CIESC Journal ›› 2021, Vol. 72 ›› Issue (11): 5738-5750.DOI: 10.11949/0438-1157.20210668

• Energy and environmental engineering • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Study on sodium storage behavior of hard carbons derived from coal with different grades of metamorphism

Boyang WANG(),Jili XIA,Xiaoling DONG,Hang GUO,Wencui LI()   

  1. School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, China
  • Received:2021-05-17 Revised:2021-07-30 Online:2021-11-12 Published:2021-11-05
  • Contact: Wencui LI

不同变质程度煤衍生硬炭的储钠行为研究

王博阳(),夏吉利,董晓玲,郭行,李文翠()   

  1. 大连理工大学化工学院,辽宁 大连 116024
  • 通讯作者: 李文翠
  • 作者简介:王博阳(1996—),男,硕士研究生,wangboyang813@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(21776041);辽宁省兴辽英才计划项目(XLYC1902045);大连市科技创新基金项目(2020JJ26GX030)

Abstract:

Coal has the advantages of high carbon content, developed aromatic structure and low cost. It is a high-quality precursor for the preparation of hard carbon anode materials for sodium ion batteries. However, the graphitization degree, carbon layer spacing, and chemical composition of the coal-based hard carbons are different due to the complex structure and the presence of inorganic impurity in the various kinds of coal, which makes it challenging to optimize the electrochemical performance of coal-based hard carbon anodes. Herein, four types of coal with different grades of metamorphism are chosen to prepare a series of coal-based hard carbons by acid elution of ash and high-temperature carbonization treatment. Furthermore, the effects of the metamorphic grade and carbonization temperature on the microcrystalline structure and surface heteroatomic composition of coal-based hard carbon were studied, and the corresponding sodium storage behaviors were investigated as well. Therein, the hard carbon anode derived from lignite carbonized at 1400℃ exhibits the optimum performance, a high capacity of 338.8 mA·h·g-1 is delivered at a current density of 0.02 A·g-1 and a high initial Coulombic efficiency of 81.1% is displayed. The excellent electrochemical performance can be attributed to the larger carbon layer spacing and rich reversible sodium storage defect sites, which provide more sites for embedding and adsorbing sodium storage.

Key words: electrochemistry, sodium-ion batteries, pyrolysis, hard carbon, preparation, lignite

摘要:

煤具有碳含量高、芳香结构发达、成本低廉等优点,是制备钠离子电池硬炭负极材料的优质前驱体。然而煤种类繁多且含有无机杂质,不同种煤热解成炭后材料的石墨化度、碳层间距和表面化学组成各异,导致煤基硬炭负极的电化学性能优化难以展开。选择四种不同变质程度的煤,采用酸洗脱灰、高温炭化的方法制备了系列煤基硬炭,研究了变质程度、炭化温度对煤基硬炭微晶结构和表面杂原子组成的影响,并考察了其相应的储钠行为。其中,褐煤1400℃炭化得到的硬炭性能最佳,在0.02 A·g-1电流密度下表现出338.8 mA·h·g-1的比容量和81.1%的首次库仑效率。优异的电化学性能归因于褐煤硬炭较大的碳层间距和丰富的储钠缺陷位点,提供了高嵌入和吸附储钠容量。

关键词: 电化学, 钠离子电池, 热解, 硬炭, 制备, 褐煤

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