大庆 163318;
2 大庆油田有限责任公司储运销售分公司, 黑龙江大庆 163000

收稿日期:2017-06-19 修回日期:2017-09-24 出版日期:2017-12-05 发布日期:2017-12-05
通讯作者: 赵健
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目（51674086，51704077）；黑龙江省普通本科高等学校青年创新人才培养计划项目（UNPYSCT-2016125）；东北石油大学优秀科研人才培育基金项目（SCXHB201601）。

Cooling and gelatinization rule of waxy crude oil during static storage in floating roof tank

ZHAO Jian¹, DONG Hang¹, FU Xiaoming², LEI Qimeng¹

1 Key Laboratory for Enhanced Oil and Gas Recovery of Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing 163318, Heilongjiang, China;
2 Transportation and Storage and Marketing Subsidiary Company of Daqing Oil Field, Daqing 163000, Heilongjiang, China

Received:2017-06-19 Revised:2017-09-24 Online:2017-12-05 Published:2017-12-05
Supported by:
supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51674086, 51704077), the University Nursing Program for Young Scholars with Creative Talents in Heilongjiang Province of China (UNPYSCT-2016125) and the Fostering Foundation for the University Nursing Program for Young Scholars with Creative Talents in Heilongjiang Province of China (SCXHB201601).

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

将失流点以下的含蜡原油看作是多孔介质体系，以附加比热容法描述蜡的结晶潜热，动量源项方法表征蜡晶网络结构对液态原油的流动阻力，基于有限体积法数值模拟含蜡原油的冷却胶凝过程。结果表明：传热机制和边界条件主导了凝油结构的演变进程。在自然对流作用下，凝油最先在罐底和罐壁所包围的区域内产生，且其始终是罐内胶凝最严重区域。罐顶最先形成完整的凝油层，其发展先后经历了慢速增长和快速增长两个阶段，且其凝油层厚度逐渐趋于均匀分布；其次是罐底，其发展过程与罐顶相反；最后是罐壁，其凝油层的演变具有从罐底沿罐壁向罐顶推进的特点。罐内对流越强，罐顶凝油层的增长速率越缓慢，罐底凝油层的增长速率越快。基于温度场及凝油结构的演变规律，可以将含蜡原油的冷却过程分为3个阶段，即自然对流占主导的第1阶段，导热逐步取代自然对流的第2阶段，及以导热为主导机制、边界条件调控下的第3阶段，同时给出了不同阶段原油温度分布和散热损失规律的细节。

关键词: 原油, 传热, 静态储存, 胶凝, 数值模拟

Abstract:

Based on the assumption that waxy crude oil is deemed as the porous medium system under the temperature of losing flow point, the additional specific heat capacity method is used to describe the wax crystallization heat, and the momentum source term method is adopted to represent the flow resistance on the liquid oil due to the formation of network structure made by waxy crystal. The finite volume method is used to simulate the gelatinization process of waxy crude oil. The result shows that the gelatinization evolution is mainly conducted by the heat transfer mechanism and boundary condition. Affected by natural convection, the gelled crude oil first generates in the region surrounded by the sidewall and base wall, which is always the most serious gelled region in the tank. The integrated gelled oil layer first appears on the top wall, then it experiences two steps which include the slow growth and fast growth. Moreover, the gelled oil layer is gradually tends to be even when the cooling advances. Later after it appears on the top wall, the gelled oil layer covers the base wall which has the opposite development process from that on the top wall. The gelled oil layer covers the sidewall at the last step. On the sidewall the evolution of gelled oil layer has the trait of advancing from the base wall to the top wall along the sidewall. When natural convection gets stronger, the increasing rate of gelled oil layer turns to be smaller on the top wall, but it has the opposite behavior on the base wall. Based on the temperature profile and evolution of gelled structure, the cooling process can be divided into three states. Natural convection dominates the heat transfer behavior in the first stage. In the second stage, heat conduction gradually replaced the dominant role of natural convection. Finally the heat transfer behavior is conducted by heat conduction and boundary condition in the third stage. In the meantime, the rule of temperature profile and heat loss is also provided.

Key words: crude oil, heat transfer, static storage, gelatinization, numerical simulation

中图分类号:

TE832.2

赵健, 董航, 付小明, 雷启盟. 浮顶罐内含蜡原油静态储存中的冷却胶凝规律[J]. 化工学报, 2017, 68(12): 4882-4891.

ZHAO Jian, DONG Hang, FU Xiaoming, LEI Qimeng. Cooling and gelatinization rule of waxy crude oil during static storage in floating roof tank[J]. CIESC Journal, 2017, 68(12): 4882-4891.

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浮顶罐内含蜡原油静态储存中的冷却胶凝规律

Cooling and gelatinization rule of waxy crude oil during static storage in floating roof tank

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