基于活性碳纤维毡复合吸附剂的储热性能

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20201576

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

研制了一种以活性碳纤维毡为基质、氯化锂（LiCl）为吸湿盐的复合吸附剂，并辅以硅溶胶进行固化成型。该复合吸附剂可用于以水为吸附质的热化学吸附储热系统，并对其微观结构、吸附性能和储热性能进行了表征研究。制备了不同含盐量的复合吸附剂样品，并根据样品的溶液泄漏现象，确定ACFLi30为最佳样品。通过试验测量，获得ACFLi30样品的热导率、孔比表面积、孔体积和孔径等参数。并对多种温湿度工况下的平衡和动态吸附性能进行测试，研究了不同温湿度条件下样品的吸附特性。结果表明样品的吸水量可达1.1 g/g（20℃、75% RH）。利用同步热分析仪测试了复合吸附剂的储热密度，ACFLi30的质量和体积储热密度分别达到1.08 kW·h/kg和588.2 kW·h/m³。与膨胀蛭石和活性氧化铝等基质相比，活性碳纤维毡基质在体积储热密度更具优势。

关键词: 活性碳纤维毡, 吸附剂, 氯化锂, 吸附, 解吸, 储热

Abstract:

In order for efficient chemisorption heat storage system, an activated carbon fiber (ACF)-LiCl composite sorbent was developed while silica sol (SS) was used for shaping. Morphologies records, sorption kinetics and heat storage performance of ACF-LiCl composite sorbent were investigated. Samples with different salt contents were fabricated to store low-temperature thermal heat by impregnation methods. According to the test of the solution leakage phenomenon, the best sample was determined to be ACFLi30. Through the experimental study, thermal conductivity, specific surface area, pore volume and pore diameter were obtained. Sorption kinetics and equilibrium sorption capacity under conditions of multi temperature and relative humidity were studied by utilizing constant temperature and humidity chamber. The water uptake of ACFLi30 sample can be up to 1.1 g/g. Energy storage density was measured by simultaneous thermal analyzer. ACFLi30 sample had the good energy storage performance with 1.08 kW·h/kg mass energy storage density and 588.2 kW·h/m³ volumetric energy storage density. Compared with expanded vermiculite and activated alumina matrix, composite sorbent with ACF matrix has advantage in volumetric energy storage density. As a consequence, ACF-LiCl is promising sorbent in the field of chemisorption heat storage.

Key words: activated carbon fiber, sorbent, lithium chloride, adsorption, desorption, heat storage

中图分类号:

TK 02

罗伟莉, 王雯雯, 潘权稳, 葛天舒, 王如竹. 基于活性碳纤维毡复合吸附剂的储热性能[J]. 化工学报, 2021, 72(S1): 554-559.

LUO Weili, WANG Wenwen, PAN Quanwen, GE Tianshu, WANG Ruzhu. Heat storage performance of composite adsorbent with activated carbon fiber[J]. CIESC Journal, 2021, 72(S1): 554-559.

图/表 8

图1 复合吸附剂的制备过程

Fig.1 Fabrication process of composite adsorbent

表1 不同复合吸附剂的含盐量

Table 1 Salt content of different composite samples

样品	ACF占比/%	SS占比/%	LiCl占比/%
ACFLi20	0.096	0.654	0.250
ACFLi30	0.080	0.587	0.333
ACFLi40	0.079	0.533	0.388

表2 样品比表面积、孔体积和孔径

Table 2 Pore characteristics of composite samples

样品	比表面积/(m²/g)	孔体积/(cm³/g)	孔径/nm
ACF^[28]	1380.64	0.55	1.58
ACFLi30	124.22	0.11	1.79

表3 样品热导率、热扩散系数和比热容

Table 3 Thermal properties of composite samples

样品

表观密度/(kg/m³)

热导率/

(W/(m?K))

热扩散系数/(mm²/s)

比热容/

(MJ/(m³?K))

图2 ACFLi30的平衡吸附曲线

Fig.2 Water isotherms of ACFLi30 under 25℃

图3 ACFLi30的动态吸附曲线

Fig.3 Dynamic water adsorption curves of ACFLi30 under different conditions

图4 ACFLi30的脱附过程吸水量和热流曲线

Fig.4 STA results of ACFLi30

表4 样品储热密度

Table 4 Heat storage properties of different composite adsorbents

样品	质量储热密度/(kW·h/kg)	体积储热密度/(kW·h/m³)
ACFLi30	1.08	588.2
EVM-LiCl^[29]	1.21	171.6
EVM-LiCl^[30]	0.72	253
AA-LiCl^[20]	0.29	318.3

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