一维二氧化碳管道全孔破裂模型

doi:10.11949/j.issn.0438-1157.20181167

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

在碳捕捉和储存（CCS）技术中，CO₂主要通过高压管道从捕获点输送到储存点。一旦发生管道破裂引起泄漏，管道破裂条件、泄漏量大小与事故后果直接相关。因此，为了确保安全，必须对管道破裂后CO₂管道流量等进行准确预测，特别是获取破裂条件，为大规模CCS项目的实施提供有效的技术支持。建立了一维（1D）计算流体动力学（CFD）管道破裂减压预测模型，通过使用精确的状态方程(PR,GERG)来实现更好的源强度估计。摩擦和传热的影响是通过动量和能量项来实现的。该模型适用于单相和气液两相减压流动。在两相模拟方面，通过引入质量和能量项来实现液/气转变。通过三个独立的减压流动实验验证了模型预测。此外，还研究了管壁粗糙度和管径对泄漏流量的影响。这项研究有助于提供一个可靠的与CCS相关的风险评估方法。

关键词: 气液两相流, 相变, 碳捕捉技术, 计算流体力学, 状态方程

Abstract:

In carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology, CO₂ is transported from the capture point to the storage point primarily through high pressure piping. The potential for pipeline rupture and leakage, possibly resulting in catastrophic accidents, will presents a risk to human and animal populations. Therefore, to ensure pipeline safety, an essential risk assessment involving an accurate prediction of CO₂ pipe flow following the pipeline fracture, especially obtaining the conditions at rupture, provides effective technical support for the implementation of large-scale CCS projects and contribute to pipeline safety. In the present paper, a one-dimensional (1D) Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) pipe flow model to predict pipeline fracture is developed. Precise Equation of States (EOSs), PR and GERG, is used to achieve more accurate source strength estimates. The effects of friction and heat transfer through the pipe wall are accounted for through momentum and energy source terms. The model is applicable for both single-phase and gas-liquid two-phase flow. In terms of two-phase simulation, liquid/vapour transition is implemented by introducing mass and energy source terms. The model predictions are validated by data from three independent depressurization experiments. Also, the effects of pipe wall roughness and pipe diameter on mass outflow rate are investigated. This research helps provide a reliable method for risk assessment related to CCS.

Key words: gas-liquid?flow, phase transition, carbon capture and storage, computational fluid dynamics, equation of state

中图分类号:

TE 832

刘斌, 尤占平, 邓佳佳. 一维二氧化碳管道全孔破裂模型[J]. 化工学报, 2019, 70(6): 2174-2181.

Bin LIU, Zhanping YOU, Jiajia DENG. One-dimensional carbon dioxide pipe full hole fracture model[J]. CIESC Journal, 2019, 70(6): 2174-2181.

图/表 6

图1 计算区域网格示意图

Fig.1 Schematic of computational mesh

图2 网格敏感性测试

Fig.2 Mesh sensitive test

图3 模型考虑与忽略摩擦传热时流量随时间的变化

Fig.3 Comparison of mass flow rate considering and not considering heat transfer and friction

图4 不同粗糙度质量流量随时间的变化

Fig.4 Effect of roughness on variation of predicted mass flow rate with time

图5 不同粗糙度出口气态体积分数随时间的变化

Fig.5 Effect of roughness on variation of vapour volume fraction with time at rupture

图6 不同管道内径质量流量通量随时间的变化

Fig.6 Effect of inner diameters of pipe on variation of predicted mass flow flux with time

参考文献 30

1	Vianello C , Macchietto S , Maschio G . Conceptual models for CO₂ release and risk assessment: a review[J]. Chemical Engineering Transactions, 2012, 26: 573-578.
2	Liu X , Godbole A , Lu C , et al . Investigation of terrain effects on the consequence distance of CO₂ released from high-pressure pipelines[J]. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, 2017, 66: 264-275.
3	Liu B , Liu X , Lu C , et al . A CFD decompression model for CO₂ mixture and the influence of non-equilibrium phase transition[J]. Applied Energy, 2018, 227: 516-524.
4	Lee J S , Choieport E C . CO₂ leakage environmental damage cost— a CCS project in South Korea[J]. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2018, 93: 753-758.
5	Liu X , Godbole A , Lu C , et al . Source strength and dispersion of CO₂ releases from high-pressure pipelines: CFD model using real gas equation of state[J]. Applied Energy, 2014, 126: 56-68.
6	Brown S , Martynov S , Mahgerefteh H , et al . A homogeneous relaxation flow model for the full bore rupture of dense phase CO₂ pipelines[J]. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, 2013, 17: 349-356.
7	Woolley R M , Fairweather M , Wareing C J . An integrated, multi-scale modelling approach for the simulation of multiphase dispersion from accidental CO₂ pipeline releases in realistic terrain[J]. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, 2014, 27: 221-238.
8	Morrow T B , Bass R L , Lock J A . An LPG pipeline break flow model[J]. Journal of Energy Resources Technology, 1983, 105: 379-387.
9	Witlox W M H , Stene J , Harper M . Modelling of discharge and atmospheric dispersion for carbon dioxide releases including sensitivity analysis for wide range of scenarios[J]. Energy Procedia, 2011, 4: 2253-2260.
10	Lu C , Michal G , Elshahomi A . Investigation of the effects of pipe wall roughness and pipe diameter on the decompression wave speed in natural gas pipelines[C]//9th International Pipeline Conference. Calgary, Alberta, Canada, 2012.
11	Angielczyk W , Bartosiewicz Y , Butrymowicz D , et al . 1-D modeling of supersonic carbon dioxide two-phase flow through ejector motive nozzle[C]//International Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Conference. Purdue University, 2010.
12	Brown S , Martynov S , Mahgerefteh H , et al . Modelling the non-equilibrium two-phase flow during depressurisation of CO₂ pipelines[J]. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, 2014, 30: 9-18.
13	Elshahomi A , Lu C , Michal C , et al . Decompression wave speed in CO₂ mixtures: CFD modelling with the GERG-2008 equation of state[J]. Applied Energy, 2015 140: 20-32.
14	Liu X , Godbole A , Lu C , et al . Study of the consequences of CO₂ released from high-pressure pipelines[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2015, 116: 51-64.
15	Deng Y J , Hu H B , Yu B . A method for simulating the release of natural gas from the rupture of high-pressure pipelines in any terrain[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2018, 342: 418-428.
16	Peng D Y , Robinson D B . A new two-constant equation of state[J]. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Fundamentals, 1976, 15: 59-64.
17	Kunz O , Wagner W . The GERG-2008 wide-range equation of state for natural gases and other mixtures: an expansion of GERG-2004[J]. Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data, 2012, 57: 3032-3091.
18	Liu B , Liu X , Lu C , et al . Multi-phase decompression modeling of CO₂ pipelines[J]. Greenhouse Gases: Science and Technology, 2017, 7(4): 665-679.
19	Guo X , Yan X , Yu J , et al . Pressure responses and phase transitions during the release of high pressure CO₂ from a large-scale pipeline[J]. Energy, 2017, 118: 1066-1078.
20	Botros K K , Geerligs J , Rothwell B , et al . Measurements of decompression wave speed in binary mixtures of carbon dioxide and impurities[J]. Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology, 2016, 139(2): 021301.
21	Botros K K , Geerligs J , Rothwell B , et al . Transferability of decompression wave speed measured by a small-diameter shock tube to full size pipelines and implications for determining required fracture propagation resistance[J]. International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping, 2010, 87: 681-695.
22	Botros K K , Geerligs J , Rothwell B , et al . Measurements of decompression wave speed in simulated anthropogenic carbon dioxide mixtures containing hydrogen[J]. Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology, 2017, 139(2): 021201-7.
23	Armsmstrong K , Allanson D . 2” NB shocktube releases of dense phase CO₂ [R]. Leicestershire: DNV GL&GL Industrial Services UK Ltd, 2014.
24	Oke A , Mahgerefteh H , Economou I , et al . A transient outflow model for pipeline puncture[J]. Chemical Engineering Science, 2003, 58: 4591-4604.
25	Phillips A G , Robinson C G . Gas decompression behavior following the rupture of high pressure pipelines - Phase 1, PRCI Contract PR-273-0135[C]//Pipeline Research Council International, 2002.
26	Savidge J L . Report to AGA transmission measurement committee task Group 13 on A.G.A. Report No.10 speed of sound,[C]//AGA Operations Conference. Marriott, Denver, USA, 2001.
27	Zhou X J , Li K , Tu R , et al . A modelling study of the multiphase leakage flow from pressurised CO₂ pipeline[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2016, 306: 286-294.
28	Aursand E , Aursand P , Hammer M , et al . The influence of CO₂ mixture composition and equations of state on simulations of transient pipeline decompression[J]. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, 2016, 54(2): 599-609.
29	ANSYS . ANSYS FLUENT UDF Manual[Z]. USA: ANSYS Inc., 2011.
30	Lee W H . A Pressure Iteration Scheme for Two-phase Flow Modeling [M]. Washington D C: Hemisphere Publishing, 1980: 407-431.

[1]	张双星, 刘舫辰, 张义飞, 杜文静. R-134a脉动热管相变蓄放热实验研究[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(S1): 165-171.
[2]	江河, 袁俊飞, 王林, 邢谷雨. 均流腔结构对微细通道内相变流动特性影响的实验研究[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(S1): 235-244.
[3]	吴延鹏, 刘乾隆, 田东民, 陈凤君. 相变材料与热管耦合的电子器件热管理研究进展[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(S1): 25-31.
[4]	张思雨, 殷勇高, 贾鹏琦, 叶威. 双U型地埋管群跨季节蓄热特性研究[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(S1): 295-301.
[5]	肖明堃, 杨光, 黄永华, 吴静怡. 浸没孔液氧气泡动力学数值研究[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(S1): 87-95.
[6]	温凯杰, 郭力, 夏诏杰, 陈建华. 一种耦合CFD与深度学习的气固快速模拟方法[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(9): 3775-3785.
[7]	袁佳琦, 刘政, 黄锐, 张乐福, 贺登辉. 泡状入流条件下旋流泵能量转换特性研究[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(9): 3807-3820.
[8]	邢雷, 苗春雨, 蒋明虎, 赵立新, 李新亚. 井下微型气液旋流分离器优化设计与性能分析[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(8): 3394-3406.
[9]	高燕, 伍鹏, 尚超, 胡泽君, 陈晓东. 基于双流体喷嘴的磁性琼脂糖微球的制备及其蛋白吸附性能探究[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(8): 3457-3471.
[10]	汪林正, 陆俞冰, 张睿智, 罗永浩. 基于分子动力学模拟的VOCs热氧化特性分析[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(8): 3242-3255.
[11]	岳林静, 廖艺涵, 薛源, 李雪洁, 李玉星, 刘翠伟. 凹坑缺陷对厚孔板喉部空化流动特性影响研究[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(8): 3292-3308.
[12]	何晓崐, 刘锐, 薛园, 左然. MOCVD生长AlN单晶薄膜的气相和表面化学反应综述[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(7): 2800-2813.
[13]	张贲, 王松柏, 魏子亚, 郝婷婷, 马学虎, 温荣福. 超亲水多孔金属结构驱动的毛细液膜冷凝及传热强化[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(7): 2824-2835.
[14]	史昊鹏, 钟达文, 廉学新, 张君峰. 朝下多尺度沟槽翅片结构表面沸腾换热实验研究[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(7): 2880-2888.
[15]	史方哲, 甘云华. 超薄热管启动特性和传热性能数值模拟[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(7): 2814-2823.