FGP型填料的开发及在甲醇精馏节能减排中的应用

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20211048

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

设计开发了新型导流型填料（FGP-A、FGP-B型填料），在冷模实验塔中以氧气-空气-水作为介质，研究分析了其流体力学与传质性能，并在相同实验条件下与Mellapak125X填料进行对比。实验结果表明，相同比表面积的FGP-A、FGP-B型填料干塔压降分别平均降低22.94%及31.99%；湿塔压降分别平均降低41.48%和47.32%；液泛气速分别平均提高4.93%及7.76%；每米填料理论级数分别平均提高26.72%和22.78%。同时结合FGP型填料流体力学与传质性能的特点，进一步将其应用到10万t/a甲醇精馏工段中。结果表明，应用FGP型填料后冷凝器热负荷降低16.01%，每年可节省冷却水461.10 kt；再沸器热负荷降低26.30%，相当于减排二氧化碳6651.83 t/a。。

关键词: FGP型填料, 流体力学, 传质, 蒸馏

Abstract:

A new series of flow guided packing (FGP-A, FGP-B packing) was designed and developed. The hydrodynamics and mass transfer performance were analyzed in the cold model column by using an air-water-oxygen system, and compared with Mellapak125X packing under the same conditions. The results show that compared with Mellapak125X, the dry pressure drop of FGP125-A and FGP125-B reduced by 22.94% and 31.99% respectively; the wet pressure drop reduced by 41.48% and 47.32% respectively; the flooding gas velocities increased by 4.93% and 7.76% respectively; and the theoretical stages per meter of packing increased by 26.72% and 22.78% respectively. Meanwhile, considering the hydrodynamics and mass transfer performance of FGP packing, it was applied to the methanol distillation section.The results show that the heat load of the condenser is reduced by 16.01% after the application of FGP packing, which can save 461.10 kt of cooling water every year; the heat load of the reboiler is reduced by 26.30%, which is equivalent to carbon dioxide emission reduction of 6651.83 t/a.

Key words: FGP packing, fluid mechanics, mass transfer, distillation

中图分类号:

TQ 053

李群生, 李洋, 任钟旗, 薛嘉星. FGP型填料的开发及在甲醇精馏节能减排中的应用[J]. 化工学报, 2021, 72(12): 6232-6240.

Qunsheng LI, Yang LI, Zhongqi REN, Jiaxing XUE. Study and application of FGP packing in energy saving and emission reduction of methanol distillation[J]. CIESC Journal, 2021, 72(12): 6232-6240.

图/表 13

图1 FGP-B填料2D、3D结构图

Fig.1 2D and 3D structure of FGP-B packing

表1 填料几何特性参数

Table 1 Geometric parameters of packing

填料类型	比表面积a/(m²/m³)	公称直径/mm	孔隙率/(m³/m³)	波纹倾角/（°）
FGP125-A	125	476	0.981	90-60-30-45-90
FGP125-B	125	476	0.981	90-45-30-45-90
FGP250-A	250	476	0.973	90-60-30-45-90
FGP250-B	250	476	0.973	90-45-30-45-90
Mellapak125X	125	476	0.981	30

图2 实验装置简图1—填料塔; 2—液体分布器; 3—填料; 4—风机; 5—孔板流量计; 6—U形压差计; 7—进口富氧水取样口; 8—出口富氧水取样口; 9—氧气鼓泡吸收柱; 10—转子流量计; 11—水泵; 12—氧气罐; 13—水槽

Fig.2 Schematic diagram of experimental device

图3 液体分布器俯视图1—外圈; 2—底板; 3—升气筒

Fig.3 The vercital view of the liquid distributor

图4 不同填料的干塔压降与F因子关系曲线

Fig.4 Relationship between dry pressure drop and F-factor of different packings

图5 FGP型填料湿塔压降与F因子关系

Fig.5 Relationship between wet pressure drop and F-factor of FGP packings

图6 L=33.72 m3/(m2·h)时5种填料湿塔压降对比

Fig.6 Comparison of wet pressure drop of five kind of packings when L=33.72 m3/(m2·h)

图7 不同填料液泛气速对比

Fig.7 Comparison of flooding velocity of different packings

图8 FGP型填料每米填料理论级数与F因子关系

Fig.8 Relationship between Nt and F-factor of FGP packings

图9 不同填料传质性能对比

Fig.9 Comparison of mass transfer performance of different packings

图10 甲醇精馏流程

Fig.10 Methanol distillation process

表2 甲醇精馏技术改造前后参数对比

Table 2 Comparison of parameters before and after technical transformation of methanol distillation

项目	技术改造前		技术改造后
项目	T2塔	T3塔	T2塔	T3塔
塔顶甲醇质量分数%	99.83	99.93	99.93	99.96
废水中甲醇含量/(kg/h)	—	46.24	—	1.63
回流比	1.6	1.5	0.9	1.1
冷凝器负荷/kW	-4362.16	-4207.34	-3214.93	-3533.56
再沸器负荷/kW	4866.96	3847.93	3719.52	3170.88

表3 技术改造前后关键流股模拟结果对比

Table 3 Comparison of simulation results of key flow strands before and after technical transformation

组分	粗甲醇/%（质量）	技术改造前/%（质量）				技术改造后/%（质量）
组分	粗甲醇/%（质量）	T1塔顶	T2塔顶	T3塔顶	T3塔釜	T1塔顶	T2塔顶	T3塔顶	T3塔釜
甲醇	93.161	0.6172	99.8340	99.9317	0.2478	0.6172	99.9337	99.9586	0.1358
水	5.836	4.8951	0.0614	—	99.6362	4.8951	0.0190	—	99.6962
二氧化碳	0.74	80.3301	—	—	—	80.3301	—	—	—
二甲醚	0.08	8.6840	—	—	—	8.684	—	—	—
杂醇	0.065	0.0031	—	—	0.1080	0.0031	—	—	0.1083
乙醇	0.06	0.0039	0.0532	0.0676	0.0079	0.0039	0.0285	0.0412	0.0132
氮气	0.04	4.3422	—	—	—	4.3422	—	—	—
甲烷	0.01	1.0855	—	—	—	1.0855	—	—	—
丙酮	0.008	0.0389	0.0187	0.0003	0.0478	0.0389	0.0188	0.0002	0.0465

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