废纸纤维素/SiO2复合气凝胶的性能

doi:10.11949/j.issn.0438-1157.20180916

化工学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 70 ›› Issue (3): 1120-1126.DOI: 10.11949/j.issn.0438-1157.20180916

废纸纤维素/SiO₂复合气凝胶的性能

周钰寒¹(),陈晓玉¹,左成¹,郭庆杰^1,²,赵军¹()

1. 青岛科技大学化工学院清洁化工过程山东省高校重点实验室，山东青岛 266042
2. 宁夏大学省部共建煤炭高效利用与绿色化工国家重点实验室，宁夏银川 750021

收稿日期:2018-08-13 修回日期:2018-11-30 出版日期:2019-03-05 发布日期:2019-03-05
通讯作者: 赵军
作者简介:<named-content content-type="corresp-name">周钰寒</named-content>（1994—），男，硕士研究生，<email>15650163237@163.com</email>|赵军(1980—)，男，博士，讲师，<email>zhaojunqust@163.com</email>
基金资助:
山东省优秀中青年科学家科研奖励基金(BS2014CL011);省部共建煤炭高校利用与绿色化工国家重点实验室开放基金(2018-K37)

Performances of waste paper cellulose/SiO₂ composite aerogel

Yuhan ZHOU¹(),Xiaoyu CHEN¹,Cheng ZUO¹,Qingjie GUO^1,²,Jun ZHAO¹()

1. Key Laboratory of Clean Chemical Processing of Shandong Province, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao 266042, Shandong, China
2. State Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Utilization of Coal & Green Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, Ningxia, China

Received:2018-08-13 Revised:2018-11-30 Online:2019-03-05 Published:2019-03-05
Contact: Jun ZHAO

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

对废纸纤维素进行处理，以甲基三甲氧基硅烷（MTMS）作为硅源，制备纤维素/SiO₂复合水凝胶，经过冷冻干燥得到性能良好的纤维素/SiO₂复合气凝胶。利用扫描电镜（SEM）、接触角测量仪及热重分析（TGA）等对制得的气凝胶进行了表征测试。结果显示材料由大孔、介孔、微孔组成，最低密度为0.107 g/cm³，具有较好的疏水性能，静态疏水接触角可达148.5°，力学性能良好，可实现50%范围内压缩后100%恢复，材料具备良好的吸附性能，吸附油污可达到本身质量的12.7倍，热稳定性提高。在处理有机废水，尤其是水体油污方面有着广阔的应用前景。

关键词: 纤维素, 气凝胶, 复合材料, 吸附, 弹性, 疏水

Abstract:

The waste paper cellulose was treated, and the cellulose/SiO₂ composite hydrogel was prepared by using methyltrimethoxysilane (MTMS) as a silicon source, and freeze-dried to obtain a cellulose/SiO₂ composite aerogel having good performance. The prepared aerogels were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), contact angle measuring instrument and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The results show that the material consists of macropores, mesopores, and micropores with a minimum density of 0.107 g/cm³, which has good hydrophobic properties, static hydrophobic contact angle of up to 148.5°, good mechanical properties, and 100% recovery after compression in 50% range. The material has good adsorption performance, and the adsorbed oil can reach 12.7 times of its own quality, and the thermal stability is improved. It has broad application prospects in the treatment of organic wastewater, especially water pollution.

Key words: cellulose, aerogel, composite material, adsorption, elasticity, hydrophobic

中图分类号:

TQ 35

周钰寒, 陈晓玉, 左成, 郭庆杰, 赵军. 废纸纤维素/SiO₂复合气凝胶的性能[J]. 化工学报, 2019, 70(3): 1120-1126.

Yuhan ZHOU, Xiaoyu CHEN, Cheng ZUO, Qingjie GUO, Jun ZHAO. Performances of waste paper cellulose/SiO₂ composite aerogel[J]. CIESC Journal, 2019, 70(3): 1120-1126.

图/表 10

表1 纤维素含量和pH对复合气凝胶材料的影响

Table 1 Influence of cellulose content and pH on aerogel materials

Sample number	Cellulose content/%(mass)	pH	Density/(g/cm³)	Porosity/%
1	5	4	0.167	78.6
2	10	4	0.146	82.7
3	15	4	0.122	89.2
4	20	4	0.107	91.5
5	20	7	0.102	90.4
6	20	10	0.104	90.1

图1 不同纤维素含量和pH制备纤维素/SiO2复合气凝胶材料的扫描电镜图

Fig.1 SEM of cellulose/SiO2 composite aerogel material with different cellulose content and different hydrolysis pH

图2 纤维素气凝胶及纤维素/SiO2复合气凝胶材料的DTG图

Fig.2 Derivative TGA curves of cellulose aerogel and cellulose/SiO2 composite aerogel materials

图3 纤维素/SiO2复合气凝胶压缩回弹过程的照片

Fig.3 Compression springback photographs of cellulose/SiO2 composite aerogels

图4 纤维素/SiO2复合气凝胶组织结构

Fig.4 Organization chart of cellulose/SiO2 composite aerogels

图5 不同纤维素含量的纤维素/SiO2复合气凝胶的接触角

Fig.5 Contact angle of cellulose /SiO2 composite aerogel materials with different cellulose content

图6 纤维素/SiO2复合气凝胶吸油速率

Fig.6 Oil absorbency rate of cellulose /SiO2 composite aerogel

图7 纤维素/SiO2复合气凝胶对不同油的吸附量随时间的变化

Fig.7 Adsorption capacity of cellulose / SiO2 composite aerogel to different oil varied with time

图8 纤维素/SiO2复合气凝胶对不同油污的吸附能力

Fig.8 Adsorption capacity of cellulose / SiO2 composite aerogel to different oil

图9 纤维素/SiO2复合气凝胶循环使用性能

Fig.9 Recyclability of cellulose / SiO2 composite aerogel

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废纸纤维素/SiO₂复合气凝胶的性能

Performances of waste paper cellulose/SiO₂ composite aerogel

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