循环风量对新型家用纯净水机制冷系统及制水性能的影响

doi:10.11949/j.issn.0438-1157.20180672

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

提出一种利用蒸气压缩制冷和空气加湿除湿原理相结合的家用纯净水生产系统，基于所搭建的性能测试台，实验研究了系统运行工况参数、制冷量、系统功耗、COP以及单位时间制水量和单位能耗制水量等性能参数随循环风量的变化规律。结果表明：随着循环风量的增大，系统制冷量、功耗及单位时间制水量均呈现上升趋势，COP则存在一个峰值；在实验工况下系统最大制水量达668 g/h，同时该系统存在一个最佳的循环风量为110.2 m³/h，使系统单位能耗制水量达最大，为2067 g/(kW·h)。利用该系统所制取水的卫生指标（TDS < 3 mg/L）和日产水量（> 12 L/d）均可满足一般家庭饮用需求，具有广阔的应用前景。

关键词: 纯净水机, 蒸气压缩制冷, 增湿-除湿, 循环风量, 系统性能, 传热, 传质

Abstract:

In this paper, a novel household pure water production system was proposed and established by combining the principles of vapor compression refrigeration and air humidification-dehumidification. The effects of the circulating air quantity on some running and performance parameters were experimentally conducted. These parameters included operating conditions of the system, refrigerating capacity, power consumption, coefficient of performance (COP), and produced water quantity of unit time and unit energy consumption. The results showed that with the increase of circulating air quantity, system refrigerating capacity, power consumption and produced water quantity of unit time tended to rise, the COP showed a downward trend after rising first, and the maximum water production of the system under the conditions studied in this paper was 668 g/h. The system has an optimal circulating air volume of 110.2 m³/h, which maximizes the system s energy consumption per unit, which is 2067 g/(kW·h). The hygienic indicators (i.e. TDS less than 3) and daily production (above 12 L/d) of the water in the system can meet the requirements of the general household drinking and the system has a wide application prospect.

Key words: pure water machine, vapor compression refrigeration, humidification-dehumidification, circulating air quantity, system performance, heat transfer, mass transfer

中图分类号:

TB 61⁺5

汪力, 武卫东, 胡锟. 循环风量对新型家用纯净水机制冷系统及制水性能的影响[J]. 化工学报, 2019, 70(1): 99-106.

Li WANG, Weidong WU, Kun HU. Influence of circulating air quantity on cooling system and water producing performance of new household pure water machine[J]. CIESC Journal, 2019, 70(1): 99-106.

图/表 7

图1 新型家用纯净水机系统组成及原理示意图

Fig.1 System composition and principle diagram of a new household pure water machine

表1 实验工况

Table 1 Experimental conditions

Ambient air temperature/℃

Inlet water temperature of system /℃

Water intake/(L/h)

Compressor speed/

(r/min)

Circulating air quantity/

(m³/h)

4.0

2880

80.8—117.5

图2 不同循环风量下蒸发器进、出口制冷剂温度和循环空气温度的变化

Fig.2 Influence of circulating air quantity on evaporator inlet/outlet refrigerant temperature and air temperature

图3 不同循环风量下压缩机吸、排气温度与压力的变化

Fig.3 Influence of circulating air quantity on compressor suction/discharge temperature and pressure

图4 不同循环风量下主冷凝器进、出口制冷剂温度和循环空气温度及相对湿度的变化

Fig.4 Influence of circulating air quantity on condenser inlet/outlet refrigerant temperature, air temperature and relative humidity

图5 不同循环风量对系统制冷量、系统功耗及COP的影响

Fig.5 Influence of circulating air quantity on refrigerating capacity, power consumption and COP

图6 不同循环风量下系统单位时间制水量和单位能耗产水量的变化

Fig.6 Influence of circulating air quantity on unit time water production and unit energy consumption water production

参考文献 31

1	吴义锋, 吕锡武. 饮用水深度处理系统溶解性有机的变化与组成特性[J]. 化工学报, 2011, 62(3): 805-810.
	WuY F, LyuX W. Characteristics and constituent of dissolved organics in drinking water advanced treatment process[J]. CIESC Journal, 2011, 62(3): 805-810.
2	YangH J, ShenZ M, ZhangJ P, et al. Water quality characteristics along the course of the Huangpu River (China)[J]. Journal of Environmental Sciences, 2007, (10): 1193-1198.
3	WardM H, JonesR R, BrenderJ D, et al. Drinking water nitrate and human health: an updated review[J]. International Journal of Environmental Research & Public Health, 2018, 15(7): 1557.
4	BehroozE, MasoumeS, MiladS, et al. The effectiveness of home water purification systems on the amount of fluoride in drinking water[J]. Journal of Dentistry, 2015, 16(3): 278-281.
5	王恩东. 纯净水的生产设计[J]. 化学工程与装备, 2012, (8): 125-128.
	WangE D. Pure water production design[J]. Chemica1 Engineering & Equipment, 2012, (8): 125-128.
6	SunZ, FanY, WangB. Status and trend of domestic and imported drinking water purifiers[J]. Journal of Harbin University of Civil Engineering & Architecture, 1999, (4): 61-64.
7	潘杰峰, 郑瑜, 丁金成, 等. 膜法电容去离子技术用于水溶液中单/多价阴离子的分离[J]. 化工学报, 2018, 69(8): 3502-3508.
	PanJ F, ZhengY, DingJ C, et al. Monovalent anions removal by capacitive deionization integrated with monovalent anion permselective exchange membrane[J]. CIESC Journal, 2018, 69(8): 3502-3508.
8	王郑. 我国微污染水源水处理技术研究进展[J]. 工业水处理, 2012, 32(10): 1-71.
	WangZ. Research progress in the treatment processes of micro-polluted source water in China[J]. Industrial Water Treatment, 2012, 32(10): 1-71.
9	ShannonM A, BohnP W, ElimelechM, et al. Science and technology for water purification in the coming decades[J]. Nature, 2008, 452(7185): 301-10.
10	赵英, 顾平. 利用分子量分布探讨粉末活性炭对膜生物反应器的影响[J]. 化工学报, 2009, 60(12): 3117-3121.
	ZhaoY, GuP. Influence of PAC on MBR through molecular weight distribution measurement[J]. CIESC Journal, 2009, 60(12): 3117-3121.
11	杨晓明, 张朝晖, 王亮, 等. MIEX和PAC对微污染水源水的水质净化效果比较[J]. 化工学报, 2016, 67(4): 1505-1511.
	YangX M, ZhangZ H, WangL, et al. Comparison of purification of micropolluted source water by MIEX and PAC[J]. CIESC Journal, 2016, 67(4): 1505-1511.
12	TygarinovV V. An equipment for collecting water from air: RS69751[P]. 1947.
13	AhsanA, IslamK M S. FukuharaT, et al. Experimental study on evaporation, condensation and production of a new tubular solar still[J]. Desalination, 2010, 260(1): 172-179.
14	NawaysehN K, FaridM M, OmarA A, et al. Solar desalination based on humidification process(Ⅱ): Computer simulation[J]. Energy Conversion & Management, 1999, 40(13): 1441-1461.
15	JafarM M, ZilouchianA. Prediction of critical desalination parameters using radial basis functions networks[J]. Journal of Intelligent and Robotic Systems, 2002, 34(2): 219-230.
16	KabeelA E, HamedM H, OmaraZ M, et al. Water desalination using a humidification dehumidification technique: a detailed review[J]. Natural Resources, 2013, 4(3): 286-305.
17	欧阳生春, 张文宇, 蔡龙俊. 空调冷凝水作为水资源的回收利用[J]. 电力与能源, 2006, 27(6): 268-270.
	OuyangS C, ZhangW Y, CaiL J. Condensate water recovery as water source in air conditioning[J]. Energy Technology, 2006, 27(6): 268-270.
18	GuzK. Condensate water recovery[J]. ASHRAE Journal, 2005, 47(11): 54-57.
19	陈楠, 申江, 邹同华. 房间空调器冷凝水的利用与节能[J]. 暖通空调, 2003, 33(2): 117-118.
	ChenN, ShenJ, ZouT H. Utilization and energy saving of condensing water from room air conditioner[J]. Journal of HV& AC, 2003, 33(2): 117-118.
20	赵岐华. 对《房间空调器冷凝水的利用和节能》的一点看法[J]. 暖通空调, 2005, 35(5): 58-59.
	ZhaoQ H. Opinion on Utilization of condensing water from room air conditioner and energy saving[J]. Journal of HV& AC, 2005, 35(5): 58-59.
21	魏燕, 胡永海. 空调冷凝水作为饮用水的回收利用[J]. 节能, 2008, 27(3): 41-43.
	WeiY, HuY H. Recycling of air-conditioning condensate as drinking water[J]. Energy Conservation, 2008, 27(3): 41-43.
22	梁仁建, 李林. 空调冷凝水净化直饮水装置的研制[J]. 低温与超导, 2009, 37(2): 65-67.
	LiangR J, LiL. The research of purifying air-conditioning condensed water into direct drinking water[J]. Cryogenics and Superconductivity, 2009, 37(2): 65-67.
23	金听祥, 张彩荣. 冷凝水在家用空调中回收利用技术的研究进展[J]. 低温与超导, 2016, (1): 41-45.
	JinT X, ZhangC R. Research development of recovery and utilization technology of condensate water in household air conditioner[J]. Cryogenics and Superconductivity, 2016, (1): 41-45.
24	LiuB, LiQ, ZhouZ, et al. The effect of the inject pressure on the distilled water by vacuum heat pump[J]. Desalination, 2016, 399: 29-33.
25	SiqueirosJ, HollandF A. Water desalination using heat pumps[J]. Energy, 2000, 25(8): 717-729.
26	唐福辉, 刘斌. 多功能蒸馏水机: 102219270A[P]. 2011-10-19.
	TangF H, LiuB. Multifunctional water distilling machine: 102219270A[P]. 2011-10-19.
27	孟中华, 刘仲, 刘雪慧, 等. 饮用水中5项指标检测结果的相关性分析[J]. 中国卫生检验杂志, 2015, (18): 3205-3206.
	MengZ H, LiuZ, LiuX H, et al. Correlative analysis of the results of five indicators in drinking water[J]. Chinese Journal of Health Laboratory Technology, 2015, (18): 3205-3206.
28	中华人民共和国卫生部, 中国国家标准化管理委员会. 生活饮用水标准检验方法: GB/T5750.1—2006[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2007.
	Ministry of Health of the People s Republic of China, Standardiza-tion Administration of the People s Republic of China. Standard examination methods for drinking water: GB/T5750.1—2006[S]. Beijing: Standards Press of China, 2007.
29	MoffatR J. Describing the uncertainties in experimental results[J]. Experimental Thermal & Fluid Science, 1988, 1(1): 3-17.
30	MoffatR J. Contributions to the theory of single-sample uncertainty analysis[J]. Journal of Fluids Engineering, 1982, 104(2): 250-260.
31	中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局, 中国国家标准化管理委员会. 家用和类似用途饮用水处理内芯: GB/T 30306—2013[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2013.
	General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People s Republic of China, Standardization Administration of the People s Republic of China. Household and similar purposes drinking water purification inner core: GB/T 30306—2013[S]. Beijing: Standards Press of China, 2013.

[1]	晁京伟, 许嘉兴, 李廷贤. 基于无管束蒸发换热强化策略的吸附热池的供热性能研究[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(S1): 302-310.
[2]	程成, 段钟弟, 孙浩然, 胡海涛, 薛鸿祥. 表面微结构对析晶沉积特性影响的格子Boltzmann模拟[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(S1): 74-86.
[3]	张双星, 刘舫辰, 张义飞, 杜文静. R-134a脉动热管相变蓄放热实验研究[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(S1): 165-171.
[4]	张义飞, 刘舫辰, 张双星, 杜文静. 超临界二氧化碳用印刷电路板式换热器性能分析[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(S1): 183-190.
[5]	陈爱强, 代艳奇, 刘悦, 刘斌, 吴翰铭. 基板温度对HFE7100液滴蒸发过程的影响研究[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(S1): 191-197.
[6]	刘明栖, 吴延鹏. 导光管直径和长度对传热影响的模拟分析[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(S1): 206-212.
[7]	王志国, 薛孟, 董芋双, 张田震, 秦晓凯, 韩强. 基于裂隙粗糙性表征方法的地热岩体热流耦合数值模拟与分析[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(S1): 223-234.
[8]	齐聪, 丁子, 余杰, 汤茂清, 梁林. 基于选择吸收纳米薄膜的太阳能温差发电特性研究[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(9): 3921-3930.
[9]	李艺彤, 郭航, 陈浩, 叶芳. 催化剂非均匀分布的质子交换膜燃料电池操作条件研究[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(9): 3831-3840.
[10]	王玉兵, 李杰, 詹宏波, 朱光亚, 张大林. R134a在菱形离散肋微小通道内的流动沸腾换热实验研究[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(9): 3797-3806.
[11]	李科, 文键, 忻碧平. 耦合蒸气冷却屏的真空多层绝热结构对液氢储罐自增压过程的影响机制研究[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(9): 3786-3796.
[12]	陈天华, 刘兆轩, 韩群, 张程宾, 李文明. 喷雾冷却换热强化研究进展及影响因素[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(8): 3149-3170.
[13]	杨越, 张丹, 郑巨淦, 涂茂萍, 杨庆忠. NaCl水溶液喷射闪蒸-掺混蒸发的实验研究[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(8): 3279-3291.
[14]	洪瑞, 袁宝强, 杜文静. 垂直上升管内超临界二氧化碳传热恶化机理分析[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(8): 3309-3319.
[15]	张贲, 王松柏, 魏子亚, 郝婷婷, 马学虎, 温荣福. 超亲水多孔金属结构驱动的毛细液膜冷凝及传热强化[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(7): 2824-2835.