超声对无沸腾区浸液式喷雾冷却的影响研究

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20211715

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

超声由于空化和声流机制可起到强化换热效果，为研究其在高热流下对喷雾冷却传热特性的影响，设计并搭建了以H₂O为工质的浸液式喷雾冷却实验平台，在无沸腾区范围内考察了不同喷雾高度、压力和热通量下超声场对喷雾冷却换热性能的影响。研究表明：超声浸液喷雾冷却的换热效果要优于浸液式喷雾冷却，在高热通量152 W/cm²情况下更加明显；强化换热效果会随着喷雾压力的升高而减小，在最佳喷雾高度10 mm和喷雾压力0.1 MPa条件下，浸液超声式喷雾冷却相比浸液式换热效果最高提升14.4%；超声对换热的改善作用随着喷雾高度增加而提升，喷雾高度18 mm时最高强化比29.1%。

关键词: 喷雾冷却, 浸液超声式, 对流, 稳态, 传热

Abstract:

Ultrasound can enhance heat transfer due to the mechanism of cavitation and acoustic flow. In order to study its effect on the heat transfer characteristics of spray cooling under high heat flow, an immersed spray cooling experimental platform with H₂O as the working fluid was designed and built. The effect of the ultrasonic field on the spray cooling heat transfer performance under different spray heights, pressures and heat fluxes was investigated in the non-boiling regime. Studies have shown that the heat transfer effect of ultrasonic immersed spray cooling is better than that of immersed spray cooling, which is more obvious in the case of large heat flux 152 W/cm². The enhanced heat transfer effect will decrease with the increase of spray pressure, and the immersed ultrasonic spray cooling has the highest increase of 14.4% compared to the immersed type under the optimum spray height 10 mm and spray pressure 0.1 MPa condition. The improvement of ultrasonic on heat transfer will increase with the increase of spray height, and the highest enhancement ratio is 29.1% when spray height is 18 mm.

Key words: spray cooling, immersed ultrasonic type, convection, steady state, heat transfer

中图分类号:

TK 124

李俊, 黎仕华, 孙志高, 宋士博. 超声对无沸腾区浸液式喷雾冷却的影响研究[J]. 化工学报, 2022, 73(4): 1566-1574.

Jun LI, Shihua LI, Zhigao SUN, Shibo SONG. Study on effect of ultrasound for immersed spray cooling in non-boiling regime[J]. CIESC Journal, 2022, 73(4): 1566-1574.

图/表 10

图1 喷雾冷却系统

Fig.1 Spray cooling system

图2 模拟热源结构

Fig.2 Structure of simulated heat source

表1 测量仪器及其精度

Table 1 Measuring instrument and accuracy

测量数据	测量仪器	量程	测量精度
冷却工质进口温度	PT100铂电阻	-50～150℃	±0.15℃
喷嘴出水温度	PT100铂电阻	-50～150℃	±0.15℃
喷雾腔内温度	PT100铂电阻	-50～150℃	±0.15℃
加热柱体温度	K型针式热电偶	0～800℃	±1.5℃
喷嘴进口压力	压力传感器	0～1600 kPa	±0.25%FS

图3 不同热流下传热系数与热沉表面温度随喷雾压力的变化

Fig.3 Variation of surface heat transfer coefficient and surface temperature with spray pressure under different heat fluxes

图4 浸液水温变化

Fig.4 Change of immersed liquid temperature

图5 不同喷雾压力下浸液超声式对浸液式的换热强化效果

Fig.5 Heat transfer enhancement effect of immersed ultrasonic type versus immersed type under different spray pressures

图6 不同喷雾压力下对流表面传热系数随热通量的变化

Fig.6 Variation of convective surface heat transfer coefficient with heat flux density under different spray pressures

图7 喷雾流量相对节约比例随热通量的变化

Fig.7 The change of spray flow rate saving percentage with heat flux density

图8 不同热通量下对流表面传热系数随喷雾高度的变化

Fig.8 Variation of convective surface heat transfer coefficient with spray height under different heat flux density

图9 不同喷雾高度下浸液超声式对浸液式的换热强化效果

Fig.9 Heat transfer enhancement effect of immersed ultrasonic type versus immersed type at different heights

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