系列磺酸钠型Gemini表面活性剂的合成及表征

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0438-1157.2014.04.029

化工学报 ›› 2014, Vol. 65 ›› Issue (4): 1368-1373.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0438-1157.2014.04.029

系列磺酸钠型Gemini表面活性剂的合成及表征

张光华, 付小龙, 王鹏, 刘磊, 吴桂霞

陕西科技大学教育部轻化工助剂化学与技术重点实验室, 陕西西安 710021

收稿日期:2013-08-23 修回日期:2013-11-04 出版日期:2014-04-05 发布日期:2013-11-27
通讯作者: 付小龙
作者简介:张光华（1962—），男，博士，教授。
基金资助:
陕西省教育厅重点实验室项目（2010JS055）。

Preparation and characterization of sulfonate sodium-containing Gemini surfactants

ZHANG Guanghua, FU Xiaolong, WANG Peng, LIU Lei, WU Guixia

Key Laboratory of Auxiliary Chemistry & Technology for Chemical Industry, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, Shaanxi, China

Received:2013-08-23 Revised:2013-11-04 Online:2014-04-05 Published:2013-11-27
Supported by:
supported by the Key Laboratory Project of Education Department of Shaanxi Province (2010JS055).

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 通过两步反应，合成了三种磺酸钠型Gemini表面活性剂6， 6’-（丙基-1， 3-二基双氧）双（3-壬基苯磺酸钠）（9B-3-9B）、6， 6’-（正丁基-1， 4-二基双氧）双（3-壬基苯磺酸钠）（9B-4-9B）和6， 6’-（正戊基-1， 5-二基双氧）双（3-壬基苯磺酸钠）（9B-5-9B），并讨论了反应温度和反应时间对产物产率的影响，优化了反应条件。利用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪（FTIR）、核磁共振仪（¹H NMR）和元素分析仪表征产物结构，并通过DCTA21表面界面张力仪测定其在水溶液中的表面张力。结果表明：与传统表面活性剂十二烷基苯磺酸钠（SDBS）相比，Gemini表面活性剂9B-m-9B（m=3， 4， 5）具有更高的表面活性，其临界胶束浓度（CMC）分别为0.14、0.11、0.12 mmol·L^-1，对应的表面张力g_CMC分别为29.43、29.26、28.22 mN·m^-1。

关键词: Gemini表面活性剂, 表面张力, 临界胶束浓度, 合成, 优化, 反应

Abstract: Three sulfonate sodium-containing Gemini surfactants, 6,6'-(propane-1,3-diylbis(oxy)) bis(3-nonenzenesulfonate sodium) (9B-3-9B), 6, 6'-(butane-1, 4-diylbis(oxy)) bis(3-nonylbenzenesulfonic sodium) (9B-4-9B) and 6, 6'-(pentane-1, 5-diylbis(oxy)) bis(3-nonylbenzenesulfonate sodium) (9B-5-9B), were synthesized through two-step reaction using nonylphenol (NP), 1, 3-dibromopropane, 1, 4-dibromobutane, 1, 5-dibromopentane and chloro sulfonic acid as main starting materials. The influence of reaction temperature and time on the yields of 9B-m-9B was studied. The structures of 9B-m-9B were characterized by FTIR, ¹H NMR and elemental analysis, and their abilities to lower water surface tension were also evaluated by surface tension measurement. The yields were 59.94%, 65.27% and 53.91% for 9B-3-9B, 9B-4-9B and 9B-5-9B, respectively, when the reaction condition was at 0℃ for 6 h. Three synthesized surfactants 9B-m-9B (m=3, 4, 5) showed surface properties superior to conventional monomeric surfactant sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDBS), and their critical micelle concentrations (CMC) were 0.14, 0.11 and 0.12 mmol·L^-1, g_CMC were 29.43, 29.26 and 28.22 mN·m^-1 for 9B-m-9B(m=3, 4, 5), respectively.

Key words: Gemini surfactant, surface tension, critical micelle concentration, synthesis, optimization, reaction

中图分类号:

TQ423.11

张光华, 付小龙, 王鹏, 刘磊, 吴桂霞. 系列磺酸钠型Gemini表面活性剂的合成及表征[J]. 化工学报, 2014, 65(4): 1368-1373.

ZHANG Guanghua, FU Xiaolong, WANG Peng, LIU Lei, WU Guixia. Preparation and characterization of sulfonate sodium-containing Gemini surfactants[J]. CIESC Journal, 2014, 65(4): 1368-1373.

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系列磺酸钠型Gemini表面活性剂的合成及表征

Preparation and characterization of sulfonate sodium-containing Gemini surfactants

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