基于二维梯度树状肋相变储热系统强化传热机理

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20220669

化工学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 73 ›› Issue (10): 4399-4409.DOI: 10.11949/0438-1157.20220669

基于二维梯度树状肋相变储热系统强化传热机理

张欣宇¹(), 杨晓宏¹^,²(), 张燕楠¹, 徐佳锟¹, 郭枭¹, 田瑞¹^,³

^1.内蒙古工业大学能源与动力工程学院，内蒙古呼和浩特 010051
^2.风能太阳能利用技术教育部重点实验室，内蒙古呼和浩特 010051
^3.内蒙古可再生能源重点实验室，内蒙古呼和浩特 010051

收稿日期:2022-05-10 修回日期:2022-09-08 出版日期:2022-10-05 发布日期:2022-11-02
通讯作者: 杨晓宏
作者简介:张欣宇（1981—），女，博士研究生，讲师，1031491945@qq.com
基金资助:
内蒙古自治区研究生科研创新项目(BZ2020030);国家自然科学基金项目(51866011);内蒙古自治区直属高校基本科研业务费项目(JY20220040)

Heat transfer enhancement mechanism of phase change heat storage system based on two-dimensional gradient dendritic fins

Xinyu ZHANG¹(), Xiaohong YANG¹^,²(), Yannan ZHANG¹, Jiakun XU¹, Xiao GUO¹, Rui TIAN¹^,³

^1.School of Energy and Power Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot 010051, Inner Mongolia, China
^2.Key Laboratory of Wind and Solar Energy Utilization Technology, Ministry of Education, Hohhot 010051, Inner Mongolia, China
^3.Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Hohhot 010051, Inner Mongolia, China

Received:2022-05-10 Revised:2022-09-08 Online:2022-10-05 Published:2022-11-02
Contact: Xiaohong YANG

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

设计了双碟式光热-光电储热发电系统，针对相变储热系统传热特性进行研究，建立了六纵肋、雪花型肋、梯度树状肋相变储热模型，采用Fluent软件对石蜡蓄释热过程进行模拟。通过非稳态传热温度场和速度场的变化分析石蜡熔化和凝固的传热机理。结果表明，石蜡熔化过程伴随着热传导与自然对流的协同作用，凝固过程对流换热微弱以热传导为主。从场协同的角度分析，采用梯度树状肋使空间温度分布更均匀，可提高流体速度场和温度场的协同程度。石蜡熔化温度分别为315、340、360 K，完全熔化时间依次为224、374、703 s；完全凝固时间依次为3439、1089、842 s。可见，随着熔化温度的升高，完全熔化时间增长，完全凝固时间缩短。因此，在选择相变材料时要综合考虑熔化温度、蓄释热初温和终温及储热量的要求。

关键词: 太阳能, 相变储热, 梯度肋, 蓄释热, 传热, 场协同, 数值模拟

Abstract:

A double-dish photothermal-photoelectric heat storage and power generation system was designed. The heat transfer characteristics of phase change heat storage system were studied. Then the phase change heat storage models of six longitudinal fins, snowflake fins and gradient dendritic fins were established. The Fluent software was used to simulate the heat storage and release process of paraffin. Finally, the heat transfer mechanism of paraffin melting and solidification was analyzed through the change of unsteady heat transfer temperature field and velocity field. The results show that the paraffin melting process is accompanied by the synergistic effect of heat conduction and natural convection, and the convective heat transfer in the solidification process is weak and mainly based on heat conduction. From the perspective of field synergy, the gradient dendritic fins are used to make the spatial temperature distribution more uniform, which can improve the synergy degree of fluid velocity field and temperature field. The melting temperature of paraffin is 315, 340 and 360 K respectively, and the complete melting time is 224, 374 and 703 s respectively. Complete solidification time is 3439, 1089, 842 s. It can be seen that with the increase of melting temperature, the complete melting time increases and the complete solidification time shortens. Therefore, the melting temperature, initial and final temperature of heat storage and release and heat storage capacity should be considered when choosing phase change materials.

Key words: solar energy, phase change heat storage, gradient fins, heat storage and release, heat transfer, field synergy, numerical simulation

中图分类号:

TK 513.5

张欣宇, 杨晓宏, 张燕楠, 徐佳锟, 郭枭, 田瑞. 基于二维梯度树状肋相变储热系统强化传热机理[J]. 化工学报, 2022, 73(10): 4399-4409.

Xinyu ZHANG, Xiaohong YANG, Yannan ZHANG, Jiakun XU, Xiao GUO, Rui TIAN. Heat transfer enhancement mechanism of phase change heat storage system based on two-dimensional gradient dendritic fins[J]. CIESC Journal, 2022, 73(10): 4399-4409.

图/表 16

图1 三种相变储热模型及尺寸

Fig.1 Three-phase change heat storage models and dimensions

表1 PCM及铝和铜的热物理性质［29］

Table 1 Thermophysical properties of PCM， aluminum and copper［29］

物理量	数值
物理量	石蜡	铜	铝
密度ρ/(kg/m³)	750	8978	2719
比热容c_p /(J/(kg·K))	2000	381	879
热导率λ /(W/(m·K))	0.2	387.6	202.4
动力黏度μ /(kg/(m·s))	0.001	—	—
体积膨胀系数α/K^-1	0.00085	—	—
相变热Δh/(kJ/kg)	255	—	—
凝固温度T_s/K	315.15	—	—
熔化温度T_l /K	317.15	—	—

图2 计算域的网格图

Fig.2 Grid system of the computational domain

图3 网格大小和时间步长独立性验证

Fig.3 Verification of grid size and time step independence

图4 数值方法的验证

Fig.4 Validation of numerical method

图5 三种模型石蜡熔化过程温度及液相率云图

Fig.5 The cloud atlas of temperature and liquid fraction of paraffin melting process of three models

图6 三种模型石蜡凝固过程温度及液相率云图

Fig.6 The cloud atlas of temperature and liquid fraction of paraffin solidification process of three models

图7 三种模型蓄释热过程相变材料液相率变化

Fig.7 Changes in the liquid fraction of phase change materials during heat storage and release process of three models

图8 三种模型蓄释热过程相变材料平均温度变化

Fig.8 Changes in the average temperature of phase change materials during heat storage and release process of three models

图9 三种模型蓄释热过程相变材料速度变化

Fig.9 Changes in the velocity of phase change materials during heat storage and release process of three models

图10 三种模型蓄释热过程热通量变化

Fig.10 Changes in the heat flux density during heat storage and release process of three models

图11 三种模型熔化过程石蜡场协同数Fc的瞬态变化

Fig.11 Transient changes in synergy number Fc of paraffin field in melting process of three models

图12 三种模型释热过程石蜡场协同数Fc的瞬态变化

Fig.12 Transient changes in synergy number Fc of paraffin field during heat release of three models

图13 不同熔化温度蓄释热过程石蜡液相率变化

Fig.13 Changes in the liquid fraction of paraffin during heat storage and release at different melting temperatures

图14 不同熔化温度蓄释热过程石蜡平均温度变化

Fig.14 Changes in the average temperature of paraffin during heat storage and release at different melting temperatures

图15 不同熔化温度释热过程石蜡释热量变化

Fig.15 Changes in the heat release capacity of paraffin at different melting temperatures

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基于二维梯度树状肋相变储热系统强化传热机理

Heat transfer enhancement mechanism of phase change heat storage system based on two-dimensional gradient dendritic fins

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