中空碳基材料在电解水中的研究进展

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20200145

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

氢能所具有的清洁、高能量密度特点，使其成为一种未来的理想能源。相较于石油、天然气等的热解制氢技术，利用可再生清洁能源进行电催化分解水制氢具有高效和清洁无污染的特点，且获得氢气产物纯度高，具备大规模发展的潜力。而在大规模水电解过程中，电催化剂是不可或缺的元素之一。它能有效地加速电解水在阴阳两极反应的动力学过程。传统的贵金属基催化剂具有良好的电催化析氢、析氧活性，但成本高昂、储量稀缺，从而限制了其规模化地推广及应用。开发新型高效廉价的非贵金属基电催化剂已成为时下研究热点。中空碳基纳米材料集成了中空材料和碳基材料的优势，作为电催化剂，在电解水方面有着潜在的应用价值。本文总结了近年来微纳米结构碳基中空材料作为新型电解水催化剂的研究进展，介绍了高效碳基中空析氧/析氢催化剂的设计原则和相应的设计策略，并对开发持久高效的中空碳基电解水催化剂进行了总结和展望。

关键词: 电化学, 催化剂, 制氢

Abstract:

The clean and high energy density characteristics of hydrogen energy make it an ideal energy source for the future. Electrocatalysts are indispensable elements for large-scale water electrolysis, which can efficiently accelerate electrochemical reactions occurring at both ends. Benefitting from high specific surface area, well-defined void space and tuneable chemical compositions, hollow nanostructures of carbon based nanomaterials could be applied as promising candidates of direct electrocatalysts or supports for loading internal or external catalysts. Herein, we summarize the recent progress in the structural design of carbon-based micro-/nanostructured hollow materials as advanced catalysts for water splitting. Besides, we present the future research directions of carbon based hollow electrocatalysts for water splitting based on our personal perspectives.

Key words: electrochemistry, catalyst, hydrogen production

中图分类号:

TQ 15

田同振, 李念武, 于乐. 中空碳基材料在电解水中的研究进展[J]. 化工学报, 2020, 71(6): 2466-2480.

Tongzhen TIAN, Nianwu LI, Le YU. Progress of carbon-based micro-/nanostructured hollow electrocatalysts for water splitting[J]. CIESC Journal, 2020, 71(6): 2466-2480.

图/表 3

参考文献 69

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