化工学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 73 ›› Issue (7): 3174-3181.doi: 10.11949/0438-1157.20220097

• 表面与界面工程 • 上一篇    下一篇

高分子复合材料中键合剂在不同纳米填料表面的吸附能计算

赵继昊1(),唐伟强1,徐小飞1(),赵双良1,2,贺炅皓3   

  1. 1.华东理工大学化工学院，上海 200237
    2.广西大学化学化工学院，广西 南宁 530028
    3.大冢材料科技（上海）有限公司，上海 200233
  • 收稿日期:2022-01-18 修回日期:2022-04-12 出版日期:2022-07-05 发布日期:2022-08-01
  • 通讯作者: 徐小飞 E-mail:1508195223@qq.com;xuxf@ecust.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:赵继昊(1996—)，男，硕士研究生，1508195223@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(21878078)

Adsorption energy of bonding agent on nano-filler in polymer composites

Jihao ZHAO1(),Weiqiang TANG1,Xiaofei XU1(),Shuangliang ZHAO1,2,Jionghao HE3   

  1. 1.School of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
    2.School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530028, Guangxi, China
    3.Otsuka Material Technology (Shanghai) Company Limited, Shanghai 200233, China
  • Received:2022-01-18 Revised:2022-04-12 Published:2022-07-05 Online:2022-08-01
  • Contact: Xiaofei XU E-mail:1508195223@qq.com;xuxf@ecust.edu.cn

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摘要：

由高分子、填料、键合剂及各种功能助剂组成的高分子复合材料广泛应用于轮胎、含能材料、医疗、环保、建筑、交通等行业。键合剂在填料表面的吸附特性对高分子复合材料的性能有重要影响。分别以未改性的高氯酸铵、炭黑和二氧化硅填料为对象，利用第一性原理计算评估了五种键合剂分子，即三乙醇胺(TEA)、三氟化硼三乙醇胺络合物(T313)、N，N'-二邻甲苯胍(DOTG)、N，N'-二苯基硫脲(DPTU)和二苯胍(DPG)，在填料表面的吸附能。计算结果表明，随着填料基底层数的增加，吸附能逐渐增加，最后趋于一个稳定值。其中TEA和T313键合剂在高氯酸铵表面的吸附能为-0.84~-1.37 eV；DOTG、DPTU和DPG在炭黑表面的吸附能为-1.01~-1.29 eV；在二氧化硅表面的吸附能为-0.87~-0.94 eV；在接枝羟基的二氧化硅上的吸附能为-1.16~-1.36 eV。依次考察了单层炭黑点缺陷(单空位缺陷、双空位缺陷、Stone-Wales缺陷)和二氧化硅表面接枝羟基对吸附能的影响，发现单空位和双空位缺陷对吸附能影响不大，而Stone-Wales缺陷和二氧化硅接枝羟基显著增加吸附能。

关键词: 纳米填料, 键合剂, 吸附能, 密度泛函理论, 缺陷

Abstract:

Polymer composites composed of polymer, filler, bond agent and other functional additives are widely used in tire, energetic materials, medical treatment, environmental protection, construction, transportation and other industries. It has been well recognized that the adsorption properties of bond agents on the surfaces of nano-fillers have profound effects on the performance of the entire polymer composites. Herein, three kinds of nano-fillers are considered including the unmodified ammonium perchlorate, carbon black and SiO2 fillers, and by means of the first-principles calculation, the adsorption energies of five bond agents (TEA, T313, DOTG, DPTU and DPG) on the surfaces of these filler are evaluated. The calculation results show that with the increase of the number of filler substrate layers, the adsorption energy gradually increases, and finally tends to a stable value. In addition, the influences of point defects (single vacancy defects, double vacancy defects, and Stone-Wales defects) and hydroxyl groups grafted on SiO2 surface on the adsorption energy are investigated. It is found that the presence of single vacancy defects or double vacancy defects has little influence on the adsorption energy. However, the Stone-Wales defect and grafted hydroxyl groups can significantly promote the adsorption energy.

Key words: nano-filler, bond-agent, adsorption energy, density functional theory, defect

中图分类号: 

  • O 485

图1

纳米填料的原始晶胞"

图2

五种键合剂分子的分子结构与静电势分布： (a) TEA； (b) T313； (c) DPG； (d) DPTU； (e) DOTG(1 cal=4.184 J)"

图3

键合剂在不同纳米填料表面的吸附模型"

图4

键合剂在不同层数的高氯酸铵上的吸附能"

图5

键合剂在不同层数的炭黑上的吸附能"

图6

键合剂在不同层数的二氧化硅上的吸附能"

图7

炭黑表面缺陷模型： (a) 单空位缺陷；(b) 双空位缺陷；(c) Stone-Wales缺陷"

表1

有机分子与不同缺陷类型炭黑的吸附能"

缺陷类型吸附能/eV
DPGDPTUDOTG
无缺陷-0.99-1.12-1.28
单空位-0.99-1.12-1.27
双空位-0.97-1.09-1.26
Stone-Wales-1.01-1.14-1.30

图8

DPTU在不同缺陷类型炭黑上的吸附： (a)无缺陷；(b)单空位缺陷；(c)双空位缺陷；(d)Stone-Wales缺陷"

图9

二氧化硅表面改性模型"

图10

三种键合剂分子在SiO2、SiO2@OH上的吸附能"

图11

DPG-SiO2体系、DPG-SiO2@OH体系的弱相互作用"

表2

有机分子与不同基底的吸附能"

基底类型吸附能/eV
DPGDPTUDOTG
双层炭黑-1.01-1.14-1.29
双层SiO2-0.87-0.89-0.94
双层SiO2@OH-1.16-1.20-1.35
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