煤矸石和赤泥协同提取氧化铝过程矿相转变研究

doi:10.11949/j.issn.0438-1157.20181367

化工学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 70 ›› Issue (4): 1542-1549.DOI: 10.11949/j.issn.0438-1157.20181367

煤矸石和赤泥协同提取氧化铝过程矿相转变研究

郭玉梅^1,²(),曹丽琼¹,郭彦霞¹(),燕可洲¹

1. 山西低附加值煤基资源高值利用协同创新中心，山西大学资源与环境工程研究所，山西太原 030006
2. 山西煤炭职业技术学院，山西太原 030001

收稿日期:2018-11-18 修回日期:2019-01-04 出版日期:2019-04-05 发布日期:2019-04-05
通讯作者: 郭彦霞
作者简介:<named-content content-type="corresp-name">郭玉梅</named-content>(1964—)，女，副教授，<email>gym641117@sohu.com</email>|郭彦霞（1976—），女，博士，教授，<email>guoyx@sxu.edu.cn</email>
基金资助:
山西省煤基低碳科技重大专项(MC2016-05);国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFB0603101)

Mineral transformation in process of combined extraction of alumina from coal gangue and red mud

Yumei GUO^1,²(),Liqiong CAO¹,Yanxia GUO¹(),Kezhou YAN¹

1. Collaborative Innovation Center of High Value-added Utilization of Coal-related Wastes, Institute of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, China
2. Shanxi Vocational and Technical College of Coal, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China

Received:2018-11-18 Revised:2019-01-04 Online:2019-04-05 Published:2019-04-05
Contact: Yanxia GUO

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

开展了煤矸石和赤泥协同提取氧化铝研究，考察了添加赤泥对煤矸石活化提取氧化铝及对助剂碳酸钠消耗量的影响，并利用TG-DSC和XRD研究了赤泥添加对煤矸石活化过程的影响。结果表明，“煤矸石-赤泥-Na₂CO₃”混合样中氧化铝的溶出率随Na/Al摩尔比和煅烧温度的增加而增加，在Al/Si摩尔比为1的条件下，当Na/Al摩尔比为1.2、煅烧温度为850℃时，混合样的氧化铝溶出率可达到91.7%，与碳酸钠直接活化煤矸石相比，碳酸钠消耗量可降低77.9%。TG-DSC和XRD的结果表明，煤矸石、赤泥以及碳酸钠在低于700℃时相互作用比较弱，在高于800℃时三者发生相互作用，赤泥的加入由于调整了样品中的Al/Si摩尔比，使反应的最终物相选择性地向Na∶Al∶Si摩尔比为1∶1∶1的霞石和沸石相转化。

关键词: 煤矸石, 赤泥, 氧化铝, 活化, 废物处理, 矿相转变

Abstract:

Combined extraction of alumina from coal gangue and red mud was studied. The effect of red mud on the alumina extraction of coal gangue and the consumption of Na₂CO₃was investigated. The effect of the red mud on the activation process of coal gangue by Na₂CO₃ calcination was studied by way of TG-DSC and XRD. The results showed that the dissolution of alumina for the mixed “coal gangue-red mud-Na₂CO₃” sample increased with the Na/Al molar ratio and the calcination temperature. The alumina dissolution of the mixed sample reached 91.7% when the Na/Al molar ratio was 1.2 and the calcination temperature was 850℃ at the Al/Si molar ratio of 1. The consumption of Na₂CO₃ decreased 77.9% at this condition by comparison with that of coal gangue activated directly by Na₂CO₃. The results of TG-DSC and XRD showed that the interactions among coal gangue, red mud and Na₂CO₃ were weak at <700℃ and were strengthened at >800℃. The addition of red mud would make the phases in the mixed sample selectively transformed into nepheline and zeolite with a Na∶Al∶Si molar ratio of 1∶1∶1 owing to the adjustment of the Al/Si molar ratio of the sample.

Key words: coal gangue, red mud, alumina, activation, waste treatment, mineral transformation

中图分类号:

TQ 17

郭玉梅, 曹丽琼, 郭彦霞, 燕可洲. 煤矸石和赤泥协同提取氧化铝过程矿相转变研究[J]. 化工学报, 2019, 70(4): 1542-1549.

Yumei GUO, Liqiong CAO, Yanxia GUO, Kezhou YAN. Mineral transformation in process of combined extraction of alumina from coal gangue and red mud[J]. CIESC Journal, 2019, 70(4): 1542-1549.

图/表 7

图1 原料的XRD谱图

Fig.1 XRD patterns of samples

表1 实验原料的化学组成

Table 1 Chemical compositions of samples

Samples	Contents/%(mass)
Samples	SiO₂	Al₂O₃	Fe₂O₃	CaO	K₂O	Na₂O	TiO₂	Loss on ignition
coal gangue	43.2	21.9	3.7	0.9	2.5	0.4	0.76	21.8
red mud	19.1	23.4	15.7	13.3	1.3	9.4	4.4	15.3

图2 “煤矸石-赤泥-Na2CO3”煅烧混合样在盐酸溶液中氧化铝的溶出率

Fig.2 Dissolutions of Al2O3 for calcined CG-RM-Na2CO3 samples in hydrochloric acid solution

表2 不同Na/Al/Si摩尔比下煤矸石、赤泥和Na2CO3的用量

Table 2 Amounts of coal gangue (CG), red mud (RM) and Na2CO3 at various Na∶Al∶Si molar ratios

Na∶Al∶Si molar ratio	Amounts of samples/g			Mass percent of Na₂CO₃ accounting for total mass/%
Na∶Al∶Si molar ratio	CG	RM	Na₂CO₃	Mass percent of Na₂CO₃ accounting for total mass/%
0.5∶1∶1	100	206.8	16.7	5.2
0.8∶1∶1	100	206.8	38.6	11.1
1∶1∶1	100	206.8	53.4	14.8
1.2∶1∶1	100	206.8	67.8	18.1
1.5∶1∶1	100	206.8	89.7	22.6

图3 煤矸石(a)、赤泥(b)、煤矸石-赤泥-Na2CO3混合样(c)的TG-DSC图

Fig.3 TG-DSC analysis for samples of coal gangue (a), red mud (b), and CG-RM-Na2CO3 (c)

图4 不同Na/Al摩尔比的“煤矸石-赤泥-Na2CO3”混合样在850℃煅烧后(a)及酸浸后(b)的XRD谱图

Fig.4 XRD patterns for calcined “CG-RM-Na2CO3” (a) and its acid-leached residue (b) at various Na/Al molar ratios

图5 不同温度下“煤矸石-赤泥-Na2CO3”煅烧样（a）及酸浸渣（b）的XRD谱图

Fig.5 XRD patterns for calcined “CG-RM-Na2CO3” (a) and its acid-leached residue (b) at various calcination temperatures

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煤矸石和赤泥协同提取氧化铝过程矿相转变研究

Mineral transformation in process of combined extraction of alumina from coal gangue and red mud

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