应用于离子液体体系汽液平衡测定的液相配制、气相分析方法

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20191316

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

面向离子液体应用于萃取精馏，讨论了离子液体体系汽液平衡测定的液相配制、气相分析方法，提出了改进的气相回流器和沸腾器结构。基本思路来源于韩世钧先生研究团队发展的汽液平衡测定的拟静态法和置换法，以及能够主动提供气化中心的沸腾器结构。提出了液相组成计算方法和误差估计，适用于含多个挥发性组分和多个非挥发性组分体系的任意组分。上述方法能够实测获得挥发性组分的活度系数，并避免较为繁琐的含离子液体液相的分析。通过连续配制测定，能够获得活度系数随组成的变化规律，并应用于萃取精馏溶剂性能的评价及筛选。

关键词: 离子液体, 汽液平衡, 萃取精馏, 活度系数

Abstract:

With respect to the application of ionic liquids in extractive distillation, this paper deals with some details of a synthetic method for liquid phase composition, while the vapor phase sample is analyzed, for the measurement of vapor-liquid equilibrium for systems containing ionic liquids. Basic ideas were from the quasi-static method, the exchanging method, and a structure of boiler featuring the active supply of vaporization center, which were developed by the research group of Prof. Shijun Han. Modified structures were presented for the droplet circulation of vapor phase and the boiler. A calculational procedure was presented for the liquid phase composition for systems containing several volatile and non-volatile components. Estimation of uncertainties was also presented. The method proposed provides experimental results for activity coefficients of the volatile components without the need of the relatively complicated analysis of the liquid phase sample containing ionic liquids. Through a procedure of repeated synthesis, trend of activity coefficients can be obtained with the variation of the composition. The method can be used for evaluation and screening of solvents for extractive distillation.

Key words: ionic liquids, vapor-liquid equilibrium, extractive distillation, activity coefficient

中图分类号:

O 642.42

谭亚龙, 舒高翔, 崔林芳, 章连众. 应用于离子液体体系汽液平衡测定的液相配制、气相分析方法[J]. 化工学报, 2020, 71(1): 225-230.

Yalong TAN, Gaoxiang SHU, Linfang CUI, Lianzhong ZHANG. Vapor-liquid equilibrium measurement featuring vapor phase sampling and synthetic liquid composition for systems containing ionic liquids[J]. CIESC Journal, 2020, 71(1): 225-230.

图/表 3

图1 具有液相配制、气相采样分析特征的汽液平衡釜 A—平衡室；B—沸腾器，气液在底部回流；C—? 5 mm×4小孔，能够主动提供气化中心；D—? 5 mm×4气液回流孔；E—泵式磁力搅拌；F—溢流式气相样品池，容量是2.5 cm3；H—夹套式气相冷凝器，其实际的位置是在平衡室前面，气相物料离开平衡室后管路的流向是朝下的；I—总体组成样品取样口；J—气相样品取样口；K—加液口；L—接测压及稳压装置；M—改进的气相回流器。N—用于消除过热的填料柱；I、J、K口由硅胶塞密封。平衡釜材质为石英玻璃，样品容量为270 cm3

Fig.1 Vapor-liquid equilibrium still featuring synthetic liquid phase composition and vapor phase sampling and analysis

图2 双循环汽液平衡釜物料的总体、液相和气相分布

Fig.2 Distribution of materials of bulk, liquid and vapor phase in a double-circulation vapor-liquid equilibrium still

图3 水(1) + 乙醇(2) + [bmim]BF4(3) 和水(1) + 乙腈(2) + [bmim]BF4(3) 汽液平衡行为的比较(p = 100 kPa ；x?1 = 0.050) ○ 乙醇[33]； □ 乙腈

Fig.3 Comparison of vapor-liquid equilibrium behavior of water (1) + ethanol (2) + [bmim] BF4 (3) and water (1) + acetonitrile (2) + [bmim] BF4 (3)(p = 100 kPa ；x?1 = 0.050)

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